Gram-scale synthesis of splat-shaped Ag–TiO₂ nanocomposites for enhanced antimicrobial properties

• Mohammad Jaber,
• Asim Mushtaq,
• Kebiao Zhang,
• Jindan Wu,
• Dandan Luo,
• Zihan Yi,
• M. Zubair Iqbal and
• Xiangdong Kong

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1119–1125, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.96

• . The improvement in the antibacterial activity was attributed to the synergistic effect of the hybrid nature of TiO2 nanoparticles in the presence of Ag. Keywords: antimicrobial properties; biomaterials; nanocomposites; silver nanoparticles; titanium dioxide; Introduction The rapid industrial

Applications of superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles in drug and therapeutic delivery, and biotechnological advancements

• Maria Suciu,
• Corina M. Ionescu,
• Alexandra Ciorita,
• Septimiu C. Tripon,
• Dragos Nica,
• Hani Al-Salami and
• Lucian Barbu-Tudoran

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1092–1109, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.94

• inefficient methodology of use, and inconsistent results [94]. The potential toxicity could be put to a good use, though. Hybrid Fe3O4/Gd2O3 loaded with cisplatin and tagged with lactoferrin and RGD (a cell endocytosis small peptide) was proved in vitro and in vivo to cross the blood–brain barrier and target

Plant growth regulation by seed coating with films of alginate and auxin-intercalated layered double hydroxides

• Vander A. de Castro,
• Valber G. O. Duarte,
• Danúbia A. C. Nobre,
• Geraldo H. Silva,
• Vera R. L. Constantino,
• Frederico G. Pinto,
• Willian R. Macedo and
• Jairo Tronto

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1082–1091, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.93

• layered compounds, emerges as a very promising approach to a new form of growth regulator application. Thus, the presented work had three aims: (i) the synthesis and characterization of an organic–inorganic hybrid material containing a layered double hydroxide (LDH) of zinc and aluminum and the synthetic

• auxin 1-naphthalenoacetic acid (ZnAl-NAA-LDH), (ii) the coating of bean seeds (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) with composite films produced from mixtures of alginate polymer and ZnAl-NAA-LDH, and (iii) the evaluation of the plant response by bioassays. The hybrid ZnAl-NAA-LDH was characterized by a set of

• , fresh root matter and shoot length of plants. Thus, films produced from a mixture of alginate and the hybrid material containing the growth regulator intercalated into LDH can be a viable alternative to enhance plant development, which can be included in seed management. Keywords: bioassays

Monolayers of MoS₂ on Ag(111) as decoupling layers for organic molecules: resolution of electronic and vibronic states of TCNQ

• Asieh Yousofnejad,
• Gaël Reecht,
• Nils Krane,
• Christian Lotze and
• Katharina J. Franke

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1062–1071, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.91

• layer [30][31], the bandgap of the hybrid structure amounts to only approx. 1.7 eV [29]. Interestingly, the states at the K point are much less affected than the states at the Γ point. Hence, the system remains promising for optoelectronic devices with selective access to the spin–orbit-split bands at K

• been found in calculations. It has been interpreted as a hybrid metal–MoS2 or an interface state [38]. The conduction band minimum, which is expected to lie at the point for quasi free-standing as well as metal-supported single-layer MoS2 [29][42][43][44], is hardly visible in the tunneling spectra

A few-layer graphene/chlorin e6 hybrid nanomaterial and its application in photodynamic therapy against Candida albicans

• Selene Acosta,
• Carlos Moreno-Aguilar,
• Dania Hernández-Sánchez,
• Beatriz Morales-Cruzado,
• Erick Sarmiento-Gomez,
• Carla Bittencourt,
• Luis Octavio Sánchez-Vargas and
• Mildred Quintana

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1054–1061, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.90

• the global health care sector. There is an urgent need to develop noninvasive, nontoxic, and new antinosocomial approaches that work more effectively and faster than current antibiotics. In this work, we report on a biocompatible hybrid nanomaterial composed of few-layer graphene and chlorin e6 (FLG

