Fingerprints of a size-dependent crossover in the dimensionality of electronic conduction in Au-seeded Ge nanowires

• Maria Koleśnik-Gray,
• Gillian Collins,
• Justin D. Holmes and
• Vojislav Krstić

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1574–1578, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.151

• Ireland 10.3762/bjnano.7.151 Abstract We studied the electrical transport properties of Au-seeded germanium nanowires with radii ranging from 11 to 80 nm at ambient conditions. We found a non-trivial dependence of the electrical conductivity, mobility and carrier density on the radius size. In particular

• measuring the electrical conductivity, σNW, and field effect mobility, μNW, we were able to identify the dominant scattering mechanisms and the R-dependence of the electrostatic screening length. Ge NWs used in this study were synthesized at 400 °C on anodized alumina supports using a Au nanoparticle seeded

• -type charge transport. Inset: four-point current–voltage characteristic of the same NW. Radius-dependent charge transport properties in Ge NWs. (a) Electrical conductivity, (b) mobility and (c) charge carrier density as function of the NW radius R. Dotted lines in (a) and (b) are a guide to the eye

Fabrication and characterization of branched carbon nanostructures

• Sharali Malik,
• Yoshihiro Nemoto,
• Hongxuan Guo,
• Katsuhiko Ariga and
• Jonathan P. Hill

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1260–1266, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.116

• offer benefits for applications such as transport, energy storage/conversion and bone/tooth replacement. Hence, the mechanical properties of CNTs are utilized in reinforcing polymer composites [1][2][3][4], and their electrical conductivity is utilized for conducting polymers [4][5][6]. Under tensile

• opens promising avenues for the development and manufacturing of nanocarbon composites for a variety of commercial applications. The fabrication and testing of composite materials with branched MWCNTs as well as measurements of electrical conductivity are currently in progress. Experimental The MWCNTs

Reasons and remedies for the agglomeration of multilayered graphene and carbon nanotubes in polymers

• Rasheed Atif and
• Fawad Inam

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1174–1196, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.109

Dielectrophoresis of gold nanoparticles conjugated to DNA origami structures

• Anja Henning-Knechtel,
• Matthew Wiens,
• Mathias Lakatos,
• Andreas Heerwig,
• Frieder Ostermaier,
• Nora Haufe and
• Michael Mertig

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 948–956, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.87

• electrically contacted outside the liquid volume with tungsten needles that are connected to a frequency and voltage synthesizer. DEP is influenced by the complex permittivity of the manipulating object () and its surrounding medium (). This parameter is at low and high frequencies a function of the electrical

• conductivity, σ, and the dielectric constant, ε, respectively [31]. It applies that for pDEP has to be larger than . Since the ε of water is approximately 8-fold larger than that of DNA, we expect pDEP only to occur in the σ-dominated range at σp >> σm. In order to ensure this condition, the as-prepared 6HB

Noncontact atomic force microscopy III

• Mehmet Z. Baykara and
• Udo D. Schwarz

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 946–947, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.86

• tunneling microscopy (STM) relies on quantum mechanical tunneling of electrons to enable the atomic-resolution imaging of (semi-)conducting sample surfaces, it was the atomic force microscope (AFM) that eventually allowed for nanometer-scale imaging of sample surfaces with no limitations on electrical

• conductivity. As such, the method was widely adopted shortly after its introduction in 1986 and today it is not unusual to have multiple AFMs available at research universities and R&D departments of industrial companies. Despite their widespread use, a major drawback of traditional AFM instruments is the fact

Optical absorption signature of a self-assembled dye monolayer on graphene

• Tessnim Sghaier,
• Sylvain Le Liepvre,
• Céline Fiorini,
• Ludovic Douillard and
• Fabrice Charra

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 862–868, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.78

• offers opportunities for advanced optical characterizations in a transmission geometry, such as polarized variable-incidence transmission spectroscopy. In addition, the electrical conductivity of a CVD graphene monolayer is sufficiently high to apply scanning tunnelling microscopy (STM) and thus

Orientation of FePt nanoparticles on top of a-SiO₂/Si(001), MgO(001) and sapphire(0001): effect of thermal treatments and influence of substrate and particle size

