Spindle-like MIL101(Fe) decorated with Bi₂O₃ nanoparticles for enhanced degradation of chlortetracycline under visible-light irradiation

• Chen-chen Hao,
• Fang-yan Chen,
• Kun Bian,
• Yu-bin Tang and
• Wei-long Shi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1038–1050, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.91

• use carbon nanotubes or carbon quantum dots to modify MIL101(Fe) to enhance its conductivity and broaden its visible-light response [37][38]. Another strategy is to construct MIL101-based heterostructures with the aid of narrow-gap semiconductors to promote the separation and transfer of

• Bi2O3/MIL101(Fe) heterojunction [57]. In the C 1s spectrum (Figure 4d), peaks at 284.8, 285.6, and 288.8 eV can be assigned to the carbon atom bond (C–C) in the benzoic rings and carbon organic linkers (C–O and O–C=O) of the H2BDC ligand, respectively [37]. Optical and electronic properties To

Electrocatalytic oxygen reduction activity of AgCoCu oxides on reduced graphene oxide in alkaline media

• Iyyappan Madakannu,
• Indrajit Patil,
• Bhalchandra Kakade and
• Kasibhatta Kumara Ramanatha Datta

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1020–1029, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.89

• effects, and carbon monoxide poisoning [16][17]. The electrocatalytic reactivity (mechanism and kinetics) of silver has similarities to that of Pt regarding the ORR performance, with considerably high onset potential, half-wave potential, current density, and number of transferred electrons. The important

• -workers reported the ORR activity of Ag–Co NPs dispersed on Vulcan XC72 carbon by incipient-wetness impregnation [22]. In general, the addition of a third metal to a bimetallic composition is considered to be an effective method to augment the absorption energy and improve the kinetics of the ORR [23]. Gu

• to the O–C linkage (Figure 6d). The peaks at 286 and 284.7 eV (Figure S10b, Supporting Information File 1) signify the graphitic nature of the carbon and C–O functional groups, respectively, which come from the supporting matrix. After successfully analysing the morphology and the active sites of ACC

Effects of focused electron beam irradiation parameters on direct nanostructure formation on Ag surfaces

• Jānis Sniķeris,
• Vjačeslavs Gerbreders,
• Andrejs Bulanovs and
• Ēriks Sļedevskis

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1004–1010, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.87

• emitted from an area much larger than the size of EB. The size of this area and the amount and energy of emitted SE depend on several factors, including the energy, current, and angle of incidence of the EB, as well as the material and thickness of the target [20][21]. The formation of carbon layers is a

• and prevent a buildup of carbon in the irradiated area. Baking can be used to desorb light molecules with a high vapour pressure at the baking temperature; however, it is a slow process. Plasma cleaning procedures can rapidly remove contamination; however, they can damage some sensitive samples [24

• ][25]. It should be noted that the growth rate of carbon layers under EB irradiation is also affected by the types of hydrocarbon molecules present in the vacuum chamber [26]. Normally, the deposition of carbon via focused EB irradiation is viewed as a simple addition of mass to the irradiated area

Bioselectivity of silk protein-based materials and their bio-inspired applications

• Hendrik Bargel,
• Vanessa T. Trossmann,
• Christoph Sommer and
• Thomas Scheibel

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 902–921, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.81

Solar-light-driven LaFe_xNi_1−xO₃ perovskite oxides for photocatalytic Fenton-like reaction to degrade organic pollutants

• Chao-Wei Huang,
• Shu-Yu Hsu,
• Jun-Han Lin,
• Yun Jhou,
• Wei-Yu Chen,
• Kun-Yi Andrew Lin,
• Yu-Tang Lin and
• Van-Huy Nguyen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 882–895, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.79

• Fenton method exhibits high oxidation capability and low selectivity for removing most organic substances. It can decompose organic pollutants into smaller organic molecules and generate carbon dioxide, water, and inorganic ions [17]. Generally, the ferrous ion employed in the Fenton reaction is from

• [24], carbon spheres [25], BiOBr [26], and Ag2CrO4 [27]) to form heterojunction structures or doping other atoms into LaFeO3 [28] are comprehensively developed. For instance, Orak et al. impregnated LaFeO3 or LaTi0.15Fe0.85O3 on the monolithic cordierite structure, which could provide light

• . EDS detection showed that the synthesized samples exhibited the accurate Fe/Ni atomic ratios as designed. The detailed EDS data was provided in Table S3. The lanthanum, nickel, iron, and oxygen were analyzed from the samples, and the carbon was detected from the carbon tape. MB removal test using

