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Search for "cytotoxicity" in Full Text gives 188 result(s) in Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnology.

In vitro interaction of colloidal nanoparticles with mammalian cells: What have we learned thus far?

  • Moritz Nazarenus,
  • Qian Zhang,
  • Mahmoud G. Soliman,
  • Pablo del Pino,
  • Beatriz Pelaz,
  • Susana Carregal-Romero,
  • Joanna Rejman,
  • Barbara Rothen-Rutishauser,
  • Martin J. D. Clift,
  • Reinhard Zellner,
  • G. Ulrich Nienhaus,
  • James B. Delehanty,
  • Igor L. Medintz and
  • Wolfgang J. Parak

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 1477–1490, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.161

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  • clearly can trigger toxic effects in cells such as cytotoxicity, oxidative stress, (pro-)inflammation, and genotoxicity [150][151][152]. While again the detailed mechanisms are very complex and by far not understood in a comprehensive way, yet again there are certain characteristic features [153]. Toxic
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Published 09 Sep 2014

Protein-coated pH-responsive gold nanoparticles: Microwave-assisted synthesis and surface charge-dependent anticancer activity

  • Dickson Joseph,
  • Nisha Tyagi,
  • Christian Geckeler and
  • Kurt E.Geckeler

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 1452–1462, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.158

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  • studied by using pH-dependent zeta potential titration. Cytotoxicity studies revealed anticancerous effects of the AuNPs at a certain micromolar concentration by constraining the growth of cancer cells with different efficacies due to the use of different proteins as capping agents. The positively charged
  • AuNPs are internalized by the cells to a greater level than the negatively charged AuNPs. These AuNPs synthesized with protein coating holds promise as anticancer agents and would help in providing a new paradigm in area of nanoparticles. Keywords: anticancer; cytotoxicity; gold Nanoparticles; pH
  • targeted drug and gene delivery [29][30][31]. Hence, MTT assays were used to study the cell viabilities of fibroblasts and cancer cells after treatment with AuNPs to check the cytotoxicity and the anticancer properties of the AuNPs for their future biomedical applications. Results and Discussion Synthesis
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Published 04 Sep 2014

The protein corona protects against size- and dose-dependent toxicity of amorphous silica nanoparticles

  • Dominic Docter,
  • Christoph Bantz,
  • Dana Westmeier,
  • Hajo J. Galla,
  • Qiangbin Wang,
  • James C. Kirkpatrick,
  • Peter Nielsen,
  • Michael Maskos and
  • Roland H. Stauber

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 1380–1392, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.151

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  • aggregation. ASP affect cell vitality in a size- and dose-dependent manner To investigate the (patho)biological effect of the ASP, we used independent experimental approaches. As a rapid and inexpensive screening method for cytotoxicity, we first employed light microscopy to analyze morphological changes of
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Published 27 Aug 2014

Mimicking exposures to acute and lifetime concentrations of inhaled silver nanoparticles by two different in vitro approaches

  • Fabian Herzog,
  • Kateryna Loza,
  • Sandor Balog,
  • Martin J. D. Clift,
  • Matthias Epple,
  • Peter Gehr,
  • Alke Petri-Fink and
  • Barbara Rothen-Rutishauser

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 1357–1370, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.149

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  • [1][11][15]. It has been reported that cytotoxicity and (pro)-inflammatory cytokine release could be observed upon in vitro exposures of Ag NPs to a variety of cell types including immune cells (such as macrophages and monocytes [19][20][21]) and epithelial lung cells [22][23][24]. Furthermore
  • layer of the triple cell co-culture model, which is a similar pattern as we have observed for Ag NPs exposed to cells at the ALI [44]. To reduce misinterpretation due to staining artefacts [48], samples were treated with uranyl acetate only, without lead citrate. Cytotoxicity As described in [44], we
  • cytotoxicity, nor could an alteration of cytokine release and oxidative stress marker expression be detected. In the current study, it has been observed, however, that an exposure to 0.3 µg Ag/cm2 100 nm PVP-coated Ag NPs lead to an increase of cytokine expression. An increase could only be observed after 4 h
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Published 26 Aug 2014

PEGylated versus non-PEGylated magnetic nanoparticles as camptothecin delivery system

  • Paula M. Castillo,
  • Mario de la Mata,
  • Maria F. Casula,
  • José A. Sánchez-Alcázar and
  • Ana P. Zaderenko

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 1312–1319, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.144