• Martin Schilling,
• Paul Ziemann,
• Zaoli Zhang,
• Johannes Biskupek,
• Ute Kaiser and
• Ulf Wiedwald

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 591–604, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.52

• FePt particles on MgO(001). The enhanced sharpness of the rings can be attributed to an improved crystallinity of the nanoparticles after annealing at 650 °C, but also to decreasing charging effects due to the formation of surface defects in the MgO substrate leading to better electrical conductivity

Synthesis and applications of carbon nanomaterials for energy generation and storage

• Marco Notarianni,
• Jinzhang Liu,
• Kristy Vernon and
• Nunzio Motta

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 149–196, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.17

Evaluation of gas-sensing properties of ZnO nanostructures electrochemically doped with Au nanophases

• Elena Dilonardo,
• Michele Penza,
• Marco Alvisi,
• Cinzia Di Franco,
• Francesco Palmisano,
• Luisa Torsi and
• Nicola Cioffi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 22–31, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.3

• possibly related to transducer function. Rai et al. [5] reported that the presence of a great number of grain boundaries in ZnO nanospheres acts as a highly resistive barrier, inducing the increase of the overall device resistance, since the electrical conductivity is equally influenced by the density and

Electroviscous effect on fluid drag in a microchannel with large zeta potential

• Dalei Jing and
• Bharat Bhushan

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 2207–2216, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.226

• EDL is first analytically solved. Then, the modified Navier–Stokes equation for the flow considering the effect of surface charge on the electrical conductivity of the electrolyte and slip length is analytically solved. This analysis is used to study the effect of non-overlapping EDL with large zeta

• microchannel using the Debye–Hückel approximation. Soong et al. [22] studied the electroviscous effect of EDL on fluid flow in a hydrophobic microchannel with slip-dependent zeta potential. Ban et al. [23] studied the effect of the overlapped EDL with symmetric zeta potential on the electrical conductivity and

• electroosmotic and pressure-driven flow in a microchannel with no slip condition. In addition, the electrical conductivity of the electrolyte is related to the ionic concentration of the electrolyte, thus, the ions redistribution caused by the charged solid–liquid interface results in the change of the

Electrochemical behavior of polypyrrol/AuNP composites deposited by different electrochemical methods: sensing properties towards catechol

• Celia García-Hernández,
• Cristina García-Cabezón,
• Cristina Medina-Plaza,
• Fernando Martín-Pedrosa,
• Yolanda Blanco,
• José Antonio de Saja and
• María Luz Rodríguez-Méndez

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 2052–2061, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.209

• due to its good electrical conductivity and redox properties [1][2]. Ppy films can be easily generated by electropolymerization and used as a strong adherent layer using different electrochemical techniques [3]. Electrodes that are chemically modified with Ppy have good electrocatalytic activity. For

Nitrogen-doped graphene films from chemical vapor deposition of pyridine: influence of process parameters on the electrical and optical properties

• Andrea Capasso,
• Theodoros Dikonimos,
• Francesca Sarto,
• Alessio Tamburrano,
• Giovanni De Bellis,
• Maria Sabrina Sarto,
• Giuliana Faggio,
• Angela Malara,
• Giacomo Messina and
• Nicola Lisi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 2028–2038, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.206

• and gas flow) have on the morphology, transmittance, and electrical conductivity of the graphene films grown with pyridine. A temperature range between 930 and 1070 °C was explored and the results were compared to those of pristine graphene grown by ethanol-CVD under the same process conditions. The

• films were characterized by atomic force microscopy, Raman and X-ray photoemission spectroscopy. The optical transmittance and electrical conductivity of the films were measured to evaluate their performance as transparent conductive electrodes. Graphene films grown by pyridine reached an electrical

• conductivity of 14.3 × 105 S/m. Such a high conductivity seems to be associated with the electronic doping induced by substitutional nitrogen atoms. In particular, at 930 °C the nitrogen/carbon ratio of pyridine-grown graphene reaches 3%, and its electrical conductivity is 40% higher than that of pristine

Imaging of carbon nanomembranes with helium ion microscopy

• André Beyer,
• Henning Vieker,
• Robin Klett,
• Hanno Meyer zu Theenhausen,
• Polina Angelova and
• Armin Gölzhäuser

