Density of states in the presence of spin-dependent scattering in SF bilayers: a numerical and analytical approach

• Tairzhan Karabassov,
• Valeriia D. Pashkovskaia,
• Nikita A. Parkhomenko,
• Anastasia V. Guravova,
• Elena A. Kazakova,
• Boris G. Lvov,
• Alexander A. Golubov and
• Andrey S. Vasenko

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1418–1431, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.117

• patterns on the surface of a 3D topological insulator (TI) [18]. The Josephson critical current demonstrates damped oscillatory behavior as a function of the thickness of the ferromagnetic layer in SFS Josephson junctions [19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39

• superconducting hybrid structures. For example, the DOS calculation is essential for the quasiparticle current computation in SIFS (where I denotes an insulating layer) [29][51][53][54][55][56][57] or SFIFS tunneling Josephson junctions [58]. Therefore, computation of the DOS is also needed for many actively

• spin–orbit scattering on the DOS behavior. Then, we provide a comparison with the exact numerical calculation using a self-consistent two-step iterative method. Furthermore, we briefly discuss the consequences of the different kinds of scattering on the current–voltage characteristics in SFIFS

LED-light-activated photocatalytic performance of metal-free carbon-modified hexagonal boron nitride towards degradation of methylene blue and phenol

• Nirmalendu S. Mishra and
• Pichiah Saravanan

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1380–1392, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.114

• separation. The photovoltage was measured to be 0.198 V for MBN-80 which is about 3.3 times more than that of HBN (0.06 V), depicting the superiority of MBN-80. Further, it generated a photo current density of 12.14 µA/cm2 which is three times greater than that of HBN (4 µA/cm2). Photocatalytic study of

Supramolecular assembly of pentamidine and polymeric cyclodextrin bimetallic core–shell nanoarchitectures

• Alexandru-Milentie Hada,
• Nina Burduja,
• Marco Abbate,
• Claudio Stagno,
• Guy Caljon,
• Louis Maes,
• Nicola Micale,
• Massimiliano Cordaro,
• Angela Scala,
• Antonino Mazzaglia and
• Anna Piperno

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1361–1369, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.112

• long) infected female insect vectors of the Phlebotomine subfamily (sandflies). It is an endemic disease in tropical and subtropical regions as well as in Southern Europe. According to the current WHO data, 50.000–90.000 new cases of visceral leishmaniasis [17] (the most severe form of this disease

Straight roads into nowhere – obvious and not-so-obvious biological models for ferrophobic surfaces

• Wilfried Konrad,
• Christoph Neinhuis and
• Anita Roth-Nebelsick

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1345–1360, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.111

• considered problem. With respect to the Salvinia hair, the combination of hydrophilic tip and superhydrophobic rest is difficult to realise, and particularly so for the current problem of protecting a metal body from hot iron. The working principle of Salvinia is based on a structural complexity that exceeds

Near-infrared photoactive Ag-Zn-Ga-S-Se quantum dots for high-performance quantum dot-sensitized solar cells

• Roopakala Kottayi,
• Ilangovan Veerappan and
• Ramadasse Sittaramane

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1337–1344, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.110

• energy are required to maintain the current lifestyle of the world’s population [1]. Our primary source of clean abundant energy is the sun. The amount of energy received from the sun is about twice of that obtained from all non-renewable resources. Photovoltaic (PV) cells or solar cells are considered a

Recent trends in Bi-based nanomaterials: challenges, fabrication, enhancement techniques, and environmental applications

• Vishal Dutta,
• Ankush Chauhan,
• Ritesh Verma,
• C. Gopalkrishnan and
• Van-Huy Nguyen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1316–1336, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.109

• photocatalysts, upgrading the photocatalytic ability, and understanding essential reactions of the photocatalytic process. This paper provides insights into the characteristics of Bi-based photocatalysts, making them a promising future nanomaterial for environmental remediation. The current review discusses the

Growing up in a rough world: scaling of frictional adhesion and morphology of the Tokay gecko (Gekko gecko)

• Anthony J. Cobos and
• Timothy E. Higham

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1292–1302, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.107

