Search results

Search for "polystyrene" in Full Text gives 222 result(s) in Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnology. Showing first 200.

A surface acoustic wave-driven micropump for particle uptake investigation under physiological flow conditions in very small volumes

  • Florian G. Strobl,
  • Dominik Breyer,
  • Phillip Link,
  • Adriano A. Torrano,
  • Christoph Bräuchle,
  • Matthias F. Schneider and
  • Achim Wixforth

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 414–419, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.41

Graphical Abstract
  • was driven by an effective RF power of PSAW ≈ 19 dBm at its resonance frequency of 126 MHz. Flow characterization The SAW-induced flow pattern is characterized by scanning particle imaging velocimetry (SPIV). The flow is made visible by 3 μm polystyrene beads and the chamber is scanned in several x–y
PDF
Album
Full Research Paper
Published 09 Feb 2015

Hematopoietic and mesenchymal stem cells: polymeric nanoparticle uptake and lineage differentiation

  • Ivonne Brüstle,
  • Thomas Simmet,
  • Gerd Ulrich Nienhaus,
  • Katharina Landfester and
  • Volker Mailänder

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 383–395, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.38

Graphical Abstract
  • capacity of hHSCs and hMSCs to obtain a deeper knowledge of the interaction of stem cells and nanoparticles. As model systems of nanoparticles, two sets of either bioinert (polystyrene without carboxylic groups on the surface) or biodegradable (PLLA without magnetite) particles were analyzed. Flow
  • were chosen for this study: non-functionalized polystyrene (PS) and carboxy-functionalized polystyrene (PS–COOH). PS–COOH particles are biocompatible, but nondegradable particles whereas poly(L-lactide) particles without (PLLA) and with magnetite (PLLA–Fe) are biocompatible and biodegradable. All
  • functionalized polystyrene nanoparticles as described in [18]) or by a combination of miniemulsion and emulsion/solvent evaporation techniques (PLLA nanoparticles without and with magnetite, as described in [19][20]). In all cases, SDS was used as a surfactant for the synthesis or formation of the nanoparticles
PDF
Album
Supp Info
Full Research Paper
Published 05 Feb 2015

Biological responses to nanoscale particles

  • Reinhard Zellner

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 380–382, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.37

Graphical Abstract
  • used in this study were those of current, wide-spread technological importance, such as metals (e.g., silver, gold, platinum), oxides (e.g., silica, iron oxide, cerium oxide, manganese oxide), polymers (e.g., polystyrene) and quantum dots (II/VI semiconductors). Naturally occurring and industrially
PDF
Editorial
Published 05 Feb 2015

Comparative evaluation of the impact on endothelial cells induced by different nanoparticle structures and functionalization

  • Lisa Landgraf,
  • Ines Müller,
  • Peter Ernst,
  • Miriam Schäfer,
  • Christina Rosman,
  • Isabel Schick,
  • Oskar Köhler,
  • Hartmut Oehring,
  • Vladimir V. Breus,
  • Thomas Basché,
  • Carsten Sönnichsen,
  • Wolfgang Tremel and
  • Ingrid Hilger

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 300–312, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.28

Graphical Abstract
  • internalization of Au@Fe3O4, Au@MnO and Fe3O4 particles (Figure 6). Caveolae-mediated uptake was blocked by the use of genistein, which was effectively demonstrated for anionic polystyrene nanoparticles in Hela cells [55]. Contrarily, Fernando et al. observed no changes for the internalization route of polymer
  • to be a cell-type-specific process [61][62][63]. In this context, the mouse macrophages cell line J774A.1 used macropinocytosis and clathrin-mediated endocytosis for the uptake of 40 nm sized polystyrene nanoparticles, depending on the lack of caveolin-1 expression in this cell line. In contrast, the
PDF
Album
Supp Info
Full Research Paper
Published 27 Jan 2015

Caveolin-1 and CDC42 mediated endocytosis of silica-coated iron oxide nanoparticles in HeLa cells

  • Nils Bohmer and
  • Andreas Jordan

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 167–176, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.16

Graphical Abstract
  • human alveolar epithelial cells and polystyrene nanoparticles around 100 nm [38] as well as polymer coated gold nanoparticles with a core size around 13 nm [39]. On the other hand there are studies showing the uptake of different nanoparticles by HeLa cells such as quantum dots [35], PEG-PLA particles
PDF
Album
Full Research Paper
Published 14 Jan 2015

