Precise local control of liquid crystal pretilt on polymer layers by focused ion beam nanopatterning

• Maxim V. Gorkunov,
• Irina V. Kasyanova,
• Vladimir V. Artemov,
• Alena V. Mamonova and
• Serguei P. Palto

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1691–1697, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.164

• periodicity in the LC cells of very different thickness are presented in Figure 3a. One can see a universal monotonic dependence of the relative birefringence on the reverse duty factor (1 − r) covering the whole range from 0 to 1, i.e., from the purely vertical LC alignment at r = 1 to the hybrid alignment

• orientational LC elasticity, which yields the Laplace equation Δθ(r) = 0 for the equilibrium distribution of the LC director [3]. In the homogeneous background area of the LC cell, hybrid LC alignment takes place as the LC is anchored in-plane by rubbed PI at one substrate, θ = π/2 at z = 0, and vertically by

Layered double hydroxide/sepiolite hybrid nanoarchitectures for the controlled release of herbicides

• Ediana Paula Rebitski,
• Margarita Darder and
• Pilar Aranda

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1679–1690, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.163

• Ediana Paula Rebitski Margarita Darder Pilar Aranda Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid, CSIC, c/ Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz 3, Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain 10.3762/bjnano.10.163 Abstract In this work, organic–inorganic hybrid nanoarchitectures were prepared in a single

• 0.77 nm for the pristine LDH to 2.32 nm for the prepared materials. The amount of herbicide incorporated in the hybrid nanoarchitectures prepared by the single-step coprecipitation method surpassed the CEC of LDH (ca. 330 mEq/100 g), with values reaching 445 mEq/100 g LDH for certain compositions. This

• suggests a synergy between the inorganic solids that allows the nanoarchitecture to exhibit better adsorption properties than the separate components. Additionally, in the release assays, the herbicide incorporated in the hybrid nanoarchitectures could be completely released, which confirms its suitability

Materials nanoarchitectonics at two-dimensional liquid interfaces

• Katsuhiko Ariga,
• Michio Matsumoto,
• Taizo Mori and
• Lok Kumar Shrestha

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1559–1587, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.153

• sophisticated strategy to realize chemotherapy targeting at cancer cells using the controlled assembly and disassembly of layer-by-layer hybrid structures made of two dimensional MoS2 nanosheets with DNA [87]. The preparation of functional low-dimensional materials requires preservation of nanoscale features in

Unipolar magnetic field pulses as an advantageous tool for ultrafast operations in superconducting Josephson “atoms”

• Daria V. Popolitova,
• Nikolay V. Klenov,
• Igor I. Soloviev,
• Sergey V. Bakurskiy and
• Olga V. Tikhonova

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1548–1558, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.152

• comparison to the result of Figure 2b due to the increase of the frequency of slow modulations. Hence the real energy structure of the superconducting system (including even charge or hybrid qubits [1]) will not slow down the considered ultrafast control. Operations induced by unipolar magnetic pulse for

Development of a new hybrid approach combining AFM and SEM for the nanoparticle dimensional metrology

• Loïc Crouzier,
• Alexandra Delvallée,
• Sébastien Ducourtieux,
• Laurent Devoille,
• Guillaume Noircler,
• Christian Ulysse,
• Olivier Taché,
• Elodie Barruet,
• Christophe Tromas and
• Nicolas Feltin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1523–1536, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.150

• proposes a new approach of hybrid metrology taking advantage of the complementary nature of atomic force microscopy (AFM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) techniques for measuring the main characteristic parameters of nanoparticle (NP) dimensions in 3D. The NP area equivalent, the minimal and the

• equality between their height and their lateral diameters. However, discrepancies between AFM and SEM measurements have been observed, showing significant deviation from sphericity as a function of the nanoparticle size. Keywords: AFM; hybrid metrology; nanoparticles; SEM; size distribution; uncertainty

• -emission guns can reach a resolution of 1 nm in the XY-plane. Consequently, we propose in this paper the development of a hybrid metrology that allows for the measurement of the characteristic dimensions of a nano-object in 3D, by combining the measurements performed with AFM and SEM. The concept of hybrid