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  • coating further reduces SPION cytotoxicity [36]. Moreover, PEGylated CPT has demonstrated its capability to lock the CPT E ring in its desired active lactone configuration [37]. Herein, we report a simple method to synthesise PEG-coated ultrasmall magnetite (USM) nanoparticles, and we examine the ability
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Published 19 Aug 2014

Optimizing the synthesis of CdS/ZnS core/shell semiconductor nanocrystals for bioimaging applications

  • Li-wei Liu,
  • Si-yi Hu,
  • Ying Pan,
  • Jia-qi Zhang,
  • Yue-shu Feng and
  • Xi-he Zhang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 919–926, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.105

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  • µg/mL. This experiment demonstrates the minimal cytotoxicity associated with these nanoparticle formulations. For the bioimaging study, it is well known the cell membrane folate receptor is a potential molecular target for tumor-selective drug delivery, and the folate conjugates can be used to target
  • for in vitro and in vivo studies. In addition, from our study of cell viability, the prepared ternary nanocrystals were shown to have a low cytotoxicity. Given their biocompatibility and the high efficiency in relation to targeted delivery, these nanoparticles have great potential to serve as a new
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Published 27 Jun 2014

Antimicrobial nanospheres thin coatings prepared by advanced pulsed laser technique

  • Alina Maria Holban,
  • Valentina Grumezescu,
  • Alexandru Mihai Grumezescu,
  • Bogdan Ştefan Vasile,
  • Roxana Truşcă,
  • Rodica Cristescu,
  • Gabriel Socol and
  • Florin Iordache

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 872–880, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.99

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  • coatings containing spheres with diameters within the range of 180–1,000 nm [34][38]. Cytotoxicity assays revealed that the prepared nano-coatings have a great biocompatibility, and support the growth of endothelial cell cultures. The cell tracker RED CMTPX fluorophore showed that the endothelial cells are
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Published 18 Jun 2014

Injection of ligand-free gold and silver nanoparticles into murine embryos does not impact pre-implantation development

  • Ulrike Taylor,
  • Wiebke Garrels,
  • Annette Barchanski,
  • Svea Peterson,
  • Laszlo Sajti,
  • Andrea Lucas-Hahn,
  • Lisa Gamrad,
  • Ulrich Baulain,
  • Sabine Klein,
  • Wilfried A. Kues,
  • Stephan Barcikowski and
  • Detlef Rath

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 677–688, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.80

Graphical Abstract
  • to the cytotoxicity of silver ions [42]. In order to exclude any cross-effects of stabilizers or reducing agents, which are difficult to exclude in precursor-based chemically produced gold and silver nanoparticles, the particles for this study were synthesized by laser ablation of a bulk solid target
  • for instance after exposure of nanoparticles to blood plasma and are the result of protein adsorption to the particle surface [66]. These coronas largely define the biological identity of the particle [67][68]. They have also been reported to reduce the cytotoxicity of nanomaterials [69][70
  • potential has been reported to influence cytotoxicity [74][75] as well as colloidal stability [76], which in turn has also been noted to impact the toxicity of nanoparticles [40][41]. In general, it can be said, that a high positive zeta potential as well as a high colloidal stability are connected to an
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Published 21 May 2014

In vitro toxicity and bioimaging studies of gold nanorods formulations coated with biofunctional thiol-PEG molecules and Pluronic block copolymers

  • Tianxun Gong,
  • Douglas Goh,
  • Malini Olivo and
  • Ken-Tye Yong

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 546–553, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.64

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  • Singapore School of Physics, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland 10.3762/bjnano.5.64 Abstract In this work, we investigated the cytotoxicity, colloidal stability and optical property of gold nanorods before and after functionalizing them with thiolated PEG and Pluronic triblock copolymer (PEO
  • surface is unfeasible as this will render the gold nanorods structurally unstable, causing the aggregation of particles. Here, we investigate the individual use of thiolated PEG and PEO–PPO–PEO as capping agents to reduce the cytotoxicity of gold nanorods formulation, while maintaining the optical
  • hydrophilic and positively charge [18][19]. Therefore, a surface functionalization platform is needed to furnish a AuNR surface with a biocompatible polymer-coating for reducing their cytotoxicity while maintaining colloidal stability and allowing them to be conjugated for biomedical applications. Bio
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Published 30 Apr 2014

Near-infrared dye loaded polymeric nanoparticles for cancer imaging and therapy and cellular response after laser-induced heating

  • Tingjun Lei,
  • Alicia Fernandez-Fernandez,
  • Romila Manchanda,
  • Yen-Chih Huang and
  • Anthony J. McGoron