Temperature and chemical effects on the interfacial energy between a Ga–In–Sn eutectic liquid alloy and nanoscopic asperities

• Yujin Han,
• Pierre-Marie Thebault,
• Corentin Audes,
• Xuelin Wang,
• Haiwoong Park,
• Jian-Zhong Jiang and
• Arnaud Caron

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 817–827, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.72

• 1s orbital of carbon. We attribute these contributions (CO32−, C–C/C–H, and C–O) to contamination from the ambient. As mentioned above, we performed the XPS measurements on these liquid samples without prior Ar+-ion sputtering or further heating inside the vacuum chamber of the XPS instrument. Given

Optimizing PMMA solutions to suppress contamination in the transfer of CVD graphene for batch production

• Chun-Da Liao,
• Andrea Capasso,
• Tiago Queirós,
• Telma Domingues,
• Fatima Cerqueira,
• Nicoleta Nicoara,
• Jérôme Borme,
• Paulo Freitas and
• Pedro Alpuim

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 796–806, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.70

• sp2 carbon atoms [23], and its position displays a blueshift as the charge carrier concentration rises. That is, the frequency shift of the G band is proportional to |EF|, which sets the carrier concentration. Due to the method and materials employed for the graphene transfer being the same except for

• on the graphene surface mainly feature three peaks resulting from C–C bonds and carbon–oxygen-related bonds (i.e., methoxy and carboxy functional groups). After PMMA has been removed in the acetone bath, the peak of the C–H bond can rarely be observed because of a broader merger with the peak of sp3

• structure of PMMA. XPS C1s spectra of graphene samples transferred using (b) C4 and (c) B2. The normalized spectra are fitted by Gaussian–Lorentzian curves. The solid blue and grey fills identify, respectively, sp2- and sp3-hybridized carbon bonds in graphene, located at ca. 284.4 and 285.0 eV, respectively

Efficient liquid exfoliation of KP₁₅ nanowires aided by Hansen's empirical theory

• Zhaoxuan Huang,
• Zhikang Jiang,
• Nan Tian,
• Disheng Yao,
• Fei Long,
• Yanhan Yang and
• Danmin Liu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 788–795, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.69

• improved by adjusting the composition and type of solutions used in the liquid-phase exfoliation [15][16][17]. This theory has been successfully used for improving the exfoliation efficiency in several low-dimensional materials, such as carbon, graphene, metal oxides, and fibrous phosphorus. [18]. In a

Recent advances in nanoarchitectures of monocrystalline coordination polymers through confined assembly

• Lingling Xia,
• Qinyue Wang and
• Ming Hu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 763–777, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.67

• coordination polymer shells, flow syntheses have been used recently [107][108]. The encapsulation of networks can help to regulate the properties of monocrystalline coordination polymers. Bare or modified carbon nanotubes could be modified to allow coordination polymers to grow around [109][110]. This is used

• graphene oxide networks, (c) carbon nanotubes, and (d) boron nitride networks. Figure 4 was reprinted with permission from [111], Copyright 2021 American Chemical Society. This content is not subject to CC BY 4.0. (a) Schematic illustration of synthesis of SOM-ZIF-8. SOM stands for single-crystal ordered

• . Illustration of the possible structure of water inside the Ni–CN–Ni nanosheets. The green balls represent carbon. The red balls represent nickel. The yellow balls represent nitrogen. The blue balls represent oxygen. The gray balls represent hydrogen. Figure 9 was used with permission of The Royal Society of

Hierarchical Bi₂WO₆/TiO₂-nanotube composites derived from natural cellulose for visible-light photocatalytic treatment of pollutants

• Zehao Lin,
• Zhan Yang and
• Jianguo Huang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 745–762, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.66

• using a reference to the peak of the surface adventitious carbon (284.8 eV) in the high-resolution spectrum of the C 1s region. The N2 adsorption−desorption isotherms were recorded at −196 °C on a Micromeritics ASAP 2020 analyzer, while the specific surface area and pore distribution curve were

• homogeneous suspension. The suspension was then dropped onto an Al foil to be observed via field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), and onto a carbon-supported copper grid for examination via transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM

A nonenzymatic reduced graphene oxide-based nanosensor for parathion

• Sarani Sen,
• Anurag Roy,
• Ambarish Sanyal and
• Parukuttyamma Sujatha Devi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 730–744, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.65