• exponent not significantly different from 1 [45][51]. One explanation for the difference between the current studies and the two former studies is that those included multiple types of toepads [50]. Predicted versus measured frictional adhesive force In addition to the morphological analyses and the

Enhanced electronic transport properties of Te roll-like nanostructures

• E. R. Viana,
• N. Cifuentes and
• J. C. González

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1284–1291, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.106

• ), nanorods (NRs), nanowires (NWs), nanobelts (NBs), nanotubes (NTs), nanoflowers (NFs) and chiral nanostructures [6][7][8][9][10]. Trigonal tellurium (t-Te) MLs have also been recently proposed as a silicon successor for nanoelectronics because of their high hole mobility and current density [3]. Combining

• nanostructures [11][12][13][14]. Te NTs have shown metallic character and decreasing electrical resistivity with temperature [11]. Te NWs encapsulated in boron nitride nanotubes have shown a large current-carrying capacity and p-type semiconducting characteristics, which can be reversed to n-type behavior after

Studies of probe tip materials by atomic force microscopy: a review

• Ke Xu and
• Yuzhe Liu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1256–1267, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.104

• keep its original shape. Low-resistance ohmic contacts between the metal surface and the PdNWCNT probe were confirmed. Moreover, repeated current flow and surface contact did not cause any damage to PdNWCNTs, indicating that the PdNWCNT probe is suitable for multi-probe conductivity measurement. In the

• and conductive materials at the nanoscale. Slattery et al. [46] describe the use of Pt/Ir conductive tips modified with single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs), a type of tip suitable for use in conductive imaging mode with high-sensitivity current acquisition AFM, which can also be applied to worn

• conductive coatings and regenerated broken tips. The Pt/Ir cantilever was modified with small bundles of SWCNTs by a manual attachment process and fixed using a conductive Pt pad. AFM images of the current and topography of the nanomaterial samples and non-homogeneous polymers were collected using this type

Application of nanoarchitectonics in moist-electric generation

• Jia-Cheng Feng and
• Hong Xia

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1185–1200, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.99

• to the surface charges. When the liquid moves in the microchannel, it will drag the diffusion layer ions to form a flowing current, thus creating a potential difference, namely the flowing potential between the two ends of the channel. In nanochannels, approximating the channel geometry to be

• is related to the rate of charge movement in the nanochannel. This, in turn, is related to the current density in the channel and has a direct contribution to the flow voltage at both ends of the channel. There is a requirement for the nanochannel radius in MEGs, which should be greater than the

• improve the efficiency of energy harvesting in MEGs, and a considerable number of studies have focused on nanomaterials [9][21]. The generation of a flowing current through the injection of water flow into carbon nanotubes was one of the initial studies of MEGs [4][5][10][22][23]. Since then, more works

Microneedle-based ocular drug delivery systems – recent advances and challenges

• Piotr Gadziński,
• Anna Froelich,
• Monika Wojtyłko,
• Antoni Białek,
• Julia Krysztofiak and
• Tomasz Osmałek

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1167–1184, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.98

• [111][112]. Another application for which MNs have great potential is vaccine delivery [113][114][115][116]. The use of MNs in ophthalmology can still be considered as a fledgling area, however, with great potential but also many unknowns. The presented review summarizes the current data on ophthalmic

• concluded from the presented studies, the current state of knowledge is related mostly to physicochemical parameters and the number of studies performed with the use of in vivo models is rather limited. It is also noteworthy that the available data refer to animals and, to the best of our knowledge, no

• the current research directions explored in the field of MNs investigated as drug delivery systems. As it was already mentioned, the presented studies indicate that these novel systems reveal an enormous potential related mostly to their minimal invasiveness and the possibility to administer them

Nonlinear features of the superconductor–ferromagnet–superconductor φ₀ Josephson junction in the ferromagnetic resonance region

• Aliasghar Janalizadeh,
• Ilhom R. Rahmonov,
• Sara A. Abdelmoneim,
• Yury M. Shukrinov and
• Mohammad R. Kolahchi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1155–1166, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.97

