Size-dependent density of zirconia nanoparticles

• Agnieszka Opalinska,
• Iwona Malka,
• Wojciech Dzwolak,
• Tadeusz Chudoba,
• Adam Presz and
• Witold Lojkowski

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 27–35, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.4

• its density (Figure 7). The density of nano-ZrO2 with a grain size of about 10 nm is 10% less than the theoretical value for this oxide. The density of the powder with grain size 100 nm is close to that of the single crystal. Thus, the variation of density with particle size is a classical nano effect

Influence of the supramolecular architecture on the magnetic properties of a Dy^III single-molecule magnet: an ab initio investigation

• Julie Jung,
• Olivier Cador,
• Kevin Bernot,
• Fabrice Pointillart,
• Javier Luzon and
• Boris Le Guennic

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 2267–2274, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.236

• , France Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Aragon, CSIC–Universidad de Zaragoza, Pedro Cerbuna 12, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain Centro Universitario de la Defensa, Academia General Militar, Zaragoza, Spain 10.3762/bjnano.5.236 Abstract Single-crystal angular-resolved magnetometry and wavefunction-based

• SMM in which supramolecular effects impact the magnetic properties is investigated on the basis of single-crystal angular-resolved magnetometry and ab initio calculations. Results and Discussion We have focused our investigation on two DyIII-based complexes that were reported by some of us recently

• first investigation [12], we took advantage of the uniqueness of the molecule in the P–1 space group to perform single-crystal angular-resolved magnetometry for Dy1 (see Experimental section) as already done in the case of the YbIII derivative [39]. After indexation of the crystal faces through single

Spectroscopic mapping and selective electronic tuning of molecular orbitals in phosphorescent organometallic complexes – a new strategy for OLED materials

• Pascal R. Ewen,
• Jan Sanning,
• Tobias Koch,
• Nikos L. Doltsinis,
• Cristian A. Strassert and
• Daniel Wegner

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 2248–2258, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.234

• temperatures on submonolayer amounts of various square-planar Pt(II) complexes on a Au(111) single-crystal surface. These complexes coordinate a Pt atom to a tridentate ligand (TL, with substituents R1 and R2) and an ancillary ligand (AL, substituent R3), see Figure 1, and are known to be highly efficient

• (base pressure <10−10 mbar) using a commercial low-temperature scanning tunneling microscope (Createc LT-STM). The synthesis of the complexes is described elsewhere [32][33]. The sample preparation was done by repeated sputter-annealing cycles of the Au(111) single-crystal substrate followed by thermal

UHV deposition and characterization of a mononuclear iron(III) β-diketonate complex on Au(111)

• Irene Cimatti,
• Silviya Ninova,
• Valeria Lanzilotto,
• Luigi Malavolti,
• Luca Rigamonti,
• Brunetto Cortigiani,
• Matteo Mannini,
• Elena Magnano,
• Federica Bondino,
• Federico Totti,
• Andrea Cornia and
• Roberta Sessoli

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 2139–2148, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.223

• MHz, C6D6, 293 K, δ): 12.9 ppm (54 H, t-Bu) with mp 171–172 ºC. The unit cell of the crystals was checked by X-ray diffraction and found to coincide with that reported in the literature [42]. Sample preparation All UHV-based depositions were performed on a Au(111) single crystal. The surface was

Patterning a hydrogen-bonded molecular monolayer with a hand-controlled scanning probe microscope

• Matthew F. B. Green,
• Taner Esat,
• Christian Wagner,
• Philipp Leinen,
• Alexander Grötsch,
• F. Stefan Tautz and
• Ruslan Temirov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 1926–1932, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.203

• archetypal organic semiconductor 3,4,9,10-perylene tetracarboxylic acid dianhydride (PTCDA) on a single-crystalline Ag(111) surface [10] (see Figure 1a). An Ag(111) single crystal was cleaned by repeated Ar-sputtering and annealing cycles. A small coverage of PTCDA molecules (less than 10% of a monolayer

High speed e-beam lithography for gold nanoarray fabrication and use in nanotechnology

• Jorge Trasobares,
• François Vaurette,
• Marc François,
• Hans Romijn,
• Jean-Louis Codron,
• Dominique Vuillaume,
• Didier Théron and
• Nicolas Clément

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 1918–1925, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.202

• Best, The Netherlands 10.3762/bjnano.5.202 Abstract E-beam lithography has been used for reliable and versatile fabrication of sub-15 nm single-crystal gold nanoarrays and led to convincing applications in nanotechnology. However, so far this technique was either too slow for centimeter to wafer-scale