• -Ce6) for the photodynamic treatment (PDT) of Candida albicans. We show that the FLG-Ce6 hybrid nanomaterial displays enhanced reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation compared with Ce6. The enhancement is up to 5-fold when irradiated for 15 min at 632 nm with a red light-emitting diode (LED). The

• viability of C. albicans in the presence of FLG-Ce6 was measured 48 h after photoactivation. An antifungal effect was observed only when the culture/FLG-Ce6 hybrid was exposed to the light source. C. albicans is rendered completely unviable after exposure to ROS generated by the excited FLG-Ce6 hybrid

Epitaxial growth and superconducting properties of thin-film PdFe/VN and VN/PdFe bilayers on MgO(001) substrates

• Wael M. Mohammed,
• Igor V. Yanilkin,
• Amir I. Gumarov,
• Airat G. Kiiamov,
• Roman V. Yusupov and
• Lenar R. Tagirov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 807–813, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.65

• junction technology is currently implied to be used for the logics fabrication, however, hybrid Josephson junctions incorporating magnetic components are also considered for the mainframe computation components [9][14][15][16][17][18][19], and cache and main memories [8][20][21][22][23][24][25]. It is

Nickel nanoparticles supported on a covalent triazine framework as electrocatalyst for oxygen evolution reaction and oxygen reduction reactions

• Secil Öztürk,
• Yu-Xuan Xiao,
• Dennis Dietrich,
• Beatriz Giesen,
• Juri Barthel,
• Jie Ying,
• Xiao-Yu Yang and
• Christoph Janiak

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 770–781, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.62

• activity of Ni/CTF-1-600-22, which means that a fraction of 22 wt % Ni is apparently more suitable than the 33 wt % in Ni/CTF-1-600-33. In the literature, Ni(OH)2/graphene oxide showed a significant enhancement of the ORR activity compared to unsupported Ni(OH)2 and graphene oxide alone. The hybrid

Hexagonal boron nitride: a review of the emerging material platform for single-photon sources and the spin–photon interface

• Stefania Castelletto,
• Faraz A. Inam,
• Shin-ichiro Sato and
• Alberto Boretti

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 740–769, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.61

• unique. The search for other platforms is mainly motivated by either scalability or manufacturability within a monolithic platform fabrication or opportunities to facilitate hybrid integration of quantum materials with existing mature devices (hybrid approach). However, there are other materials that are

• methods also have limitations such as sample damaging or even destruction. Further 2D materials are more likely to be manufactured within existing devices as such following a hybrid approach. Hybrid approaches are the ones mostly pursued; however, they suffer from poor performance due to mismatch

• however quite large especially in compound materials where the antisite defects are also quite common. In the following sections, we will follow the above-described approaches to review the current performance of quantum point defects in h-BN, identifying the pathways for their applications both in hybrid

A novel dry-blending method to reduce the coefficient of thermal expansion of polymer templates for OTFT electrodes

• Xiangdong Ye,
• Bo Tian,
• Yuxuan Guo,
• Fan Fan and
• Anjiang Cai

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 671–677, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.53

• the EPI to prepare a polyimide–silica hybrid film having a low CTE. However, because of the poor dispersion of the nanomaterial and the high viscosity of the polymer during wet blending [17][18], the nanomaterial content in the composites is usually low, which causes the CTE of the polymer template to

Observation of unexpected uniaxial magnetic anisotropy in La_2/3Sr_1/3MnO₃ films by a BaTiO₃ overlayer in an artificial multiferroic bilayer

• John E. Ordóñez,
• Lorena Marín,
• Luis A. Rodríguez,
• Pedro A. Algarabel,
• José A. Pardo,
• Roger Guzmán,
• Luis Morellón,
• César Magén,
• Etienne Snoeck,
• María E. Gómez and
• Manuel R. Ibarra

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 651–661, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.51

• alters the magnetic behavior of the ferromagnetic layer, and consequently, deserves further in-depth research to determine how it can modify the magnetoelectric coupling of this hybrid multiferroic system. Keywords: artificial multiferroic system; BaTiO3; interface-induced strain; La2/3Sr1/3MnO3