Chemoselective silicification of synthetic peptides and polyamines

  • Maryna Abacilar,
  • Fabian Daus and
  • Armin Geyer

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 103–110, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.10

Graphical Abstract
  • molecules 2–5. CTC resin [chloro-(2'-chlorotrityl)polystyrene resin] served as a solid support and was functionalized directly with different amines [14]. The nucleophilicity of one nitrogen of 1,3-propylenediamine was annihilated by tritylation with CTC resin (Figure 3 upper row) while the other peripheral
PDF
Album
Supp Info
Full Research Paper
Published 08 Jan 2015

Synthesis of boron nitride nanotubes and their applications

  • Saban Kalay,
  • Zehra Yilmaz,
  • Ozlem Sen,
  • Melis Emanet,
  • Emine Kazanc and
  • Mustafa Çulha

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 84–102, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.9

Graphical Abstract
  • and it might be worthwhile to further investigate it [71]. BNNT-grafted, poly(glycidyl methacrylate) and polystyrene brushes were prepared via atom transfer radical polymerization [72]. The resulting nanocomposite material was characterized using FTIR, TGA, SEM and TEM. The TEM images clearly show the
PDF
Album
Review
Published 08 Jan 2015

The fate of a designed protein corona on nanoparticles in vitro and in vivo

  • Denise Bargheer,
  • Julius Nielsen,
  • Gabriella Gébel,
  • Markus Heine,
  • Sunhild C. Salmen,
  • Roland Stauber,
  • Horst Weller,
  • Joerg Heeren and
  • Peter Nielsen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 36–46, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.5

Graphical Abstract
  • was proven that the binding of proteins can also be mostly irreversible forming a very long-lasting “hard” corona in blood [34][36]. Using sulfonate- or carboxy-modified polystyrene latex beads and fluorescence-labeled transferrin, Milani et al. found a first layer of transferrin irreversibly bound to
PDF
Album
Full Research Paper
Published 06 Jan 2015

Exploring plasmonic coupling in hole-cap arrays

  • Thomas M. Schmidt,
  • Maj Frederiksen,
  • Vladimir Bochenkov and
  • Duncan S. Sutherland

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 1–10, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.1

Graphical Abstract
  • needs of the fabrication process the gold structures are in contact with the polystyrene (PS) particle, glass substrate and/or the clean room tape which modify the local dielectric environment of the nanoparticle and have to be taken into account when understanding the spectral features. Materials White
  • sulfate latex polystyrene particles with diameter of 0.11 µm were obtained from Invitrogen Denmark. Deionized water with 18.2 MΩ resistivity from a Millipore Milli-Q water system. Poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) (Mw 120,000), Polystyrene (Mw 280,000), PDDA (poly(diallydimethylammonium chloride)) (Mw
  • carried out by exposure of the dry substrates to a 0.2% solution of polystyrene particles in deionized water for 120 s followed by rinsing in deionized water for 60 s and careful drying under N2 flow. Care was taken to dry quickly and to prevent rewetting of the surface. The assembled colloidal monolayer
PDF
Album
Supp Info
Full Research Paper
Published 02 Jan 2015

High-frequency multimodal atomic force microscopy

  • Adrian P. Nievergelt,
  • Jonathan D. Adams,
  • Pascal D. Odermatt and
  • Georg E. Fantner

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 2459–2467, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.255

Graphical Abstract
  • squeeze-film damping of the cantilever, the latter of which is roughly constant while in feedback. We used a thin-film blend of polystyrene (PS) and poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) as a sample (PS–PMMA–15M, Bruker AFM probes); its separation into soft and hard domains makes it a widely used standard for
PDF
Album
Full Research Paper
Published 22 Dec 2014

Functionalized polystyrene nanoparticles as a platform for studying bio–nano interactions

  • Cornelia Loos,
  • Tatiana Syrovets,
  • Anna Musyanovych,
  • Volker Mailänder,
  • Katharina Landfester,
  • G. Ulrich Nienhaus and
  • Thomas Simmet

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 2403–2412, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.250

Graphical Abstract
  • biodistribution. Polystyrene does not degrade in the cellular environment and exhibits no short-term cytotoxicity. Because polystyrene nanoparticles can be easily synthesized in a wide range of sizes with distinct surface functionalizations, they are perfectly suited as model particles to study the effects of the
  • particle surface characteristics on various biological parameters. Therefore, we have exploited polystyrene nanoparticles as a convenient platform to study bio–nano interactions. This review summarizes studies on positively and negatively charged polystyrene nanoparticles and compares them with clinically
  • used superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles. Keywords: amino groups; apoptosis; carboxyl groups; cell proliferation; leukemia cell lines; macrophages; mTOR; polystyrene nanoparticles; Review Applications of polystyrene Polystyrene, one of the most extensively used types of plastic [1], is an
PDF
Album
Review
Published 15 Dec 2014

