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Search for "pore size" in Full Text gives 200 result(s) in Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnology.

Fabrication of hybrid nanocomposite scaffolds by incorporating ligand-free hydroxyapatite nanoparticles into biodegradable polymer scaffolds and release studies

  • Balazs Farkas,
  • Marina Rodio,
  • Ilaria Romano,
  • Alberto Diaspro,
  • Romuald Intartaglia and
  • Szabolcs Beke

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 2217–2223, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.227

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  • illustrates the degradation, the scaffold swelling, and HA NPs release during degradation in Dulbecco's Modified Eagle's Medium (DMEM). In order to test the release of HA NPs from the bulk scaffolds, 20 layer of 3 mm diameter porous (400 μm pore size) scaffolds were fabricated from HA NPs–PPF resins
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Published 25 Nov 2015

Electrochemical coating of dental implants with anodic porous titania for enhanced osteointegration

  • Amirreza Shayganpour,
  • Alberto Rebaudi,
  • Pierpaolo Cortella,
  • Alberto Diaspro and
  • Marco Salerno

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 2183–2192, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.224

Graphical Abstract
  • , namely, anodic porous alumina (APA), which is mainly used in nanotechnology [8] because no particular pore order is required in this field. Here, a relatively uniform pore size and spacing is required and thus the preliminary electropolishing and two-step anodization used for APA to form hexagonal pore
  • , Figure S2). In that case, the temperature was lower and sulphuric acid was used instead. As a result, the pore edges were sharper, while here we have rounded pore mouths, in agreement with literature results [26]. The comparatively large pore size, at the border between nano- and micro-scale, is
  • associated with the high anodization voltage used here, which should be proportional to the pore size, similar to the case of APA [7]. This high voltage has been selected because, according to Choi [25], no pore formation occurs at a voltage below ≈100 V, even if formation of oxide is still observed. At the
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Published 20 Nov 2015

Selective porous gates made from colloidal silica nanoparticles

  • Roberto Nisticò,
  • Paola Avetta,
  • Paola Calza,
  • Debora Fabbri,
  • Giuliana Magnacca and
  • Dominique Scalarone

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 2105–2112, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.215

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  • straight pores, realize the separation by a sieving mechanism based only on pore size: molecules and/or particles smaller than the pore diameter pass easily through the porous membrane, whereas species larger than the pore diameters are retained. They can be obtained by lithographic techniques or
  • materials (see inset in Figure 3A). The N2 gas-volumetric isotherm shown in Figure 3A is of the IV type, with a small hysteresis loop of H2 type (from IUPAC classification) in the relative pressure range 0.9–1, next to the condensation limit. The BET surface area is of ca. 260 m2 g−1 and the DFT pore size
  • distribution curve (Figure 3B) indicates a complex pore size distribution. In detail, pores present a bimodal distribution, with the presence of meso/macroporosity in the range 15–200 nm, probably due to interparticle voids (i.e., depth-filter porosity), together with a certain degree of microporosity in the
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Published 04 Nov 2015

Surface engineering of nanoporous substrate for solid oxide fuel cells with atomic layer-deposited electrolyte

  • Sanghoon Ji,
  • Waqas Hassan Tanveer,
  • Wonjong Yu,
  • Sungmin Kang,
  • Gu Young Cho,
  • Sung Han Kim,
  • Jihwan An and
  • Suk Won Cha

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 1805–1810, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.184

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  • ]. Electrochemical evaluation Commercial AAO (Synkera, USA) membrane with the thickness of 100 μm and the pore size of 80 nm, as shown in Figure 5, was used as the porous substrate to support TF-SOFCs. Test cells with an active electrode area of 1 mm2 were attached to the custom-designed gas feeding chamber using a
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Published 27 Aug 2015

Atomic force microscopy as analytical tool to study physico-mechanical properties of intestinal cells

  • Christa Schimpel,
  • Oliver Werzer,
  • Eleonore Fröhlich,
  • Gerd Leitinger,
  • Markus Absenger-Novak,
  • Birgit Teubl,
  • Andreas Zimmer and
  • Eva Roblegg

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 1457–1466, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.151