• oscillations. The role of the increasing superconducting current in the resonance region is clarified. Shifting of the ferromagnetic resonant frequency and the reversal of its damping dependence due to nonlinearity are demonstrated by the full Landau–Lifshitz–Gilbert–Josephson system of equations and in its

• difference with the magnetic moment of a ferromagnet in a φ0 junction leads to a number of unique features important for superconducting spintronics and modern information technology [1][2][3][4][5]. It allows one to control the magnetization precession by the superconducting current and affects the current

• –voltage (I–V) characteristics by magnetic dynamics in the ferromagnet, in particular, to create a DC component in the superconducting current [6][7][8]. A remarkable manifestation of this coupling is the possibility to stimulate a magnetization reversal in the ferromagnetic layer by applying a current

Rapid fabrication of MgO@g-C₃N₄ heterojunctions for photocatalytic nitric oxide removal

• Minh-Thuan Pham,
• Duyen P. H. Tran,
• Xuan-Thanh Bui and
• Sheng-Jie You

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1141–1154, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.96

• (d) indirect bandgap of the materials. 3D fluorescence scan of (a) MgO and (b) 3% MgO@g-C3N4. (a) Trapping test results of the materials and (b) detection of radicals over over 3% MgO@g-C3N4 by ESR. Comparison of photocatalytic NO removal of current photocatalyst systems under visible light

A cantilever-based, ultrahigh-vacuum, low-temperature scanning probe instrument for multidimensional scanning force microscopy

• Hao Liu,
• Zuned Ahmed,
• Sasa Vranjkovic,
• Manfred Parschau,
• Andrada-Oana Mandru and
• Hans J. Hug

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1120–1140, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.95

• Cantilever-based atomic force microscopy (AFM) performed under ambient conditions has become an important tool to characterize new material systems as well as devices. Current instruments permit robust scanning over large areas, atomic-scale lateral resolution, and the characterization of various sample

• . We further demonstrate that this instrument can be used for multimodal AFM operation, for example, to simultaneously map vertical and lateral forces and tunneling current signals with atomic resolution. It also permits the measurement of weak forces with high measurement bandwidths permitting the

• suspension springs that reach through cylindrical tubes running through the LHe tank and are mounted on top of the tank. Together with the Eddy current damping system mounted at the bottom of the cryostat, this provides excellent vibration isolation such that a tip–sample gap stability better than 1 pm can

Recent advances in green carbon dots (2015–2022): synthesis, metal ion sensing, and biological applications

• Aisha Kanwal,
• Naheed Bibi,
• Sajjad Hyder,
• Arif Muhammad,
• Hao Ren,
• Jiangtao Liu and
• Zhongli Lei

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1068–1107, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.93

• heteroatom doping, according to current research. Xie et al. used ethylenediamine (EDA) as a surface-passivating agent to obtain hydrophilic N-CDs via a facile hydrothermal method from highland barley. The reaction was maintained at 200 °C for 24 h. A high QY of 14.4% was obtained by using an optimal amount

Electrocatalytic oxygen reduction activity of AgCoCu oxides on reduced graphene oxide in alkaline media

• Iyyappan Madakannu,
• Indrajit Patil,
• Bhalchandra Kakade and
• Kasibhatta Kumara Ramanatha Datta

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1020–1029, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.89

• the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) in alkaline medium. Varying the Ag fraction in copper cobalt oxide has a significant influence on the ORR activity. At a ratio of 2:1:1, AgCuCo oxide NPs on rGO displayed the best values for onset potential, half-wave potential, and limiting current density (Jk) of

• effects, and carbon monoxide poisoning [16][17]. The electrocatalytic reactivity (mechanism and kinetics) of silver has similarities to that of Pt regarding the ORR performance, with considerably high onset potential, half-wave potential, current density, and number of transferred electrons. The important

• electrodeposition. Among the combinations, the Ag–Cu (3:1) alloy showed the better electrode catalytic activity and the highest onset (0.85 V vs RHE) and half-wave potential (0.76 V vs RHE) with a limiting current density of 4.19 mA·cm−2, along with an electron transfer value of 3.86 in 0.1 M KOH [21]. Linic and co