Hierarchically structured 3D carbon nanotube electrodes for electrocatalytic applications

• Pei Wang,
• Katarzyna Kulp and
• Michael Bron

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1475–1487, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.146

• in a similar fashion as in our paper. Using a Pt-graphene/CNT hybrid material on GC, a mass specific current of 62.02 mA mg−1Pt was found in 1 M methanol solution at a scan rate of 50 mV s−1. It should be pointed that MOR measurements in literature are usually performed at scan rates of 50 or 100 mV

• hybrid material on carbon cloth (101.52 mA mg−1Pt), and the Pt-surface specific peak current was two times higher than that of Pt-graphene/CNT on carbon cloth (0.34 mA cm−2Pt) reported previously [79], indicating that the introduction of secondary CNTs may provide a similar or superior beneficial effect

Magnetic segregation effect in liquid crystals doped with carbon nanotubes

• Danil A. Petrov,
• Pavel K. Skokov,
• Alexander N. Zakhlevnykh and
• Dmitriy V. Makarov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1464–1474, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.145

• modifies many properties of liquid crystals and leads to the possibility of obtaining new hybrid materials with unique electro- and magneto-optical properties, which opens prospects for new practical applications in optoelectronics, photonics, and display technology [11]. From a physical perspective, these

Construction of a 0D/1D composite based on Au nanoparticles/CuBi₂O₄ microrods for efficient visible-light-driven photocatalytic activity

• Weilong Shi,
• Mingyang Li,
• Hongji Ren,
• Feng Guo,
• Xiliu Huang,
• Yu Shi and
• Yubin Tang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1360–1367, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.134

• method and dispersed in aqueous solution of HAuCl4. After vigorous stirring, Au3+ was adsorbed on the surface CBO microrods. Then, the precursor mixture was boiled to reduce Au3+ to Au NPs precipitating on the CBO microrods yielding the Au/CBO hybrid photocatalyst. The crystalline phases of CBO and Au

Multicomponent bionanocomposites based on clay nanoarchitectures for electrochemical devices

• Giulia Lo Dico,
• Bernd Wicklein,
• Lorenzo Lisuzzo,
• Giuseppe Lazzara,
• Pilar Aranda and
• Eduardo Ruiz-Hitzky

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1303–1315, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.129

• ][26]. In fact, following this approach it was possible to prepare multifunctional and homogeneous nanocomposite materials such as self-supported sepiolite–nanocarbon hybrid buckypapers [25] and conducting bionanocomposites [26]. Therefore, the present study explores the potential of sepiolite for

• ][33][34]. This type of hybrid material offers the advantage of a large interface improving the contact efficiency between the entrapped active molecules and the external environment allowing for the development of promising devices for biosensing [35][36] and enzymatic biofuel cells (EBCs) [37][38

• stability of these multicomponent hybrid materials in water showing a mass loss of only 3.2 wt % over the course of two months. This excellent stability, together with the good electrical and mechanical properties, suggest that the prepared multicomponent bionanocomposite can be suitable as electrode

A silver-nanoparticle/cellulose-nanofiber composite as a highly effective substrate for surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy

• Yongxin Lu,
• Yan Luo,
• Zehao Lin and
• Jianguo Huang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1270–1279, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.126

• bacterial nanocellulose adsorbed with gold nanoparticles in the form of a hydrogel had a detection limit of 1 × 10−9 M for R6G [54], the Au–Ag bimetallic microfluidic SERS sensor had a detection limit of 1 × 10−13 M for the same analyte [64]; and a detection limit of 1 × 10−6 M was offered by a hybrid

Tailoring the magnetic properties of cobalt ferrite nanoparticles using the polyol process

• Malek Bibani,
• Romain Breitwieser,
• Alex Aubert,
• Vincent Loyau,
• Silvana Mercone,
• Souad Ammar and
• Fayna Mammeri

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1166–1176, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.116

• be significantly smaller. This discrepancy is mainly due to the difficulties in producing hybrid materials with large and perfect interfaces [5]. The use of nanomaterials exhibiting large surface-to-volume ratios instead of bulk materials can help to overcome this limitation. To the best of our