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  • , was co-cultivated following previously described protocols [1][28]. Briefly, 5 × 105 Caco-2 cells (passage 8–20) suspended in 0.5 mL supplemented DMEM were seeded onto polycarbonate 12-well Transwell® filters (Corning Incorporated, USA; 3 µm mean pore size, 1.12 cm2 surface area). Caco-2 cells were
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Published 06 Jul 2015

Nanomechanical humidity detection through porous alumina cantilevers

  • Olga Boytsova,
  • Alexey Klimenko,
  • Vasiliy Lebedev,
  • Alexey Lukashin and
  • Andrey Eliseev

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 1332–1337, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.137

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  • μm thick cantilevers. SEM images of a six-cantilevers array (2 μm thickness) obtained through chemical photolithography: (a) general view, (b) porous structure of AAO cantilever with 30 nm average pore diameter and 105 nm average interpore distances and (c) pore size distribution. a) Frequency
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Published 16 Jun 2015

High photocatalytic activity of V-doped SrTiO3 porous nanofibers produced from a combined electrospinning and thermal diffusion process

  • Panpan Jing,
  • Wei Lan,
  • Qing Su and
  • Erqing Xie

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 1281–1286, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.132

Graphical Abstract
  • distribution. The pore size and diameter distributions were measured to be about 10–32 nm and 90–240 nm, respectively. Such a long fibrous and porous structure is beneficial to electron transfer, dye molecular absorption and the light utilization efficiency for a photocatalyst. In Figure 1b, the morphological
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Published 09 Jun 2015

From lithium to sodium: cell chemistry of room temperature sodium–air and sodium–sulfur batteries

  • Philipp Adelhelm,
  • Pascal Hartmann,
  • Conrad L. Bender,
  • Martin Busche,
  • Christine Eufinger and
  • Juergen Janek

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 1016–1055, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.105

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Published 23 Apr 2015

Silica micro/nanospheres for theranostics: from bimodal MRI and fluorescent imaging probes to cancer therapy

  • Shanka Walia and
  • Amitabha Acharya

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 546–558, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.57

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  • spheres. Both FE-SEM and TEM images suggested that the average diameter of the magnetite–mesoporous silica spheres was around 150 nm. The mesoporous property of the prepared NPs was demonstrated by N2 adsorption/desorption isotherm studies and the pore size was found to be ca. 3.5 nm. The drug release
  • folic acid. The average diameter of Fe3O4@SiO2 was found to be 40 ± 5 nm whereas the thickness of mesoporous silica was ca. 9 nm as studied by TEM. The Brunauer–Joyner–Halenda (BJH) pore-size distribution indicates that the hybrid nanocomposite material has uniform mesopores with an average pore size of
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Published 24 Feb 2015

Pulmonary surfactant augments cytotoxicity of silica nanoparticles: Studies on an in vitro air–blood barrier model

  • Jennifer Y. Kasper,
  • Lisa Feiden,
  • Maria I. Hermanns,
  • Christoph Bantz,
  • Michael Maskos,
  • Ronald E. Unger and
  • C. James Kirkpatrick

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 517–528, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.54

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  • % CO2 for 24 h prior to NP exposure to a confluent cell-layer. The coculture (CC) model of the air blood barrier: The coculture technique was performed as described by Hermanns et al. [17] with some alterations. HTS 24-Transwell® filters (polycarbonate, 0.4 µm pore size; Costar, Wiesbaden, Germany) were
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Published 20 Feb 2015

Electrical properties of single CdTe nanowires

  • Elena Matei,
  • Camelia Florica,
  • Andreea Costas,
  • María Eugenia Toimil-Molares and
  • Ionut Enculescu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 444–450, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.45

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  • [13]. This method allows for control of pore density by taking into account that each ion leaves a single, cylindrical track and pore size throughout the etching process. These parameters are usually chosen in connection with the desired final nanowire size and quantity. Electrochemical deposition is
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Published 12 Feb 2015

Palladium nanoparticles anchored to anatase TiO2 for enhanced surface plasmon resonance-stimulated, visible-light-driven photocatalytic activity

