Beilstein J. Nanotechnol.2010,1, 48–54, doi:10.3762/bjnano.1.6
of the magnetization in nanoparticles. In this paper we give a short review of the spin dynamics in non-interacting nanoparticles below the blocking temperature.
Ferromagnetic and ferrimagnetic nanoparticles
First, we consider a ferromagnetic or ferrimagnetic material with cubic crystal structure and
difference between adjacent spin wave states is small and the quantized states are well approximated by a continuous distribution of energies. Furthermore, the magnetic anisotropy is usually neglected in the calculations [9][10]. In ferromagnetic and ferrimagnetic materials at low temperatures, spin wave
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Figure 1:
Schematic illustration of magnetic fluctuations in a nanoparticle. At low temperatures the directio...
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol.2010,1, 24–47, doi:10.3762/bjnano.1.5
, saturation magnetizations, and Curie temperatures. Technologically important is the report of the last noted group, that after annealing of FePt NPs as small as 4 nm, ferromagnetic behavior is observed even at ambient temperature corresponding to magnetic anisotropies close to those of the bulk material [52
already mentioned in the introduction, a vast variety of preparation approaches have been developed and more or less successfully tested for their application to fabricate ferromagnetic metal NPs. Success, in this context, may not be an appropriate term, since it critically hinges on the specific
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Scheme 1:
Preparation of NPs by a reverse micelle technique. PS-b-P2VP or PS-b-P4VP is dispersed in anhydrous...