Nanoparticle interactions with live cells: Quantitative fluorescence microscopy of nanoparticle size effects

  • Li Shang,
  • Karin Nienhaus,
  • Xiue Jiang,
  • Linxiao Yang,
  • Katharina Landfester,
  • Volker Mailänder,
  • Thomas Simmet and
  • G. Ulrich Nienhaus

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 2388–2397, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.248

Graphical Abstract
  • with widely differing sizes. We have selected very small gold nanoclusters (AuNCs, diameter ≈3 nm) stabilized with dihydrolipoic acid (DHLA), semiconductor core-shell quantum dots (CdSe/ZnS, ≈10 nm) coated with D-penicillamine (DPA) and relatively large polystyrene (PS) NPs (≈100 nm) with different
  • ], dihydrolipoic acid-coated gold nanoclusters (DHLA-AuNCs) [29], and fluorescently labeled polystyrene (PS) NPs with covalently attached carboxyl (–COOH, CPS) or amine (–NH2, NPS) surface functionalizations [30]. For comparison, we have also studied plain PS NPs, which were water-solubilized by physically
  • clathrin-dependent pathways. In agreement with our results, other studies also showed that clathrin-dependent uptake plays an important role in the internalization of nanoparticles, e.g., silver NPs (diameter: 50 nm) [42] and polystyrene NPS (diameter: 40 nm) [43]. The presence of dynasore also reduced the
PDF
Album
Full Research Paper
Published 11 Dec 2014

Interaction of dermatologically relevant nanoparticles with skin cells and skin

  • Annika Vogt,
  • Fiorenza Rancan,
  • Sebastian Ahlberg,
  • Berouz Nazemi,
  • Chun Sik Choe,
  • Maxim E. Darvin,
  • Sabrina Hadam,
  • Ulrike Blume-Peytavi,
  • Kateryna Loza,
  • Jörg Diendorf,
  • Matthias Epple,
  • Christina Graf,
  • Eckart Rühl,
  • Martina C. Meinke and
  • Jürgen Lademann

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 2363–2373, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.245

Graphical Abstract
  • groups, we observed penetration and cellular uptake of fluorescent polystyrene particles ranging from 40–200 nm in diameter after skin surface stripping in murine and human skin [11][12]. Furthermore, the internalization of a fluorescent vaccinia virus vector (diameter approx. 290 nm) could be
  • epithelium. In studies with polystyrene particles as well as Modified Vaccinia Ankara Virus as an example for biologically and immunologically relevant particulates in the context of transcutaneous vaccination, we recently identified hair follicles as sites of nanomaterial translocation into the viable
PDF
Album
Full Research Paper
Published 08 Dec 2014

Coating with luminal gut-constituents alters adherence of nanoparticles to intestinal epithelial cells

  • Heike Sinnecker,
  • Katrin Ramaker and
  • Andreas Frey

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 2308–2315, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.239

Graphical Abstract
  • gut-constituents on the adherence of nanoparticles to intestinal epithelial cells. Carboxylated polystyrene particles 20, 100 and 200 nm in size represented our anthropogenic NPs, and differentiated Caco-2 cells served as model for mature enterocytes of the small intestine. Pretreatment with the
  • : columnar cells with brush border microvilli and a glycocalyx on the apical side. Therefore, we used the differentiated cells at this point in time for our interaction studies of NPs with intestinal epithelial cells. As model anthropogenic nanoparticles, surface-carboxylated fluorescent polystyrene
  • 37 °C in a humidified atmosphere containing 10% CO2 and the medium was changed every 2–3 days. Nanoparticles Carboxylate-modified polystyrene NPs 24 ± 4.0, 100 ± 6.0 and 210 ± 10 nm in size (in this study referred to as 20, 100 and 200 nm) were purchased from Life Technologies (Invitrogen Molecular
PDF
Album
Full Research Paper
Published 02 Dec 2014

Localized surface plasmon resonances in nanostructures to enhance nonlinear vibrational spectroscopies: towards an astonishing molecular sensitivity

  • Dan Lis and
  • Francesca Cecchet

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 2275–2292, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.237