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 1712–1720, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.175

• SAM and can span macroscopic areas; thus far, freestanding CNMs of up to 0.5 × 0.5 mm2 have been fabricated. The electrical conductivity of the CNM can also be tailored, as pyrolysis results in a gradual transformation into graphene [4][5][6]. CNMs have potential for many technical applications, such

• grid on top of a deep cavity that acts like a Faraday cup. The presented systematic evaluation of membrane charging might enable the electrical conductivity of arbitrary 2D objects to be determined. The optimized HIM imaging of insulating membranes requires electron-flood-gun-based charge compensation

Radiation losses in the microwave K_u band in magneto-electric nanocomposites

• Talwinder Kaur,
• Sachin Kumar,
• Jyoti Sharma and
• A. K. Srivastava

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 1700–1707, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.173

• ]. Polyaniline has caught much attention because of its environmental stability, easy synthesis process and high electrical conductivity. From the magnetic point of view, hexaferrite can play a key role with high saturation magnetization and coercivity. The magnetic loss of hexaferrite and the electric loss of

Current–voltage characteristics of manganite–titanite perovskite junctions

• Benedikt Ifland,
• Patrick Peretzki,
• Birte Kressdorf,
• Philipp Saring,
• Andreas Kelling,
• Michael Seibt and
• Christian Jooss

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 1467–1484, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.152

• electronic bandwidths. The doping of such semiconductors allows for the variation in the electrical conductivity and character of the charge carriers. In this way, junctions based on p- or n-doped materials can be tailored. In these materials, the charge carriers are quasi-free, that is, the effective mass

• are related to the differences in the chemical and electrical potentials, respectively. In electrochemical equilibrium, there is a balance of these two currents and no net charge current, JC, flows: Here σe/h is the contribution of electrons and holes to the electrical conductivity, ηe/h is the

Heterometal nanoparticles from Ru-based molecular clusters covalently anchored onto functionalized carbon nanotubes and nanofibers

• Deborah Vidick,
• Xiaoxing Ke,
• Michel Devillers,
• Claude Poleunis,
• Arnaud Delcorte,
• Pietro Moggi,
• Gustaaf Van Tendeloo and
• Sophie Hermans

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 1287–1297, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.133

• applications in a wide range of areas [1][2][3][4][5] due to the unique properties of the nanocarbons (conductivity, mechanical resistance, high surface area, etc.) combined with the size-dependent properties of the metal NPs. Due to the excellent electrical conductivity of carbon, NPs/nanocarbons are widely

Growth and morphological analysis of segmented AuAg alloy nanowires created by pulsed electrodeposition in ion-track etched membranes

• Ina Schubert,
• Loic Burr,
• Christina Trautmann and
• Maria Eugenia Toimil-Molares

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 1272–1280, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.131

• for surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy [38][41][42][43] and for biosensing [44]. Furthermore, such gaps with precisely controlled dimensions allow for the systematic investigation of multipole surface plasmon modes [39][45][46]. Because of their high electrical conductivity [47], Au and Ag metallic

Tunable magnetism on the lateral mesoscale by post-processing of Co/Pt heterostructures

• Oleksandr V. Dobrovolskiy,
• Maksym Kompaniiets,
• Roland Sachser,
• Fabrizio Porrati,
• Christian Gspan,
• Harald Plank and
• Michael Huth

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 1082–1090, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.109

• grains are embedded in a carbon-rich, poorly conducting matrix. In consequence, the electrical conductivity of as-deposited Pt-based FEBID structures usually is in the high-ohmic or even the insulating regime while that of as-deposited Co-FEBID structures is at least one order of magnitude lower than

Electron-stimulated purification of platinum nanostructures grown via focused electron beam induced deposition

• Brett B. Lewis,
• Michael G. Stanford,
• Jason D. Fowlkes,
• Kevin Lester,
• Harald Plank and
• Philip D. Rack

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 907–918, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.94

• -deposited diffraction pattern exhibits broad diffraction rings characteristic of small grain size and possibly disorder due to high carbon content. The diffraction peaks narrow as grain size increases after curing. Grain coarsening is commonly associated with an increase in electrical conductivity of the

Morphology control of zinc oxide films via polysaccharide-mediated, low temperature, chemical bath deposition