• ., ferromagnetic (FM) for LSMO and ferroelectric (FE) for BTO, and BTO/LSMO heterostructures have exhibited magnetoelectric coupling (MEC) [6][7][8]. They constitute a type of artificial hybrid multiferroic material that can be employed to build the next-generation sensors, multiple-state memory elements, magnetic

• becomes a new parameter to consider in future studies to fully understand the magnetic-electric coupling effect in this particular hybrid multiferroic system. Experimental Epitaxial LSMO single layers and BTO/LSMO bilayers were grown by the PLD technique, employing a KrF excimer laser at 248 nm pulse

Silver-decorated gel-shell nanobeads: physicochemical characterization and evaluation of antibacterial properties

• Marta Bartel,
• Katarzyna Markowska,
• Marcin Strawski,
• Krystyna Wolska and
• Maciej Mazur

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 620–630, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.49

• generate metallic nanoparticles embedded in the shell. Such structures have been demonstrated to reveal antibacterial and antifungal properties. For example, Zhao et al. prepared micrometer-sized hybrid particles in a multi-step preparation involving the sulfonation of polystyrene beads and the

• sulfonate beads modified with polyaniline followed by decoration with silver nanoparticles and demonstrated the considerable antibacterial activity of this material [24]. While the number of works on hybrid polymer/nanoparticle structures and their antibacterial activity is relatively limited, a great

• nanobeads, which likely stabilizes these structures. The hybrid particles reveal considerable antibacterial properties. This has been evaluated based on the determination of MIC and MBIC values and an estimation of bacterial viability through fluorescence staining. Experimental Chemicals All chemicals were

Luminescent gold nanoclusters for bioimaging applications

• Nonappa

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 533–546, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.42

• [18][19]. Luminescent nanomaterials including semiconductor quantum dots, carbon dots, metal-doped nanoparticles, noble-metal nanoparticles, and organic–inorganic hybrid nanoparticles, have been studied for their ultrabright photoluminescence (PL) [20][21][22][23]. Semiconductor quantum dots (SCQDs

Multilayer capsules made of weak polyelectrolytes: a review on the preparation, functionalization and applications in drug delivery

• Varsha Sharma and
• Anandhakumar Sundaramurthy

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 508–532, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.41

• capsules from high osmotic pressure and for encapsulation of macromolecules [32]. Calcium carbonate (CaCO3) cores have been widely used with many combinations of weak PEs to fabricate hollow capsules as in case of PAH/PMA capsules, Figure 2e [29]. More recently, hybrid CaCO3 templates built in with other

• low-fouling hybrid capsules with a controlled degradation profile were prepared by combining two different systems of PVPAlk-PMA and PGAAlk-PVP to form stratified PGAAlk-PVPAlk capsules [97]. The degradation could be controlled by the number as well as position of the non-degradable PVPAlk layer. The

Interfacial charge transfer processes in 2D and 3D semiconducting hybrid perovskites: azobenzene as photoswitchable ligand

• Nicole Fillafer,
• Tobias Seewald,
• Lukas Schmidt-Mende and
• Sebastian Polarz

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 466–479, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.38

• ligands are influenced by the presence of a semiconductor and vice versa. Here ammonium-modified azobenzene compounds were selected as prototypes for molecular switches and organic–inorganic hybrid perovskites as semiconductor materials. The class of ammonium–lead–halide phases as prototypes is peculiar

• synthesis of 2D and 3D hybrid perovskite phases. The energy transfer mechanisms are influenced by the length of the molecular spacer moiety, which determines the distance between the π system and the semiconductor surfaces. We find huge differences in the photoswitching behaviour between the free, surface

• from perovskite to azobenzene, which is strongly distance-dependent. This study provides evidence for the photoswitching of azobenzenes as ligands of hybrid perovskites, which depends on the spacing between the chromophore and the perovskite phase. Keywords: interface design; molecular switches