Graphical Abstract
  • to an important SFG enhancement [73]. To do that, a 200 nm thick silver or gold film was evaporated over polystyrene beads with various diameters (from 300 to 620 nm). The visible laser source being fixed at 532 nm, the best excitation of the LSPR mode was obtained with the 360 nm beads, no matter
PDF
Album
Review
Published 28 Nov 2014

Biopolymer colloids for controlling and templating inorganic synthesis

  • Laura C. Preiss,
  • Katharina Landfester and
  • Rafael Muñoz-Espí

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 2129–2138, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.222

Graphical Abstract
  • to the surface of colloidal particles. In this sense, Krattiger et al. [44] reported the morphogenesis of CaCO3 and DL-alanine crystals in the presence of polystyrene beads functionalized with synthetic peptides with different amino acids and oligopeptides. B. Biopolymers as “supports” B1. Molecular
PDF
Album
Review
Published 17 Nov 2014

The gut wall provides an effective barrier against nanoparticle uptake

  • Heike Sinnecker,
  • Thorsten Krause,
  • Sabine Koelling,
  • Ingmar Lautenschläger and
  • Andreas Frey

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 2092–2101, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.218

Graphical Abstract
  • -functionalized polystyrene particles of three different sizes (20, 40 and 200 nm) (Table 1). For uptake studies, the particles were administered into the isolated intestine, samples from the luminal, vascular and lymphatic compartments were collected over the time course of the experiment and particle
  • determined. Nanoparticle quantitation Fluorescent, carboxylate-modified polystyrene NPs (FluoSpheres®, Table 1) were purchased from Invitrogen (via Life Technologies; Darmstadt, Germany). The fluorescence of the 20 nm and 200 nm NPs was directly measured in suspensions (standards and samples) by using a
PDF
Album
Supp Info
Full Research Paper
Published 12 Nov 2014

Effect of silver nanoparticles on human mesenchymal stem cell differentiation

  • Christina Sengstock,
  • Jörg Diendorf,
  • Matthias Epple,
  • Thomas A. Schildhauer and
  • Manfred Köller

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 2058–2069, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.214

Graphical Abstract
  • aggrecan release demonstrated no differences compared with cells cultured without silver. Similar results were obtained by Tautzenberger et al., who demonstrated that the chondrogenic differentiation of hMSCs was not influenced in the presence of polystyrene nanoparticles [31]. A major difficulty when
PDF
Album
Full Research Paper
Published 10 Nov 2014

Carbon nano-onions (multi-layer fullerenes): chemistry and applications

  • Juergen Bartelmess and
  • Silvia Giordani

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 1980–1998, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.207

Graphical Abstract
  • used for a ring opening polymerization with ε-caprolactone in the presence of stannous octoate. In a second approach, CNO-Brs were decorated with polystyrene in an atom transfer radical polymerization reaction. Both polymer-functionalized CNO materials showed a good solubility in common organic
PDF
Album
Review
Published 04 Nov 2014

Carbon-based smart nanomaterials in biomedicine and neuroengineering

  • Antonina M. Monaco and
  • Michele Giugliano

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 1849–1863, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.196

Graphical Abstract
  • of neurites. Their results showed high biocompatibility, and highlighted a longer average length of neurites, as well as better viability for cells grown on graphene, when compared to polystyrene control substrates. The authors also found an overexpression of the GAP43 protein, possibly the result of
PDF
Album
Correction
Review
Published 23 Oct 2014

In vitro and in vivo interactions of selected nanoparticles with rodent serum proteins and their consequences in biokinetics

  • Wolfgang G. Kreyling,
  • Stefanie Fertsch-Gapp,
  • Martin Schäffler,
  • Blair D. Johnston,
  • Nadine Haberl,
  • Christian Pfeiffer,
  • Jörg Diendorf,
  • Carsten Schleh,
  • Stephanie Hirn,
  • Manuela Semmler-Behnke,
  • Matthias Epple and
  • Wolfgang J. Parak

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 1699–1711, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.180

Graphical Abstract
  • tests that the binding capacity of different engineered NP (polystyrene, elemental carbon) for selected serum proteins depends strongly on the NP size and the properties of engineered surface modifications. In the following attempt, we studied systematically the effect of the size (5, 15, 80 nm) of gold
  • ; details are given in [5]. We chose nano-sized and submicrometer-sized carbon black versus 50 nm monodisperse polystyrene NP with surface modifications of either carboxyl groups (negative charge), or amino groups (positive charge) or plain surface (neutral charge) as measured by their zeta potential and
  • supernatant after BSA separation from the 50 nm Polystyrene (PS) NP–protein complexes (PS-Plain: neutral charge, PS-COOH: negative charge by carboxyl groups, PS-NH2: positive charge by amino groups) depending on the NP dose; the error bars show the standard deviation). Each line represents the linear
PDF
Album
Review
Published 02 Oct 2014