• ) separately and co-sintered them very quickly to avoid grain growth and coarsening [7][8]. Andrew et al. also managed to optimize and maximize the hybrid interface in polymer-based multiferroics, using 10 nm magnetic nanoparticles, prepared by coprecipitation and further embedded in ferroelectric polymer

• larger than 10–12 nm are necessary if one wants to obtain blocked cobalt ferrite particles at room temperature (TB > RT) [25]. At the same time, the size must be as small as possible to extend the hybrid interface in the further nanostructured hybrid ME materials and to optimize the strain transmission

Photoactive nanoarchitectures based on clays incorporating TiO₂ and ZnO nanoparticles

• Eduardo Ruiz-Hitzky,
• Pilar Aranda,
• Marwa Akkari,
• Nithima Khaorapapong and
• Makoto Ogawa

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1140–1156, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.114

• with TiO2 due to the hybrid structure (at an appropriate distance). The [Ru(bpy)3]2+–TiO2@clay induced the direct oxidation of aqueous benzene to phenol under visible-light irradiation (Figure 6). The oxidation of aqueous benzene to phenol was very efficient (the maximum yield of benzene conversion and

Serum type and concentration both affect the protein-corona composition of PLGA nanoparticles

• Katrin Partikel,
• Robin Korte,
• Dennis Mulac,
• Hans-Ulrich Humpf and
• Klaus Langer

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1002–1015, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.101

• water (3:1:96, v/v) and the samples were stored at −20 °C until LC–MS/MS analysis. Mass spectrometric detection of peptides Data were acquired on an LTQ Orbitrap XL hybrid ion trap-orbitrap mass spectrometer coupled to an Accela HPLC system (both Thermo Scientific, Dreieich, Germany). The injection

Structural and optical properties of penicillamine-protected gold nanocluster fractions separated by sequential size-selective fractionation

• Xiupei Yang,
• Zhengli Yang,
• Fenglin Tang,
• Jing Xu,
• Maoxue Zhang and
• Martin M. F. Choi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 955–966, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.96

• protective layer of organic molecules [2]. These clusters are considered to be a hybrid system of small molecules and macroscopic materials, and are of great interest to the properties of gold core and organic monolayers [3]. The stable monolayer-protected NCs have enabled experiments to be carried out that

Synthesis of novel C-doped g-C₃N₄ nanosheets coupled with CdIn₂S₄ for enhanced photocatalytic hydrogen evolution

• Jingshuai Chen,
• Chang-Jie Mao,
• Helin Niu and
• Ji-Ming Song

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 912–921, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.92

• μmol h−1 g−1). In addition, the hybrid photocatalysts display good recycling stability under visible-light irradiation. This research may provide promising information for the preparation of more efficient multifunctional hybrid photocatalysts with excellent stability in fine chemical engineering

• enhance photocatalytic activity. Accordingly, the two-step fabrication of CdIn2S4/CCN photocatalysts with different CdIn2S4 content is the target of this study. It is demonstrated that the CdIn2S4/CCN hybrid shows a superior H2 production activity without the addition of a Pt co-catalyst under visible

• -induced charge carriers of these as-fabricated samples has been studied via room temperature photoluminescence (PL) characterization. Figure 7 displays the PL emission spectra of g-C3N4, CCN and CISCCN3 hybrid photocatalysts at the excitation wavelength of 410 nm. It is observed that the pure CCN shows

Comparing a porphyrin- and a coumarin-based dye adsorbed on NiO(001)

• Sara Freund,
• Antoine Hinaut,
• Nathalie Marinakis,
• Edwin C. Constable,
• Ernst Meyer,
• Catherine E. Housecroft and
• Thilo Glatzel

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 874–881, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.88

• , Switzerland 10.3762/bjnano.10.88 Abstract Properties of metal oxides, such as optical absorption, can be influenced through the sensitization with molecular species that absorb visible light. Molecular/solid interfaces of this kind are particularly suited for the development and design of emerging hybrid