  • Kah Hon Leong,
  • Hong Ye Chu,
  • Shaliza Ibrahim and
  • Pichiah Saravanan

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 428–437, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.43

Graphical Abstract
  • prepared samples are purely in crystalline anatase phase with the absence of band at 445 and 612 cm−1 corresponding to the rutile phase [52]. BET surface area and XPS analysis The nitrogen adsorption–desorption isotherms and corresponding pore size distribution of the prepared samples are depicted in
  • Figure 5 and Figure S2 (Supporting Information File 1). As can be seen, all the samples possess a stepwise adsorption and desorption hysteresis, represented by type-IV isotherms, with the characteristics of a mesoporous material [53]. The variations in BET surface area, average pore size and pore volume
  • ) was used to acquire the Raman and photoluminescence (PL) spectra with the excitation wavelengths of 514 and 325 nm, respectively. Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) surface area, pore volume, and Barret–Joyner–Halenda (BJH) pore size distribution based on nitrogen adsorption–desorption isotherms were
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Published 11 Feb 2015

Nanoporous Ge thin film production combining Ge sputtering and dopant implantation

  • Jacques Perrin Toinin,
  • Alain Portavoce,
  • Khalid Hoummada,
  • Michaël Texier,
  • Maxime Bertoglio,
  • Sandrine Bernardini,
  • Marco Abbarchi and
  • Lee Chow

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 336–342, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.32

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  • the pore size allows for the control of the skeleton size, and thus should allow semiconductor band gap engineering, where the aim is the design of devices able to absorb or emit light at a tunable wavelength. Efficient visible electroluminescence has been achieved with porous Si for different
  • modification leading to an increase of the pore size. In addition, new types of clusters appeared on the surface (Figure 3.3). They are characterized by a surrounding trench that is typical of crystal growth which uses the surrounding material and is limited by atomic surface diffusion. At this thermal budget
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Published 30 Jan 2015

Synthesis of boron nitride nanotubes and their applications

  • Saban Kalay,
  • Zehra Yilmaz,
  • Ozlem Sen,
  • Melis Emanet,
  • Emine Kazanc and
  • Mustafa Çulha

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 84–102, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.9

Graphical Abstract
  • . synthesized BNNTs by means of microwave plasma at a temperature lower than 520 °C [40]. In this technique, a 6–100 nm pore size, aluminum oxide template was used along with microwave plasma. The BNNTs were grown on the surface of this template in the presence of B2H6/Ar and NH3/N2 at 10−4 Pa pressure at 520
  • °C. The diameter of the synthesized BNNTs was the same as the pore size diameter of the aluminum oxide template. The BNNTs were synthesized in a stainless steel autoclave at 380 °C from amorphous boron, NaN3, and CH3CN for 14 h. The obtained product was washed with ethanol, dried and a 5% BNNTs yield
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Published 08 Jan 2015

Manganese oxide phases and morphologies: A study on calcination temperature and atmospheric dependence

  • Matthias Augustin,
  • Daniela Fenske,
  • Ingo Bardenhagen,
  • Anne Westphal,
  • Martin Knipper,
  • Thorsten Plaggenborg,
  • Joanna Kolny-Olesiak and
  • Jürgen Parisi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 47–59, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.6

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  • definitions of porosity can be applied for the different manganese oxide species. The pore size distributions depicted in Figure 8b show a pore diameter distribution between 3 and 20 nm with a mean pore diameter of 8.2 nm for the Mn3O4 sample. The porosity of the Mn3O4 nanoparticles can be explained by
  • applied to the Mn5O8 sample exhibiting pore sizes between 3 and 5 nm with a comparably small mean pore size of 4.2 nm, probably due to the dense network of the particles observed in the TEM image (compared to Figure 7b). The α-Mn2O3 sample does not contain nanoparticles, but exhibits a pore size
  • the splinter-like pieces. A surface area of approximately 20 m2/g and pore diameters from 4 to 7 nm were also reported for Mn2O3 discs synthesized for the use as electrode material by Zhang et al. [17]. However, we believe a larger pore size to be advantageous for application as electrocatalysts, as
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Published 06 Jan 2015