Numerical study on all-optical modulation characteristics of quantum cascade lasers

• Biao Wei,
• Haijun Zhou,
• Guangxiang Li and
• Bin Tang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1011–1019, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.88

• physics in QCL’s gain medium which consists of multiple of dielectric nanostructures with high refractive index under light injection, we modified the 1½-period model to calculate values of electron population and lifetime in each subband which is separated by the nanostructures, optical gain, current and

• the valence band electrons to transition to the conduction band and produce electron-hole pairs. The lifetimes of electrons and holes are quite different [22] and result in accumulation of holes, and then, in order to maintain electrical neutrality of the laser, the electrons in the current are added

• to the conduction band [23]. Moreover, the fluctuation of threshold current caused by the light injection is around tens of mA [19], which is much smaller than the threshold current. Therefore, all-optical modulation can only be achieved when the QCL works near or above the threshold. It is worth

Effects of focused electron beam irradiation parameters on direct nanostructure formation on Ag surfaces

• Jānis Sniķeris,
• Vjačeslavs Gerbreders,
• Andrejs Bulanovs and
• Ēriks Sļedevskis

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1004–1010, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.87

• irradiation and the material of the surface. However, the effects on growth dynamics of numerous irradiation parameters, such as beam current or angle of incidence, have not yet been studied in detail. We explore the effects of focusing, angle of incidence, and current of the electron beam on the size and

• shape of the resulting structures on an Ag surface. In addition, we investigate how the nitrogen plasma cleaning procedure of a vacuum chamber can affect the growth of these structures. A beam current of around 40 pA resulted in the fastest structure growth rate. By increasing the beam diameter and

• emitted from an area much larger than the size of EB. The size of this area and the amount and energy of emitted SE depend on several factors, including the energy, current, and angle of incidence of the EB, as well as the material and thickness of the target [20][21]. The formation of carbon layers is a

Influence of water contamination on the sputtering of silicon with low-energy argon ions investigated by molecular dynamics simulations

• Grégoire R. N. Defoort-Levkov,
• Alan Bahm and
• Patrick Philipp

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 986–1003, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.86

• depth. Investigations performed with low-energy argon ions [15][19][20] have shown that the current model describing the sputter yields and the sputtering processes (such as sputtering threshold and the amorphization process) does not fit with experimental data, leading to discrepancies that cannot be

• al. [37] can be used for a whole sample. However, in the current study the information on the transition of the crystal structure between different regions cannot be obtained. For these reasons, we developed our methodology (i.e., a bond-centric analysis based on the definition of regions

• be minimized in experiments, the incidence angle should be chosen in this range. In the current simulations, the water layer was added before the argon irradiation was started. When renewing the water layer during the irradiation process, as it happens during experiments, the partial sputtering yield

Theoretical investigations of oxygen vacancy effects in nickel-doped zirconia from ab initio XANES spectroscopy at the oxygen K-edge

• Dick Hartmann Douma,
• Lodvert Tchibota Poaty,
• Alessio Lamperti,
• Stéphane Kenmoe,
• Abdulrafiu Tunde Raji,
• Alberto Debernardi and
• Bernard M’Passi-Mabiala

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 975–985, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.85

• data, we have also plotted the experimental O K-edge spectrum of iron-doped zirconia (ZrO2:Fe) at x = 6 atom % Fe dopant concentration from [27] (Figure 3a). This previous experimental spectrum is very similar to the current theoretical ones since the Fe has oxidation states similar to Ni, although Fe

Comparing the performance of single and multifrequency Kelvin probe force microscopy techniques in air and water

• Jason I. Kilpatrick,
• Emrullah Kargin and
• Brian J. Rodriguez

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 922–943, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.82

• minimizing the required low VAC needed for operation in order to avoid the associated problems, for example, current flow, electrodeposition, or Faradaic reactions [9]. For this assessment, a number of simplifying assumptions have been made: (1) We use a simple spherical model of tip–sample capacitance [2