• ) of the semiconductor [2]. This charge transfer, which occurs from the dye molecules towards the surface of the semiconductor, offers the possibility of designing specific hybrid devices with photoactive anodes consisting of functionalized TiO2. In contrast to TiO2 [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11], wide

Rapid, ultraviolet-induced, reversibly switchable wettability of superhydrophobic/superhydrophilic surfaces

• Yunlu Pan,
• Wenting Kong,
• Bharat Bhushan and
• Xuezeng Zhao

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 866–873, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.87

• )phenoxy)undecanoic acid (AzoC11) acid to fabricate a hybrid surface which could achieve a rapid change in wettability properties within 12 min, however the wettability range was only between hydrophobic (≈146°) and hydrophilic (≈21°). Qing et al. [30] fabricated superhydrophobic TiO2 nanoparticles with

Electronic properties of several two dimensional halides from ab initio calculations

• Mohamed Barhoumi,
• Ali Abboud,
• Lamjed Debbichi,
• Moncef Said,
• Torbjörn Björkman,
• Dario Rocca and
• Sébastien Lebègue

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 823–832, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.82

• electronic bandgaps, as obtained with the HSE hybrid functional, range between 3.0 and 7.5 eV and that their phonon spectra are dynamically stable. Additionally, we show that under an external electric field some of these systems exhibit a semiconductor-to-metal transition. Keywords: density functional

• ] was used. Similar parameters were employed for hybrid Heyd–Scuseria–Ernzerhof (HSE) calculations [38], that were performed to obtain accurate values for the bandgap. Sufficient spacing (more than 17 Å) was put between the monolayers to avoid significant interactions between the periodically repeated

An efficient electrode material for high performance solid-state hybrid supercapacitors based on a Cu/CuO/porous carbon nanofiber/TiO₂ hybrid composite

• Mamta Sham Lal,
• Thirugnanam Lavanya and
• Sundara Ramaprabhu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 781–793, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.78

• electrode in a three-electrode configuration. The solid-state hybrid supercapacitor (SSHSC) fabricated based on this composite exhibits a high specific capacitance value of 330 F g−1 at a current density of 1 A g−1 with 78.8% capacitance retention for up to 10,000 cycles. At the same time, a high energy

• nanoparticles, which together open up new opportunities for energy storage and conversion applications. Keywords: composite; electrochemical performance; porous carbon nanofiber; solid-state hybrid supercapacitor; supercapacitor; TiO2 nanoparticles; Introduction To meet the rapidly growing demand for energy

• and conventional capacitors, which can store moderate energy as well as transport high power [3]. Thus, supercapacitors can potentially be used in many fields of application such as portable electronics, hybrid electric vehicles, pure electric vehicles, grid balancing, large-scale industrial equipment

Renewable energy conversion using nano- and microstructured materials

• Harry Mönig and
• Martina Schmid

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 771–773, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.76

• in nanoporous cobalt oxide photocathodes [7], and an approach in which silicon nanoparticles are embedded in an amorphous carbon matrix [8]. In terms of material saving, nano- and microstructured absorbers offer great potential, e.g., via ultrathin absorbers as highlighted for Sb2S3 hybrid solar

• cases in which organic or hybrid materials are involved [20]. For example protection against device degradation by advanced encapsulation techniques can help to further develop such technologies [21]. As it is the case for conventional materials, interface engineering is also a major factor for device

Towards rare-earth-free white light-emitting diode devices based on the combination of dicyanomethylene and pyranine as organic dyes supported on zinc single-layered hydroxide

• Jeff L. Nyalosaso,
• Rachod Boonsin,
• Pierre Vialat,
• Damien Boyer,
• Geneviève Chadeyron,
• Rachid Mahiou and
• Fabrice Leroux

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 760–770, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.75

• large part of the visible spectrum. The concept developed in our work consisted in keeping SLH in its wet form to ensure a good dispersion of the fluorescent dyes prior to immobilizing the hybrid materials in a silicone polymer to achieve luminescent composite films. We demonstrate that these coatings

• stacked upon each other and placed above a blue LED lead to white-light emission with suitable photometric parameters for applications in lighting or display devices: colour temperature of 5409 K and colour rendering index (CRI) of 81. Keywords: dicyanomethylene (DCM); hybrid luminescent films; light