• , selective, sensitive, and point-of-care (POC) analytical tools for monitoring environmental pollutants [2][11]. They can also detect residual OPs based on their electrocatalytic activity and affinity toward nanomaterials, such as nanoparticles, carbon nanomaterials, and metal oxides [11]. In a few reports

• , hybrid carbon nanomaterials such as ferrocene-thiophene modified by carbon nanotubes, zinc(II) phthalocyanine-boron dipyrromethene attached single-walled carbon nanotubes were used for the direct detection of pesticides [12][13][14][15]. So far, only limited electrochemical nanosensors modified by

• nanoribbons doped with silver nanoparticles, rGO doped with ZrO2, and CuO–TiO2 hybrid nanocomposites were proposed to detect methyl parathion [19][20][21][22]. Rajaji et al. (2019) modified glassy carbon electrodes with graphene oxide encapsulated 3D porous chalcopyrite (CuFeS2) nanocomposites to detect

Nanoarchitectonics of the cathode to improve the reversibility of Li–O₂ batteries

• Hien Thi Thu Pham,
• Jonghyeok Yun,
• So Yeun Kim,
• Sang A Han,
• Jung Ho Kim,
• Jong-Won Lee and
• Min-Sik Park

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 689–698, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.61

• -trip efficiency and cycling performance of nonaqueous lithium–oxygen batteries are governed by minimizing the discharge products, such as Li2O and Li2O2. Recently, a metal–organic framework has been directly pyrolyzed into a carbon frame with controllable pore volume and size. Furthermore, selective

• metallic catalysts can also be obtained by adjusting metal ions for outstanding electrochemical reactions. In this study, various bimetallic zeolitic imidazolate framework (ZIF)-derived carbons were designed by varying the ratio of Zn to Co ions. Moreover, carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are added to improve the

• electrical conductivity further, ultimately leading to better electrochemical stability in the cathode. As a result, the optimized bimetallic ZIF–carbon/CNT composite exhibits a high discharge capacity of 16,000 mAh·g−1, with a stable cycling performance of up to 137 cycles. This feature is also beneficial

Tunable high-quality-factor absorption in a graphene monolayer based on quasi-bound states in the continuum

• Jun Wu,
• Yasong Sun,
• Feng Wu,
• Biyuan Wu and
• Xiaohu Wu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 675–681, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.59

• change the structural parameters and the other is to add tunable materials, such as phase change materials, graphene, or liquid crystals. Among them, graphene has attracted much attention in optics and optoelectronics [30][31][32][33][34]. As a single layer of carbon atoms arranged in a honeycomb

Sodium doping in brookite TiO₂ enhances its photocatalytic activity

• Boxiang Zhuang,
• Honglong Shi,
• Honglei Zhang and
• Zeqian Zhang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 599–609, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.52

• ). (1) Brookite—platy grains. Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) results of platy grains (Figure 4b) indicate that Na can be well identified besides Ti and O (note that the characteristic peak of C comes from the carbon conducting resin, Al from the sample holder, and Si from the silicon wafer

• wafer pasted on an aluminum sample holder by a carbon conducting resin. The EDX spectra were acquired from individual morphologies or grains in the samples. Electron diffraction and high-resolution imaging experiments were carried out on a high-resolution transmission electron microscope (JEOL JEM-2100

A new method for obtaining the magnetic shape anisotropy directly from electron tomography images

• Cristian Radu,
• Ioana D. Vlaicu and
• Andrei C. Kuncser

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 590–598, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.51

• microscopy (STEM) operation mode, using the high-angle annular dark-field (HAADF) detectors and an appropriate camera length. The TEM specimen was prepared by a standard powder method, using a 300 Mesh, lacey Carbon, Cu grid. X-ray diffraction (XRD) has been performed on MNPs using a Bruker D8 Advance

Influence of thickness and morphology of MoS₂ on the performance of counter electrodes in dye-sensitized solar cells

• Lam Thuy Thi Mai,
• Hai Viet Le,
• Ngan Kim Thi Nguyen,
• Van La Tran Pham,
• Thu Anh Thi Nguyen,
• Nguyen Thanh Le Huynh and
• Hoang Thai Nguyen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 528–537, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.44

• to a uniform thin layer when changing the ED technique from potentiostatic (PS) mode to potential-reversal (PR) mode. This resulted in an improvement in PCE from 6.89% to 8.77% [24]. In general, above studies still have limits such as depositing MoS2 on graphene or carbon dots, instead of directly