High dynamic resistance elements based on a Josephson junction array

• Konstantin Yu. Arutyunov and
• Janne S. Lehtinen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 417–420, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.32

• followed by ultrahigh vacuum deposition of materials was used for the fabrication of the nanostructures. Hybrid QPSJ samples were made of Ti, Al and aluminum oxide [12]. The high-impedance JJs studied in this paper, similar to those from [12], were fabricated from superconducting thin film Al oxidized in

Implementation of data-cube pump–probe KPFM on organic solar cells

• Benjamin Grévin,
• Olivier Bardagot and
• Renaud Demadrille

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 323–337, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.24

• -processed organic donor–acceptor blends called bulk heterojunctions (BHJ), for polycrystalline direct bandgap semiconductors such as CdTe, CuInxGa(1−x)Se2 and Cu2ZnSnS4 and for hybrid organic–inorganic perovskite solar cells. Whatever material used, improving the performance of the solar cell requires a

• -based devices, hybrid perovskite thin films and single crystals as well as type-II van der Waals heterojunctions based on transition metal dichalcogenides. Experimental Nc-AFM and pp-KPFM Noncontact-AFM (nc-AFM) experiments were performed with a ScientaOmicron VT-AFM setup in UHV at room temperature (RT

Anomalous current–voltage characteristics of SFIFS Josephson junctions with weak ferromagnetic interlayers

• Tairzhan Karabassov,
• Anastasia V. Guravova,
• Aleksei Yu. Kuzin,
• Elena A. Kazakova,
• Shiro Kawabata,
• Boris G. Lvov and
• Andrey S. Vasenko

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 252–262, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.19

• interlayers, which we attribute to DOS energy dependencies in the case of small exchange fields in the F layers. Keywords: current–voltage characteristics; Josephson junctions; proximity effect, superconductivity; superconductor/ferromagnet hybrid nanostructures; Introduction It is well known that

• superconductivity and ferromagnetism are two competing antagonistic orders. In superconductors (S) electrons form Cooper pairs with opposite spins and momenta, while in ferromagnetic metals (F) electron spins tend to align in parallel. Nevertheless, it is possible to combine S and F layers in one hybrid structure

• dependence [8][9][10][11][12], Josephson critical current oscillations [13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41], and density of states (DOS) oscillations [42][43][44][45]. S/F hybrid structures have many promising applications in

High-performance asymmetric supercapacitor made of NiMoO₄ nanorods@Co₃O₄ on a cellulose-based carbon aerogel

• Meixia Wang,
• Jing Zhang,
• Xibin Yi,
• Benxue Liu,
• Xinfu Zhao and
• Xiaochan Liu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 240–251, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.18

• construction of an integrated hierarchical porous nanoarchitecture by combining two metal oxides is a brilliant way to greatly enhance the overall electrochemical performance owing to synergistic effects [20]. For example, Li et al. synthesized 3D hybrid Co3O4/NiMoO4 nanowire/nanosheet arrays on a carbon cloth

• Co3O4/NiMoO4 hybrid electrode exhibited an areal capacitance of 5.7 F/cm2 at a current density of 30 mA/cm2 [22]. Zhang et al. described the fabrication of 3D hierarchical Co3O4/NiMoO4 flower-like hybrid arrays on Ni foam with a high specific capacitance of 636.8 C/g at a current density of 5 mA/cm2 and

• electroactive materials, efficiently reducing the internal resistance and enhancing the rate capability. Therefore, novel hybrid nanorods and nanoparticles of the electroactive metal oxides incorporated into a porous, conductive 3D network of CA could be promising electrode materials for supercapacitors. Based

Rational design of block copolymer self-assemblies in photodynamic therapy

• Maxime Demazeau,
• Laure Gibot,
• Anne-Françoise Mingotaud,
• Patricia Vicendo,
• Clément Roux and
• Barbara Lonetti

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 180–212, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.15

Fabrication of Ag-modified hollow titania spheres via controlled silver diffusion in Ag–TiO₂ core–shell nanostructures