• -off processes are used. Immediately before evaporation, native oxide is removed with dilute HF solution to allow good electrical contact with the substrate. Single crystal Au nanodots can be obtained after thermal annealing at 260 °C during 2 h under N2 atmosphere. At the end of the process, these

Cathode lens spectromicroscopy: methodology and applications

• T. O. Menteş,
• G. Zamborlini,
• A. Sala and
• A. Locatelli

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 1873–1886, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.198

• carbide supports. These microscopy experiments have been carried out by using well-established methodologies, which were formerly developed for the analysis of ultra-thin metal films on single crystal surfaces [6]. These methods were soon adapted to the needs of the rising research field of graphene

• optics can be found in reference [25]. Electron source. The SPELEEM is equipped with an LaB6 thermionic emission cathode (Kimball Physics, model ES-423E, style 06-60). The emitter is a single crystal cut to a cone angle of 60° exposing a microfacet of 6 μm diameter as tip, which offers high electron

Synthesis of Pt nanoparticles and their burrowing into Si due to synergistic effects of ion beam energy losses

• Pravin Kumar,
• Udai Bhan Singh,
• Kedar Mal,
• Sunil Ojha,
• Indra Sulania,
• Dinakar Kanjilal,
• Dinesh Singh and
• Vidya Nand Singh

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 1864–1872, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.197

• AFM scans were made at a slower rate using a single crystal silicon tip. The apex of the tip has a radius of curvature of ≈10 nm and a locking frequency ≈350 KHz. For RBS measurements, 2 MeV He+ ions were bombarded onto the samples using the Pelletron Accelerator RBS-AMS System (PARAS) facility at

Carbon-based smart nanomaterials in biomedicine and neuroengineering

• Antonina M. Monaco and
• Michele Giugliano

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 1849–1863, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.196

• measurement of membrane potentials over a millisecond time-scale in real time. Hall et al. [137] recently proposed the use of a single crystal ND substrate containing a layer of NV as a non-invasive model for a detection set-up based on Förster resonance energy transfer and optically detected magnetic

Restructuring of an Ir(210) electrode surface by potential cycling

• Khaled A. Soliman,
• Dieter M. Kolb,
• Ludwig A. Kibler and
• Timo Jacob

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 1349–1356, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.148

• This study addresses the electrochemical surface faceting and restructuring of Ir(210) single crystal electrodes. Cyclic voltammetry measurements and in situ scanning tunnelling microscopy are used to probe structural changes and variations in the electrochemical behaviour after potential cycling of Ir

• anisotropically in a preferred direction and reach a height of about 5 nm after 4 h of cycling. The structural changes are reflected in variations of the electrocatalytic activity towards carbon monoxide adlayer oxidation. Keywords: CO adlayer oxidation; cyclic voltammetry; Ir(210) single crystal; potential

• , relations between the surface structure of an electrode and its activity for a given reaction are typically investigated in experiments by using clean and well-defined model systems, such as single crystal surfaces [4][5][6], epitaxially grown monolayers [7][8] or preferentially-shaped nanoparticles [9]. In

Topology assisted self-organization of colloidal nanoparticles: application to 2D large-scale nanomastering

• Hind Kadiri,
• Serguei Kostcheev,
• Daniel Turover,
• Rafael Salas-Montiel,
• Komla Nomenyo,
• Anisha Gokarna and
• Gilles Lerondel

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 1203–1209, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.132

• silsesquioxane (HSQ) posts, on the self-organization of polystyrene beads (PS) dispersed over a large surface. Depending on the post size and spacing, long-range ordering of self-organized polystyrene beads is observed wherein guide posts were used leading to single crystal structure. Topology assisted self

• analysis were used to characterize the morphology of the ordered surfaces. Finally, the production of silicon molds is demonstrated by using the beads as a template for dry etching. Keywords: assisted self-organization; dislocations; patterning; polystyrene beads; single crystal; Introduction The

• contains defects that limit its application. The purpose of using patterned substrates is to control these defects and obtain a single crystal structure on a large scale, however, this technique (grapho-epitaxy) works well only on a small scale. In this study, we concentrated on topology-assisted self

Functionalized nanostructures for enhanced photocatalytic performance under solar light

• Liejin Guo,
• Dengwei Jing,
• Maochang Liu,
• Yubin Chen,
• Shaohua Shen,
• Jinwen Shi and
• Kai Zhang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 994–1004, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.113