Mammalian cell growth on gold nanoparticle-decorated substrates is influenced by the nanoparticle coating

  • Christina Rosman,
  • Sebastien Pierrat,
  • Marco Tarantola,
  • David Schneider,
  • Eva Sunnick,
  • Andreas Janshoff and
  • Carsten Sönnichsen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 2479–2488, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.257

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  • , the samples were rinsed three times with 3 mL of water to remove any particles that were not immobilized. Water was replaced by 500 μL of culture medium filtered through a sterile syringe filter with a 200 nm pore size to minimize the risk of large scattering centers, which could add background in
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Published 24 Dec 2014

Coating with luminal gut-constituents alters adherence of nanoparticles to intestinal epithelial cells

  • Heike Sinnecker,
  • Katrin Ramaker and
  • Andreas Frey

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 2308–2315, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.239

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  • were seeded at 7.5 × 104 cells/cm2 on transwell inserts of 24 well plates (polyester membrane, pore size 0.4 µm; Corning Life Sciences, Amsterdam, Netherlands) and cultured until the cells formed a confluent monolayer and further 7, 14 or 21 days. For transmission electron microscopical analysis, the
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Published 02 Dec 2014

The protein corona protects against size- and dose-dependent toxicity of amorphous silica nanoparticles

  • Dominic Docter,
  • Christoph Bantz,
  • Dana Westmeier,
  • Hajo J. Galla,
  • Qiangbin Wang,
  • James C. Kirkpatrick,
  • Peter Nielsen,
  • Michael Maskos and
  • Roland H. Stauber

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 1380–1392, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.151

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  • to link individual or multiple particle parameters, such as geometry, pore size or surface functionalization to the observed nanobiological effects. The negative zeta potential, hydrodynamic diameter and colloidal stability of the ASP dispersions were obtained in water, salt-containing buffer, and
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Published 27 Aug 2014

Effects of palladium on the optical and hydrogen sensing characteristics of Pd-doped ZnO nanoparticles

  • Anh-Thu Thi Do,
  • Hong Thai Giang,
  • Thu Thi Do,
  • Ngan Quang Pham and
  • Giang Truong Ho

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 1261–1267, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.140

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  • particle size. This includes the Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) surface area analysis and the Barrett–Joyner–Halenda (BJH) pore size and volume analysis. The obtained isotherms of the ZnO and Pd/ZnO samples prepared in ethanol (Figure 2) correspond to a type III isotherm in the Brunauer classification [17
  • were dispersed by using an 1800 grating monochromator (Horiba iHR550) and then detected by means of a thermoelectrically cooled Si-CCD camera (Synapse). X-ray diffraction patterns of ZnO and Pd/ZnO nanopowders. Typical nitrogen adsorption–desorption isotherm and BJH pore size distribution plots (inset
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Published 13 Aug 2014

Nanoporous composites prepared by a combination of SBA-15 with Mg–Al mixed oxides. Water vapor sorption properties

  • Amaury Pérez-Verdejo,
  • Alvaro Sampieri,
  • Heriberto Pfeiffer,
  • Mayra Ruiz-Reyes,
  • Juana-Deisy Santamaría and
  • Geolar Fetter

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 1226–1234, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.136

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  • attributed to the porous diameter, 3.7 nm. The smaller pores size promotes the slow release of water molecules, thus, the capillarity condensation is indeed favored. Kocherbitov et al. [18] proposed a water sorption mechanism, in SBA-15 and MCM-41, which is related to the pore size. Therefore, the sorption
  • 40 °C to 55 °C (equilibrium temperature). Therefore, the smaller pore size causes slow water diffusion. Conclusion Nanoporous composites were obtained from combinations of Mg–Al precursors of a hydrotalcite with SBA-15. The post-synthesis method is a simple and effective way to prepare composites
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Published 07 Aug 2014

Biomolecule-assisted synthesis of carbon nitride and sulfur-doped carbon nitride heterojunction nanosheets: An efficient heterojunction photocatalyst for photoelectrochemical applications

  • Hua Bing Tao,
  • Hong Bin Yang,
  • Jiazang Chen,
  • Jianwei Miao and
  • Bin Liu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 770–777, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.89