• . For all these reasons, we have studied the development of a rare-earth-free LED device by considering the use of stabilized synthetic organic dyes in an inorganic solid matrix to form a luminescent hybrid material. Some of these hybrid materials consist of a layered inorganic matrix, the role of which

On the transformation of “zincone”-like into porous ZnO thin films from sub-saturated plasma enhanced atomic layer deposition

• Alberto Perrotta,
• Julian Pilz,
• Stefan Pachmajer,
• Antonella Milella and
• Anna Maria Coclite

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 746–759, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.74

• crystal growth occurred, giving insights in the manufacturing of nanoporous ZnO from Zn-based hybrid materials. Keywords: calcination; PE-ALD; porosity; thin films; ZnO; Introduction Atomic layer deposition (ALD) and molecular layer deposition (MLD) are sequential self-limiting vapor-phase deposition

• substrates and devices. By combining the metalorganic precursors adopted in ALD with the organic ligands used in MLD, hybrid organic–inorganic materials can be synthesized [2][3][4]. These materials possess properties in between their pure organic and inorganic counterparts, yet differing from the pristine

• materials [5][6]. In the literature, a wide array of hybrid films has been reported, adopting several metallic precursors (such as Al [7][8][9][10], Ti [11][12], Zr [11], Hf [13], Zn [14][15][16][17], V [18][19], Li [20], Fe [21][22], Mo [23] and Er [24]). Generally, the thin films comprise the metal

Deposition of metal particles onto semiconductor nanorods using an ionic liquid

• Michael D. Ballentine,
• Elizabeth G. Embry,
• Marco A. Garcia and
• Lawrence J. Hill

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 718–724, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.71

• methylene blue. This hybrid approach using traditional organic ligands for the synthesis of well-defined nanorods followed by [bmim][Tf2N] for metal deposition was found to be applicable to other noble metals in addition to platinum. Gold and silver nanoparticles were also deposited onto CdSe@CdS nanorods

• findings that hole removal rate at the nanorod surface, rather than electron removal rate at the platinum surface, has a larger impact on the catalytic efficiency for these metal-semiconductor hybrid nanorods [38]. Because alkyl phosphonic acid ligands cap the nanorod surface of both materials (IL-NR and

Outstanding chain-extension effect and high UV resistance of polybutylene succinate containing amino-acid-modified layered double hydroxides

• Adam A. Marek,
• Vincent Verney,
• Christine Taviot-Gueho,
• Grazia Totaro,
• Laura Sisti,
• Annamaria Celli and
• Fabrice Leroux

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 684–695, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.68

• melt compounding process. The Mg2Al-based PBS nanocomposites, dispersed with inorganic–organic hybrid materials (layered double hydroxides, LDHs), were functionalized with the amino acids L-histidine (HIS) and L-phenylalanine (PHE). The rheological and anti-ultraviolet (anti-UV) properties were

• LDH hybrid materials, and in particular, their application as a polymer chain extender and UV stabilizer for PBS, which can likely be extended to other biodegradable polymers. Keywords: amino acid; layered double hydroxide; phenylalanine; polybutylene succinate; Introduction Polymer nanocomposite

• Molder, obtaining small-sized bars (33 × 8 × 2 mm). Such samples were scanned from −150 °C to 80 °C (heating rate 3 °C min−1, frequency 3 Hz, strain 0.01%). Results and Discussion Layered double hydroxide filler characterization The organo-modified Mg2Al LDH hybrid materials containing the levorotary

Ultrathin hydrophobic films based on the metal organic framework UiO-66-COOH(Zr)

• Miguel A. Andrés,
• Clemence Sicard,
• Christian Serre,
• Olivier Roubeau and
• Ignacio Gascón

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 654–665, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.65

• films containing nanometric or micrometric particles of the MOF NH2-MIL88B(Fe) and a commercial polyimide, showing that it is possible to obtain ultrathin MOF–polymer hybrid films with a homogeneous distribution of MOF particles within the polymer matrix [28]. In this contribution, submicrometer