Efficiency of electron cooling in cold-electron bolometers with traps

• Dmitrii A. Pimanov,
• Vladimir A. Frost,
• Anton V. Blagodatkin,
• Anna V. Gordeeva,
• Andrey L. Pankratov and
• Leonid S. Kuzmin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 896–901, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.80

• determined by solving heat balance equations with account of the leakage current, sixth power of temperature in the whole temperature range, and the Andreev current using numerical methods and an automatic fit algorithm. Keywords: CEB; cold-electron bolometer; electron cooling; noise equivalent power

• cooling in the idle mode is from 300 to 100 mK [11][15]. At low temperatures, electron cooling by a factor of 4.7 has been achieved, cooling from 150 to 32 mK [9] and from 100 to 26 mK [10]. The current record for the electron cooling factor is presented in our previous work [7]. It is 5.3 for cooling

• from 256 to 48 mK with an unavoidable threshold of 42 mK due to the residual Andreev current. For our measurements, new samples with CEB arrays were deposited, using the equipment of the Center for Quantum Technologies at NNSTU n.a. R.E. Alekseev. These samples have normal metal traps, as well as

DNA aptamer selection and construction of an aptasensor based on graphene FETs for Zika virus NS1 protein detection

• Nathalie B. F. Almeida,
• Thiago A. S. L. Sousa,
• Viviane C. F. Santos,
• Camila M. S. Lacerda,
• Thais G. Silva,
• Rafaella F. Q. Grenfell,
• Flavio Plentz and
• Antero S. R. Andrade

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 873–881, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.78

• Departamento de Física, ICEx, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Avenida Presidente Antônio Carlos 6627, Belo Horizonte, CEP 31270-901, Brazil MedicOnChip, Parque Tecnológico de Belo Horizonte-BH-TEC, Rua Professor José Vieira de Mendonça 770, Belo Horizonte, CEP 31310-260, Brazil Current address: DTU

Numerical modeling of a multi-frequency receiving system based on an array of dipole antennas for LSPE-SWIPE

• Alexander V. Chiginev,
• Anton V. Blagodatkin,
• Dmitrii A. Pimanov,
• Ekaterina A. Matrozova,
• Anna V. Gordeeva,
• Andrey L. Pankratov and
• Leonid S. Kuzmin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 865–872, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.77

• current noise of 4–10 pA/Hz1/2. To optimize the receiver for better noise characteristics, we consider optimized CEBs with a single superconductor–insulator–normal (SIN) tunnel junction and a single superconductor–normal (SN) contact [12]. Combined together, they form a SINS structure. This solution can

• junction suppresses the Coulomb blockade, so the absorber volume can be decreased by a factor of four, leaving the capacitance unchanged. Therefore, the current responsivity is increased from 40–45 nA/pW to 80–100 nA/pW. Thus, the total NEP for this CEB concept should also be two times better than the

• an input current noise of the SQUID readout system in the worst case scenario of 10 pA/Hz1/2. If this noise is reduced twice (i.e., to 5 pA/Hz1/2) the minimal value of the total NEP for 200 SINS CEBs of 240 GHz frequency channel falls below 7 × 10−17 W/Hz1/2. In addition, the photon-noise limit can

Self-assembly of C₆₀ on a ZnTPP/Fe(001)–p(1 × 1)O substrate: observation of a quasi-freestanding C₆₀ monolayer

• Guglielmo Albani,
• Michele Capra,
• Alessandro Lodesani,
• Alberto Calloni,
• Gianlorenzo Bussetti,
• Marco Finazzi,
• Franco Ciccacci,
• Alberto Brambilla,
• Lamberto Duò and
• Andrea Picone

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 857–864, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.76

• sublimated by Knudsen effusion cells. The deposition flux was 0.5 ML/min, with 1 ML = 3.06 Å, as monitored by a quartz microbalance. C60 was evaporated on top of 1 ML ZnTPP/Fe(001)–p(1 × 1)O. STM images have been acquired at room temperature in constant-current mode with custom-made electrochemically etched

• the work function with respect to the bare surface. For the work function measurements, the sample has been biased with a voltage of 10 V to detect the onset of the secondary electrons. The onset position is determined as the intersection of the zero-current line and the tangent to the rising edge of