Investigation of electron-induced cross-linking of self-assembled monolayers by scanning tunneling microscopy

• Patrick Stohmann,
• Sascha Koch,
• Yang Yang,
• Christopher David Kaiser,
• Julian Ehrens,
• Jürgen Schnack,
• Niklas Biere,
• Dario Anselmetti,
• Armin Gölzhäuser and
• Xianghui Zhang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 462–471, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.39

• simulations, we propose that these voids may correspond to free volumes inside a cross-linked monolayer. Keywords: carbon nanomembranes; electron-induced cross-linking; scanning tunneling microscopy; self-assembled monolayers; subnanometer pores; Introduction Electron-induced chemistry plays an essential

• create ultrathin carbon nanomembranes (CNMs) [25][26]. Depending on the precursor molecules and the exposure conditions, thickness [27], mechanical stiffness [28], and electronic transport characteristics [29][30] of CNMs can be tailored. Carbon nanomembranes have been applied as electron microscopy

• initiates a reaction with an adjacent molecule and generates another new radical carbon center, which may react with other molecules. According to Amiaud et al. [53], the formation of first radicals can be caused either by electronic rearrangement or dissociative electron attachment of the negative ion

Tubular glassy carbon microneedles with fullerene-like tips for biomedical applications

• Sharali Malik and
• George E. Kostakis

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 455–461, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.38

• /bjnano.13.38 Abstract Glassy carbon, in general, is made by the pyrolysis of polymeric materials and has been the subject of research for at least fifty years. However, as understanding its microstructure is far from straightforward, it continues to be an area of active research. Glassy carbon adopts

• the nanoarchitectonics concept of bottom-up creation of functional materials, we use methane rather than a polymer to form glassy carbon. Here we show that tubular glassy carbon microneedles with fullerene-like tips form when methane undergoes pyrolysis on a curved alumina surface. X-ray diffraction

• of these glassy carbon tubules shows long-range order with a d-spacing of 4.89 Å, which is indicative of glassy carbon. Raman spectroscopy shows the material to be graphitic in nature, and SEM shows the fullerene-like structure of the material. This work provides new insights into the structure of

A non-enzymatic electrochemical hydrogen peroxide sensor based on copper oxide nanostructures

• Irena Mihailova,
• Vjaceslavs Gerbreders,
• Marina Krasovska,
• Eriks Sledevskis,
• Valdis Mizers,
• Andrejs Bulanovs and
• Andrejs Ogurcovs

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 424–436, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.35

• ]. Nanostructured materials are widely used as the working surface of the electrode [47][48][49]. The most common are transition metal nanoparticles [33][37][50][51][52][53][54], carbon nanotubes [8], metal oxides [55][56][57][58][59][60][61][62][63][64], graphene [32][33], and ordered mesoporous carbon [38][65][66

A chemiresistive sensor array based on polyaniline nanocomposites and machine learning classification

• Jiri Kroutil,
• Alexandr Laposa,
• Ali Ahmad,
• Jan Voves,
• Vojtech Povolny,
• Ladislav Klimsa,
• Marina Davydova and
• Miroslav Husak

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 411–423, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.34

• 1999/2, 182 21 Prague, Czech Republic 10.3762/bjnano.13.34 Abstract The selective detection of ammonia (NH3), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), carbon oxides (CO2 and CO), acetone ((CH3)2CO), and toluene (C6H5CH3) is investigated by means of a gas sensor array based on polyaniline nanocomposites. The array

• (carbon nanotubes (CNT), SnO2, TiO2) materials in a gas sensors based on nanocomposite layers with good sensitivity, temperature stability, reversibility, which was operating at room temperature. Herein, we extended our study by applying other nanocomposite sensing layers, namely PANI/ZnO, PANI/WO3

• (nanopowder), PANI/WO3 (nanotubes), PANI/In2O3, PANI/C60 (fullerene), PANI/nanocrystalline diamond (NCD), and PANI/BaTiO3, deposited on a flexible sensor array platform with a new design. Seven different nanocomposite sensing layers deposited on the array were exposed to six different gases (ammonia, carbon

Electrostatic pull-in application in flexible devices: A review

• Teng Cai,
• Yuming Fang,
• Yingli Fang,
• Ruozhou Li,
• Ying Yu and
• Mingyang Huang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 390–403, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.32