• located in ABO3 structures, and functionalized multicomponent ABO3 materials can thus be prepared by partial substitution of cations in A and B sites [46][47][48]. In this approach, we have successfully synthesized hexagonal single-crystal nanosheet-based NaSbO3 and AgSbO3 hierarchical cuboidal

• nanosheet-based hierarchical structure could be achieved over NaSbO3 and AgSbO3 photocatalysts. Meanwhile, the single-crystal nature can reduce the crystal defects leading to more efficient charge separation. The larger surface area provides more active sites for photocatalytic reaction. The exposed {001

Pyrite nanoparticles as a Fenton-like reagent for in situ remediation of organic pollutants

• Carolina Gil-Lozano,
• Elisabeth Losa-Adams,
• Alfonso F.-Dávila and
• Luis Gago-Duport

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 855–864, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.97

• crystallization progressed, some of the particles tended to reorganize, giving rise to single-crystal domains that extended to several particles. This feature is observable in the HR-TEM image (Figure 2c), in which two particles have self-assembled and their lattice fringes, corresponding to the (200) planes

Shape-selected nanocrystals for in situ spectro-electrochemistry studies on structurally well defined surfaces under controlled electrolyte transport: A combined in situ ATR-FTIR/online DEMS investigation of CO electrooxidation on Pt

• Sylvain Brimaud,
• Zenonas Jusys and
• R. Jürgen Behm

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 735–746, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.86

• possible to perform in situ spectroscopy (infrared reflection–absorption spectroscopy, IR-RAS) on single crystal surfaces, but the thin electrolyte layer precludes any significant mass transport [4][5][6]. On the other hand, mass transport of the electro-active species can be enforced and properly

• Miller index single crystal electrode contributions. For more details we refer to [24][25] and references therein. Briefly, and focusing on the most significant current features, the (111)-NC sample contains 70% of ca. 10 nm octahedrons and exhibits the most pronounced broad peak at ca. 0.50 V, which is

• of the different batches of nanocrystals (see Table 2). Including this, the measured values agree well with the trend expected from the Epztc values of the low-index Pt single crystal electrodes (0.15, 0.38 and 0.32 V for Pt(110), Pt(100) and Pt(111) in 0.5 M H2SO4, respectively [27]. Similar to the

Visible light photooxidative performance of a high-nuclearity molecular bismuth vanadium oxide cluster

• Johannes Tucher and
• Carsten Streb

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 711–716, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.83

• knowledge, 1 is the only reported example of a molecular bismuth vanadium oxide cluster. Briefly, single-crystal X-ray diffraction showed that the cluster is based on a central ortho-vanadate template (VO43−). Around this template, four so-called {V3} triads ({V3O13}) are assembled so that each oxygen atom

Nanostructure sensitization of transition metal oxides for visible-light photocatalysis

• Hongjun Chen and
• Lianzhou Wang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 696–710, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.82

• exchange method for binding CdSe quantum dots on single crystal TiO2 surface. They revealed that the different ligand modification methods can strongly affect quantum dots adsorption and thus photosensitized charge injection [55]. Yang et al. directly compared the in situ growth method and the ex situ

Towards precise defect control in layered oxide structures by using oxide molecular beam epitaxy

• Federico Baiutti,
• Georg Christiani and
• Gennady Logvenov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 596–602, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.70

• briefly review the ALL-oxide MBE technique and its unique capabilities in the deposition of atomically smooth single-crystal thin films of various complex oxides, artificial compounds and heterostructures, introducing our goal of pursuing a deep investigation of such systems with particular emphasis on

Encapsulation of nanoparticles into single-crystal ZnO nanorods and microrods

• Jinzhang Liu,
• Marco Notarianni,
• Llew Rintoul and
• Nunzio Motta

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 485–493, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.56

• Jinzhang Liu Marco Notarianni Llew Rintoul Nunzio Motta Institute for Future Environments and School of Chemistry, Physics, and Mechanical Engineering, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, 4001, QLD, Australia 10.3762/bjnano.5.56 Abstract One-dimensional single crystal incorporating

• functional nanoparticles of other materials could be an interesting platform for various applications. We studied the encapsulation of nanoparticles into single-crystal ZnO nanorods by exploiting the crystal growth of ZnO in aqueous solution. Two types of nanodiamonds with mean diameters of 10 nm and 40 nm

• -temperature aqueous solution growth of ZnO nanorods do not affect or cause degradation of the nanoparticles of either inorganic or organic materials. This new growth method opens the way to a plethora of applications combining the properties of single crystal host and encapsulated nanoparticles. We perform