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  • increased thickness of nanosheets. Figure 4d presents the pore size distribution of CN, CNS and the CN/CNS heterostructure. It is clear that sulfur doping significantly increases the pore volume of micro- (smaller than 10 nm) and meso- (larger than 100 nm) pores, which could favor the photocatalytic
  • heterojunction. (a) FESEM image of CN/CNS heterostructure, (b) XRD and (c) nitrogen adsorption–desorption isotherms and (d) pore size distribution (insert) of CN, CNS and CN/CNS heterostructure. TEM (a) and HRTEM (b) images of a CN/CNS heterostructure. (a) Photoluminescence of CN, CNS and CN/CNS in aqueous
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Published 03 Jun 2014

Effects of the preparation method on the structure and the visible-light photocatalytic activity of Ag2CrO4

  • Difa Xu,
  • Shaowen Cao,
  • Jinfeng Zhang,
  • Bei Cheng and
  • Jiaguo Yu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 658–666, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.77

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  • hydrothermal methods. Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) surface area and pore size distributions Figure 4 shows the nitrogen adsorption–desorption isotherms and the corresponding pore size distributions of the as-prepared Ag2CrO4 photocatalysts. According to the Brunauer–Deming–Deming–Teller classification, the
  • isotherms of all Ag2CrO4 samples are of type IV, indicating the presence of mesopores (2–50 nm) [56][57][58]. Moreover, the shapes of the hysteresis loops are of type H3 at the high relative pressure range from 0.8 to 1.0, which suggests the formation of large mesopores and macropores [56]. The pore size
  • relative pressure (P/P0) range of 0.05–0.3. The desorption data was used to determine the pore size distribution through the Barret–Joyner–Halenda (BJH) method. The nitrogen adsorption volume at P/P0 of 0.994 was used to determine the average pore size. Zeta potential was measured by electrophoretic light
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Published 19 May 2014

Chemi- vs physisorption in the radical functionalization of single-walled carbon nanotubes under microwaves

  • Victor Mamane,
  • Guillaume Mercier,
  • Junidah Abdul Shukor,
  • Jérôme Gleize,
  • Aziz Azizan,
  • Yves Fort and
  • Brigitte Vigolo

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 537–545, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.63

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  • different reaction times (5 min, 10 min and 15 min) under cooling conditions to obtain a constant temperature of 200 °C and a pressure of 17 bar during the reaction. After the reaction, the nanotubes were filtered on a FG filter (pore size 0.2 µm) and washed with dimethylformamide (DMF) and methanol several
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Published 29 Apr 2014

Mesoporous cerium oxide nanospheres for the visible-light driven photocatalytic degradation of dyes

  • Subas K. Muduli,
  • Songling Wang,
  • Shi Chen,
  • Chin Fan Ng,
  • Cheng Hon Alfred Huan,
  • Tze Chien Sum and
  • Han Sen Soo

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 517–523, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.60

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  • dotted ring), that can be indexed to Ce7O12 and CeO2 (Figure 3b). Nitrogen sorption experiments were conducted to ascertain the average surface area and pore size distribution of the material. The nitrogen adsorption–desorption isotherm of the cerium oxide sample (Figure 3c) shows a type-II curve and the
  • surface area of the sample is 93 m2 g−1 as calculated by the Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) method. The average pore size determined by a Barrett–Joyner–Halenda (BJH) analysis is 3 nm, confirming the mesoporous nature of the cerium oxide sample. The photocatalytic behavior at visible-light irradiation of
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Published 24 Apr 2014

Modeling and optimization of atomic layer deposition processes on vertically aligned carbon nanotubes

  • Nuri Yazdani,
  • Vipin Chawla,
  • Eve Edwards,
  • Vanessa Wood,
  • Hyung Gyu Park and
  • Ivo Utke

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 234–244, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.25

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  • is the average pore size of the porous medium. As a first order approximation, we use Equation 10 and replace dpore with the average spacing between the CNTs in the array. If the CNTs have an areal density of σCNT (cm−2) and the radius r, the effective diffusion coefficient will be given by
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Published 05 Mar 2014
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