• structure of the flexible devices. Nanoelectromechanical (NEM) switches made of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) [2][3][4], graphene (GR) [5][6][7], nanowires (NWs) [8][9][10], and other flexible materials are the most basic devices for a variety of component and system level applications, such as low-loss switches

• the first time. They used single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) to prepare a suspended cross bistable switch array. Table 1 summarizes the structures and the voltage of CNT-NEM switches described in the literature. In addition to bridge and cantilever structures, the vertical structure further

• , Kaul et al. [15][16] prepared a two-terminal SWCNT NEM switch. The response time of the switch is nanoseconds, and the voltage is 3.5–4.5 V. Cha et al. [21] prepared a multiwalled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) NEM switch. The switch length is 800 nm, the diameter is 20–40 nm, the initial gap is 40–60 nm, and

Micro- and nanotechnology in biomedical engineering for cartilage tissue regeneration in osteoarthritis

• Zahra Nabizadeh,
• Mahmoud Nasrollahzadeh,
• Hamed Daemi,
• Mohamadreza Baghaban Eslaminejad,
• Ali Akbar Shabani,
• Mehdi Dadashpour,
• Majid Mirmohammadkhani and
• Davood Nasrabadi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 363–389, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.31

• carbon, silicon, boron, and halloysite clay sheets and possess unique physicochemical properties. Among nanotube structures, much attention has been paid to carbon nanotubes (CNTs) because of their excellent mechanical and tensile strength properties, thermal and electrical conductivity, and high surface

• need to be functionalized through either harsh acid treatment or bioconjugation to increase their biocompatibility. It has been reported that COOH-functionalized single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) dispersed in hMSC media have the least toxicity to cells without adverse effects on the adipogenic

• rat model [126]. Zadehnajar et al. incorporated 0.5 wt % multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) into an electrospun PCL–gelatin (70/30) scaffold and evaluated its influence on the physical, chemical, and mechanical properties as well as cell response [127]. The addition of 0.5 wt % MWCNTs into the

Interfacial nanoarchitectonics for ZIF-8 membranes with enhanced gas separation

• Season S. Chen,
• Zhen-Jie Yang,
• Chia-Hao Chang,
• Hoong-Uei Koh,
• Sameerah I. Al-Saeedi,
• Kuo-Lun Tung and
• Kevin C.-W. Wu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 313–324, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.26

• -free; gas separation; interfacial synthesis; metal-organic frameworks; ZIF membranes; Introduction Carbon dioxide (CO2) is one of the major greenhouse gases emitted through human activities contributing to global climate change. According to United States Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA), CO2

• natural gas) with high efficiency is needed. Membrane-based separation offers a great potential for online CO2 sequestration in view of its high energy efficiency, small carbon footprint, and competitive cost compared to traditional separation processes, such as distillation and adsorption [5]. The

Systematic studies into uniform synthetic protein nanoparticles

• Nahal Habibi,
• Ava Mauser,
• Jeffery E. Raymond and
• Joerg Lahann

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 274–283, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.22

• were sputter coated with gold for 40 s using an SPI-Module Carbon/Sputter Coater, which is optimized for monolayer deposition. Typical fields of view (FOV) were 5 μm and pixel sizes were in the range of 2 nm. Collected images were semi-randomized; a random FOV was selected approximately near the center

Low-energy electron interaction and focused electron beam-induced deposition of molybdenum hexacarbonyl (Mo(CO)₆)

• Po-Yuan Shih,
• Maicol Cipriani,
• Christian Felix Hermanns,
• Jens Oster,
• Klaus Edinger,
• Armin Gölzhäuser and
• Oddur Ingólfsson

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 182–191, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.13

• the substrate, but the Mo, C and O signals dominate the contributions with 41.1, 37.7 and 20.5 atom %, respectively. This translates to an approximate elemental Mo/C/O composition of 2:2:1 as compared to the initial elemental composition of Mo(CO)6 of 1:6:6. We attribute the higher carbon content of

• contribution alone should not make the carbon content more than 5% higher than that of oxygen. Carbon deposition from the background gas was also considered, but EDX measurements of the surface exposed to the same electron dose as in the Mo(CO)6 deposition experiments showed insignificant carbon deposition

• , ruling out the background gas as the source of additional carbon in the deposit as compared to oxygen. The 2:1 Mo/O composition puts the average CO loss at 5.5 CO per Mo(CO)6 deposited, while the 1:1 Mo/C composition puts the average CO loss at 5.0 CO per Mo(CO)6. This is significantly higher than the CO