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 313–322, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.35

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  • two different modes of heating. The cytotoxicity of NPs after laser/NP HT resulted in higher cell killing compared to incubator HT. The ROS level was highly elevated under incubator HT, but remained at the baseline level under the laser/NP HT. Our results show that elevated ROS expression inside the
  • accommodate for the utilization at 42 °C (CEM42) with a smaller empirical value R = 0.25. Laser/NP HT for 3 min with 5 µM IR820-PGMD NPs produced a much lower thermal dose (CEM42 = 3.06 min) as compared to the 42 °C incubator HT treatment (CEM42 = 25.98 min) over 1 h. Cytotoxicity study Our group previously
  • concentration of 0.05 mg/mL IR820-PGMD NPs (containing approximately 5 μM IR820) in the current study and compared it to the incubator treatment. Figure 2 shows the results of the cytotoxicity study in MES-SA and Dx5. As seen in the figure, laser exposure without concomitant exposure to IR820 did not
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Published 18 Mar 2014

Cytotoxic and proinflammatory effects of PVP-coated silver nanoparticles after intratracheal instillation in rats

  • Nadine Haberl,
  • Stephanie Hirn,
  • Alexander Wenk,
  • Jörg Diendorf,
  • Matthias Epple,
  • Blair D. Johnston,
  • Fritz Krombach,
  • Wolfgang G. Kreyling and
  • Carsten Schleh

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2013, 4, 933–940, doi:10.3762/bjnano.4.105

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  • AgNP can induce moderate pulmonary toxicity, but only at rather high concentrations. Keywords: cytotoxicity; inflammation; pulmonary toxicity; silver nanoparticles; Introduction Silver nanoparticles (AgNP) are among the most promising nanomaterials, and their usage in medical applications and
  • aim of the current study was to assess the adverse health effects of AgNP in vivo, more specifically, after the intratracheal instillation in rats, with a focus on cytotoxicity and cytokine induction. Therefore, monodisperse polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP)-coated AgNP (70 nm mean diameter) were instilled
  • , with a focus on cytotoxicity and cytokine induction. Here, we demonstrate that the intratracheal instillation of 250 µg, but not of 50 µg, of monodisperse PVP-coated 70 nm AgNP in rats caused cytotoxic and inflammatory responses of the lungs, as shown by elevated BALF LDH, protein, and cytokine levels
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Published 19 Dec 2013

Molecular dynamics simulations of mechanical failure in polymorphic arrangements of amyloid fibrils containing structural defects

  • Hlengisizwe Ndlovu,
  • Alison E. Ashcroft,
  • Sheena E. Radford and
  • Sarah A. Harris

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2013, 4, 429–440, doi:10.3762/bjnano.4.50

Graphical Abstract
  • homogeneous fibrils [32][33]. Consequently, the propensity of amyloid fibrils to form defects may also play a role in their cytotoxicity. Experimental Construction of polymorph models The models of the parallel and antiparallel (Class1-P & Class6-AP) fibril structures were built from coordinate files
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Published 04 Jul 2013

Magnetic-Fe/Fe3O4-nanoparticle-bound SN38 as carboxylesterase-cleavable prodrug for the delivery to tumors within monocytes/macrophages

  • Hongwang Wang,
  • Tej B. Shrestha,
  • Matthew T. Basel,
  • Raj K. Dani,
  • Gwi-Moon Seo,
  • Sivasai Balivada,
  • Marla M. Pyle,
  • Heidy Prock,
  • Olga B. Koper,
  • Prem S. Thapa,
  • David Moore,
  • Ping Li,
  • Viktor Chikan,
  • Deryl L. Troyer and
  • Stefan H. Bossmann

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2012, 3, 444–455, doi:10.3762/bjnano.3.51

Graphical Abstract
  • , severe side effects, such as life-threatening diarrhea and neutropenia, have been observed [14][15]. SN38 is a topoisomerase I inhibitor, and it has demonstrated 100- to 1000-fold more cytotoxicity against various cancer cells in vitro than CPT-11 [6]. Despite the excellent anticancer potential, SN38 has
  • tissue have been observed [22]. Liposome encapsulation of SN38 (LE-SN38) enhances the solubility of SN38 and provides protection from rapid drug degradation. Increased cytotoxicity against various tumor cell lines and better therapeutic efficacy in xenograft mouse models, as compared to CPT-11, have been
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Published 13 Jun 2012
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