Non-covalent and reversible functionalization of carbon nanotubes

  • Antonello Di Crescenzo,
  • Valeria Ettorre and
  • Antonella Fontana

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 1675–1690, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.178

Graphical Abstract
  • interactions with the B block of another monomer or with the SWCNT surface, respectively. On the other hand, the capability of polystyrene-b-polyisoprene (PS-b-PI) diblock copolymers to disperse MWCNTs seems to be dominated by the solvent selectivity of the block copolymers, being the direct interaction
  • between the nanotubes and the polymers of secondary importance [53]. Indeed PS-b-PI demonstrated to disperse MWCNTs both in dimethylformamide (DMF), a polar solvent selective for polystyrene, and heptane, a non-polar solvent that is selective for the polyisoprene block. Conjugated polymers like
PDF
Album
Review
Published 30 Sep 2014

Different endocytotic uptake mechanisms for nanoparticles in epithelial cells and macrophages

  • Dagmar A. Kuhn,
  • Dimitri Vanhecke,
  • Benjamin Michen,
  • Fabian Blank,
  • Peter Gehr,
  • Alke Petri-Fink and
  • Barbara Rothen-Rutishauser

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 1625–1636, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.174

Graphical Abstract
  • caveolin-1. A549 cells expressed clathrin heavy chain and caveolin-1, but no flotillin-1 uptake-related proteins. Our data revealed an impeded uptake of 40 nm polystyrene nanoparticles by J774A.1 macrophages when actin polymerization and clathrin-coated pit formation was blocked. From this result, it is
  • of clathrin-coated vesicles (preventing clathrin-mediated endocytosis). Our data showed that a combination of several distinguishable endocytotic uptake mechanisms are involved in the uptake of 40 nm polystyrene nanoparticles in both the macrophage and epithelial cell line. Keywords: cell lines
  • commonly used drugs to study NP uptake. Cytochalasin D can depolymerize actin filaments [34][35] and can therefore be used to study actin-dependent uptake mechanisms, that is, phagocytosis and macropinocytosis. Larger particles, such as polystyrene particles of 1 µm in diameter, can be used to run the
PDF
Album
Supp Info
Full Research Paper
Published 24 Sep 2014

Hydrophobic interaction governs unspecific adhesion of staphylococci: a single cell force spectroscopy study

  • Nicolas Thewes,
  • Peter Loskill,
  • Philipp Jung,
  • Henrik Peisker,
  • Markus Bischoff,
  • Mathias Herrmann and
  • Karin Jacobs

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 1501–1512, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.163

Graphical Abstract
  • cantilever thereby is in the horizontal position with the functionalized side facing down. By using the micromanipulator, holder and cantilever were lowered and the cantilever dipped into a droplet of diluted bacterial solution (see above), which was previously placed on a polystyrene petri dish. Under the
PDF
Album
Full Research Paper
Published 10 Sep 2014

Near-field photochemical and radiation-induced chemical fabrication of nanopatterns of a self-assembled silane monolayer

  • Ulrich C. Fischer,
  • Carsten Hentschel,
  • Florian Fontein,
  • Linda Stegemann,
  • Christiane Hoeppener,
  • Harald Fuchs and
  • Stefanie Hoeppener

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 1441–1449, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.156

Graphical Abstract
  • such masks are outlined in Figure 1. To form mask 1, a thin gold film backed by a thin film of polystyrene is transferred onto a gold projection pattern as obtained by CL. The projection pattern backed by the gold film is then transferred to a water surface. Mask 1 is then ready to be transferred to a
  • attachment of molecules at a resolution of 30 nm. Experimental Mask fabrication and mask transfer The fabrication of mask 1 involves the following steps: A gold film is prepared through thermal evaporation of gold onto a cover glass. Then, a thin film of polystyrene is deposited onto the gold film by spin
  • coating of a 2% solution of polystyrene (MW 100000) in toluene at 1500 rpm. The sandwich layer of the gold film and the polystyrene film is cut with a diamond marker into squares of about 2–3 mm. By dipping the coated cover glass slowly at an oblique angle into a water trough, the films are separated from
PDF
Album
Full Research Paper
Published 03 Sep 2014
Other Beilstein-Institut Open Science Activities