• Bartosz Bartosewicz,
• Malwina Liszewska,
• Bogusław Budner,
• Marta Michalska-Domańska,
• Krzysztof Kopczyński and
• Bartłomiej J. Jankiewicz

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 141–146, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.12

• carbon template was used in a one-pot synthesis of uniform TiO2–Ag hybrid HSs [16], and of Ag/AgCl modified self-doped TiO2 HSs [17]. Finally, polymer spheres were used as hard-templates in a multistep fabrication of tri-modified TiO2 HSs (Ag–C/N–TiO2) [18], and of silver/TiO2 HSs [19]. Many papers

Molecular architectonics of DNA for functional nanoarchitectures

• Debasis Ghosh,
• Lakshmi P. Datta and
• Thimmaiah Govindaraju

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 124–140, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.11

• researchers to design new DNA-based functional materials with chemical and biological properties distinct from their parent components. The modulation of structural and functional properties of hybrid DNA ensembles of small functional molecules (SFMs) and short oligonucleotides by adapting the principles of

• ions [12]. The field of DNA nanotechnology has evolved over the years from using DNA tiles and blocks to employing SFMs and their assemblies as templates to control the molecular organization on the nanoscale to generate complex DNA architectures or origami and hybrid ensembles, respectively, through

• have become the limiting factors in the realization of practical applications. In this context, the emerging field of SFM-templated or mutually templated DNA nanotechnology (functional DNA nanoarchitectonics) is considered the state-of-art to construct hybrid DNA nanoarchitectures with assured

Simple synthesis of nanosheets of rGO and nitrogenated rGO

• Pallellappa Chithaiah,
• Madhan Mohan Raju,
• Giridhar U. Kulkarni and
• C. N. R. Rao

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 68–75, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.7

• hybrid systems such as batteries [6], electrodes [7] and photodetectors [8]. In 1958, Hummer and Offeman developed a chemical method to synthesize graphene oxide by acid treatment of graphite [9]. The graphene oxide thus obtained contains oxygen functional groups (–CO–, –COC–) on the surface and edges of

Advanced hybrid nanomaterials

• Andreas Taubert,
• Fabrice Leroux,
• Pierre Rabu and
• Verónica de Zea Bermudez

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2563–2567, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.247

• .10.247 Keywords: colloidal chemistry; environmental remediation; hybrid nanomaterials; nanocomposite; nanofillers; nanomedicine; nanostructures; polymer fillers; pore templating; smart materials; The Maya blue pigment that was used in Mexico during the VIIIth century is often given as a prototypical

• example of a hybrid material in which an indigo derivative is stabilized into magnesium aluminum phyllosilicate. This material, palygorskite, was used to produce beautiful mural paintings that are still shining centuries later [1][2][3]. Since these origins, the field of hybrid materials has developed

• into a broad scientific and technological subject including important fields such as sol–gel chemistry [4][5], polymer nanocomposites [6][7], and hybrid nanomaterials [8][9]. Nowadays, hybrid materials are almost everywhere and provide a wide range of applications from biology and health, to photonic

Antimony deposition onto Au(111) and insertion of Mg

• Lingxing Zan,
• Da Xing,
• Abdelaziz Ali Abd-El-Latif and
• Helmut Baltruschat

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2541–2552, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.245

• : alloy; antimony; Au(111); electrodeposition; insertion; STM; Introduction Rechargeable batteries have become essential energy storing devices, which are widely used in portable electronic devices and hybrid electric vehicles. Magnesium-based secondary batteries have been regarded as a viable

Synthesis and acetone sensing properties of ZnFe₂O₄/rGO gas sensors

• Kaidi Wu,
• Yifan Luo,
• Ying Li and
• Chao Zhang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2516–2526, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.242

• characteristics and the gas sensing properties. Furthermore, 0.125 wt % graphene-ZnFe2O4 was prepared by a solvothermal method, and the corresponding gas sensor exhibited a fine response to 10–100 ppm acetone at 275 °C [31]. A hybrid sensor made of ZnFe2O4/graphene quantum dots showed a fine sensing response to