Interaction of iron phthalocyanine with the graphene/Ni(111) system

• Lorenzo Massimi,
• Simone Lisi,
• Daniela Pacilè,
• Carlo Mariani and
• Maria Grazia Betti

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 308–312, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.34

• ) chambers with base pressures in the low 10−10 mbar range at the LOTUS laboratory of the Università La Sapienza (Roma). The Ni(111) single crystal was cleaned by several sputtering–annealing cycles (1 keV Ar+ for 30 min, 600 °C for 10 min). Graphene was obtained by exposing the sample, which was kept

• slightly below 600 °C to 6000 L of ethylene (1 L = 10−6 torr·s). The formation of graphene on the Ni(111) surface is complicated by the segregation of carbon from the bulk, because of the high solubility of carbon in Ni [18][19][20]. The Ir(111) single crystal was cleaned by several sputtering–annealing

En route to controlled catalytic CVD synthesis of densely packed and vertically aligned nitrogen-doped carbon nanotube arrays

• Slawomir Boncel,
• Sebastian W. Pattinson,
• Valérie Geiser,
• Milo S. P. Shaffer and
• Krzysztof K. K. Koziol

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 219–233, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.24

• performed on a Philips GEN4 diffractometer at 40 kV and 40 mA, which covered the 2θ angles from 8 to 60°. Cu Kα radiation (λ = 0.154 nm) was used. The nanotube powder sample was supported by a single crystal silicon holder. Injection c-CVD furnace and constant parameters for the synthesis of aligned N-CNT

Oriented attachment explains cobalt ferrite nanoparticle growth in bioinspired syntheses

• Annalena Wolff,
• Walid Hetaba,
• Marco Wißbrock,
• Stefan Löffler,
• Nadine Mill,
• Katrin Eckstädt,
• Axel Dreyer,
• Inga Ennen,
• Norbert Sewald,
• Peter Schattschneider and
• Andreas Hütten

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 210–218, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.23

• display similar sizes and shapes as their aggregates which can either be iso-oriented crystals or single crystals. These aggregates are formed in the self-assembly of the building blocks (and their fusion in case of the single crystal) [11][12] and are called secondary nanoparticles [12]. The metastable

The role of surface corrugation and tip oscillation in single-molecule manipulation with a non-contact atomic force microscope

• Christian Wagner,
• Norman Fournier,
• F. Stefan Tautz and
• Ruslan Temirov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 202–209, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.22

• . Experimental The details of PTCDA lifting experiments have been described previously [3][6][11]. Here we briefly repeat the essential features of the experimental procedure. We lift single PTCDA molecules (cf. inset of Figure 1a) from a Au(111) single crystal surface by using an LT-STM/NC-AFM from CREATEC [3

Some reflections on the understanding of the oxygen reduction reaction at Pt(111)

• Ana M. Gómez-Marín,
• Ruben Rizo and
• Juan M. Feliu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2013, 4, 956–967, doi:10.3762/bjnano.4.108

• defects and atoms at the surface correspond to the truncation of an ideal single crystal. This is valid for the basal planes as well as for stepped or kinked surfaces. Therefore, the predictions should be compared to experiments that were performed on equally ideal electrode surfaces, e.g., single crystal

• catalysts, the ORR starts in a potential range, in which the surface is covered, at least partially, with some oxygenated species and, because the adsorption of oxygenated species may disturb the surface order [2][3][4], this limits the use of single crystal surfaces to understand the reaction mechanism on

• necessary on well-ordered single crystal electrodes. Both Pt(111) spikes in perchloric acid (Figure 1A) and sulfuric acid (Figure 2) solutions should also be observed when the ORR is studied with the RDE configuration (Figure 3) [17][18]. Otherwise, the surfaces are probably contaminated with impurities

Adsorption of the ionic liquid [BMP][TFSA] on Au(111) and Ag(111): substrate effects on the structure formation investigated by STM

• Benedikt Uhl,
• Florian Buchner,
• Dorothea Alwast,
• Nadja Wagner and
• R. Jürgen Behm

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2013, 4, 903–918, doi:10.3762/bjnano.4.102

• temperature adsorption Previous STM studies by Waldmann et al. and by Foulston et al. on the structure and structure formation of IL thin films on single crystal substrates, specifically for 1-butyl-1-methylpyrrolidinium-tris(pentafluoroethyl)trifluorophosphate [BMP][FAP] adsorption on Au(111) [24] and for 1

Dynamic nanoindentation by instrumented nanoindentation and force microscopy: a comparative review

• Sidney R. Cohen and
• Estelle Kalfon-Cohen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2013, 4, 815–833, doi:10.3762/bjnano.4.93