• Florian Waltz,
• Hans-Christoph Schwarz,
• Andreas M. Schneider,
• Stefanie Eiden and
• Peter Behrens

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 799–808, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.83

• this step, the film is covered by a dense layer of ZnO. This optimized procedure leads to ZnO films with a very high electrical conductivity, opening up interesting possibilities for applications of such films. The films were characterized by means of electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction and

• measurements of the electrical conductivity. Keywords: chemical bath deposition; hyaluronic acid; polysaccharide; transparent conductive oxide; zinc oxide; Introduction Zinc oxide is a unique material with a number of interesting properties such as piezo- and pyro-electricity [1][2], high optical

• films with more strongly intergrown crystals, thus enhancing the electrical conductivity and optical transparency. Therefore, we have undertaken the study presented here, where ZnO films were prepared in a three-step process: a seeding step, followed by two CBD steps (Figure 1). In the first of the two

Applications of three-dimensional carbon nanotube networks

• Manuela Scarselli,
• Paola Castrucci,
• Francesco De Nicola,
• Ilaria Cacciotti,
• Francesca Nanni,
• Emanuela Gatto,
• Mariano Venanzi and
• Maurizio De Crescenzi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 792–798, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.82

• -sustaining assemblies that show high porosity [3], structural stability, and good electrical conductivity [4] are the best candidates for environmental applications such as filtration [5], separation [6], biological sensors [7], and oil-spill remediation [8] but also as mechanical actuators [9], catalytic

Chains of carbon atoms: A vision or a new nanomaterial?

• Florian Banhart

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 559–569, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.58

• ] and therefore a more detailed investigation of carbon chains. The study of the electrical conductivity has been motivated by measurements on chains of metal atoms that showed quantized conductance [24]. Carbon chains have been subject of numerous theoretical studies since more than a decade

• conditions very unlikely. The research concentrates therefore on isolated chains. Their outstanding mechanical and electronic properties, as theoretical work predicts, are still waiting for experimental confirmation. Preliminary experiments [23] do not confirm the predicted electrical conductivity. No

Fundamental edge broadening effects during focused electron beam induced nanosynthesis

• Roland Schmied,
• Jason D. Fowlkes,
• Robert Winkler,
• Phillip D. Rack and
• Harald Plank

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 462–471, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.47

• . To confirm the finding of a non-conductive outer halo, another current cross section on the insulating SiO2 substrate is shown in Figure 4c (along the lower dotted line in Figure 4a) also revealing electrical conductivity only for the central deposit (white area). From this data we can conclude that

• and functionality. The latter describes the electrical conductivity and is derived from combined C-AFM and KFM measurements. The absolute values for halo heights and functional radii might slightly change for different precursor regime conditions but show the same qualitative scaling behavior. The

Electrical response of liquid crystal cells doped with multi-walled carbon nanotubes

• Amanda García-García,
• Ricardo Vergaz,
• José F. Algorri,
• Xabier Quintana and
• José M. Otón

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 396–403, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.39

• carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and the possibility of reorienting them with external fields [3][4][5][6]. The interest to control this reorientation arises from the possibility of preparing simple devices whose electrical conductivity can be externally controlled and modulated [5][6][7][8][9]. Due to their

• electrical conductivity. An apparently obvious condition for this effect to be detected is that electrical continuity must be kept across the LC cell. The alignment layers deposited on the plates to induce the LC orientation are usually made of non-conductive organic polymers. This issue has not always been

Overview about the localization of nanoparticles in tissue and cellular context by different imaging techniques

• Anja Ostrowski,
• Daniel Nordmeyer,
• Alexander Boreham,
• Cornelia Holzhausen,
• Lars Mundhenk,
• Christina Graf,
• Martina C. Meinke,
• Annika Vogt,
• Sabrina Hadam,
• Jürgen Lademann,
• Eckart Rühl,
• Ulrike Alexiev and
• Achim D. Gruber

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 263–280, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.25

• [175]. Chemically or cryo-fixed tissue sections are often sputter-coated, i.e., covered with a thin layer of conductive material, for example, gold [176], to enhance the electrical conductivity of the specimen [177]. As an alternative, no coating of the specimen is required when working with low