Search results

Search for "lead" in Full Text gives 1265 result(s) in Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnology. Showing first 200.

Theoretical investigations of oxygen vacancy effects in nickel-doped zirconia from ab initio XANES spectroscopy at the oxygen K-edge

  • Dick Hartmann Douma,
  • Lodvert Tchibota Poaty,
  • Alessio Lamperti,
  • Stéphane Kenmoe,
  • Abdulrafiu Tunde Raji,
  • Alberto Debernardi and
  • Bernard M’Passi-Mabiala

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 975–985, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.85

Graphical Abstract
  • , the covalency of the metal–ligand bonds, and the change in the metal oxidation state. The latter may lead to distinct changes in the spectral shape and incident energy [30][31]. For high-spin transition metals, for instance, it has been established that the L2,3-edge spectrum shifts to higher energies
PDF
Album
Full Research Paper
Published 15 Sep 2022

Interaction between honeybee mandibles and propolis

  • Leonie Saccardi,
  • Franz Brümmer,
  • Jonas Schiebl,
  • Oliver Schwarz,
  • Alexander Kovalev and
  • Stanislav Gorb

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 958–974, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.84

Graphical Abstract
  • that anti-adhesive properties minimize adhesion of resins and propolis to their body parts. Various anti-adhesive strategies have been found in nature. Different mechanisms can lead to low adhesion. Possible strategies to reduce adhesion on the insect cuticle, as suggested in [16], are specific surface
PDF
Album
Full Research Paper
Published 14 Sep 2022

Design of a biomimetic, small-scale artificial leaf surface for the study of environmental interactions

  • Miriam Anna Huth,
  • Axel Huth,
  • Lukas Schreiber and
  • Kerstin Koch

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 944–957, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.83

Graphical Abstract
  • ]. Different methods of recrystallization have been developed and used in previous studies [17][20][21][43][44][45][46]. A fast method, for example, is recrystallization from a solution. However, this process has the disadvantage that it can lead to a heterogeneous distribution of the wax mass and to a variety
  • . However, after deposition of the lowest wax mass, almost no plates were formed, indicating that the polar and amorphous substrate prevents the formation of a platelet structure. In contrast, higher wax masses lead to a growth of the platelets on the wax deposited below. It was clearly visible that the
  • temperatures, reduced humidity, increased UV radiation, or drought stress can lead to increased wax accumulation [55][64][69][70][71]. Therefore, it was also examined whether there were differences in the wax chemistry between the greenhouse plants and the outdoor plants. The results showed hardly any
PDF
Supp Info
Full Research Paper
Published 13 Sep 2022

Comparing the performance of single and multifrequency Kelvin probe force microscopy techniques in air and water

  • Jason I. Kilpatrick,
  • Emrullah Kargin and
  • Brian J. Rodriguez

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 922–943, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.82

Graphical Abstract
  • that are most suitable for operation in liquid environments where bias application can lead to unwanted electrochemical reactions. We conclude that open-loop multifrequency KPFM modes operated with the first harmonic of the electrostatic response on the first eigenmode offer the best performance in
  • bias [28][29]. OL techniques are increasingly being adopted to enable the mapping of voltage-sensitive materials [30][31][32], to enable investigations of fast electrodynamic processes [11][12][13][14] and to enable measurements in liquid environments (where bias application could lead to stray
  • KPFM operation in liquid please see Collins et al. [9]. Our goal in this paper is to identify the OL techniques that provide the greatest performance with the smallest required VAC for operation in liquid environments, where bias application could lead to stray currents and unwanted electrochemical
PDF
Full Research Paper
Published 12 Sep 2022

Efficiency of electron cooling in cold-electron bolometers with traps

  • Dmitrii A. Pimanov,
  • Vladimir A. Frost,
  • Anton V. Blagodatkin,
  • Anna V. Gordeeva,
  • Andrey L. Pankratov and
  • Leonid S. Kuzmin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 896–901, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.80

Graphical Abstract
  • clearly seen since the minimal electron temperatures for 100 and 200 mK are quite close, see Figure 2a. The design of samples C from [7] and OL-G7nn is identical; the only difference is in the normal resistance due to the longer oxidation time of the OL-G7nn sample, which should lead to a thicker
PDF
Album
Full Research Paper
Published 07 Sep 2022

Solar-light-driven LaFexNi1−xO3 perovskite oxides for photocatalytic Fenton-like reaction to degrade organic pollutants

  • Chao-Wei Huang,
  • Shu-Yu Hsu,
  • Jun-Han Lin,
  • Yun Jhou,
  • Wei-Yu Chen,
  • Kun-Yi Andrew Lin,
  • Yu-Tang Lin and
  • Van-Huy Nguyen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 882–895, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.79

Graphical Abstract
  • )3 precipitation, which is called iron sludge. It might decrease the activity and lead to the termination of the Fenton reaction. Second, ferric ions might easily cause complicated chain reactions with organic matters, resulting in the formation of Fe3+ complexes or other intermediate products. Such
PDF
Album
Supp Info
Full Research Paper
Published 05 Sep 2022

Ideal Kerker scattering by homogeneous spheres: the role of gain or loss

  • Qingdong Yang,
  • Weijin Chen,
  • Yuntian Chen and
  • Wei Liu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 828–835, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.73

Graphical Abstract
  • that in [25] it has not been discussed whether Equation 5 and Equation 6 are really compatible. Such discussions concerning compatibility are vitally important, since Equation 5 will not necessarily lead to ideal Kerker scattering of precise zero backscattering. Mismatch among multipoles of three
  • of the extreme case of ideal Kerker scattering, simply discarding those higher-order terms cannot be justified and could even lead to inaccurate conclusions. To verify the claim above, we show in Figure 1c the dependence of the backward scattering efficiency Qb at xA on the imaginary part of
  • symmetry and helicity conservation lead to zero backward scattering, while rotation symmetry and zero backward scattering does not necessarily imply helicity conservation. Discussion There are several significant points worth emphasizing at the end: (i) For numerical demonstrations of perfect multipole
PDF
Album
Full Research Paper
Published 24 Aug 2022

Temperature and chemical effects on the interfacial energy between a Ga–In–Sn eutectic liquid alloy and nanoscopic asperities

  • Yujin Han,
  • Pierre-Marie Thebault,
  • Corentin Audes,
  • Xuelin Wang,
  • Haiwoong Park,
  • Jian-Zhong Jiang and
  • Arnaud Caron

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 817–827, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.72

Graphical Abstract
  • . The surface energy of the eutectic Ga–In–Sn melt at the melting point has been reported to be 587 mN/m [21], while published values for SiOx, PtSi, and Au are = 53 mN/m [22], = 1150–1300 mN/m depending on its orientation [23], = 1710 mN/m [24]. These values lead to the following results for the
PDF
Album
Full Research Paper
Published 23 Aug 2022

Hierachical epicuticular wax coverage on leaves of Deschampsia antarctica as a possible adaptation to severe environmental conditions

  • Elena V. Gorb,
  • Iryna A. Kozeretska and
  • Stanislav N. Gorb

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 807–816, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.71

Graphical Abstract
  • . antarctica provides interesting data about surface adaptations in the plant adapted to low temperatures of Antarctica. Two layers of particulate wax observed here may potentially lead to an increase of the freezing time due to the shift of ice nucleation from the cuticle surface to the tips of wax
  • projections. This, in turn, helps to keep an air layer between the wax particles under conditions of reduced water vapor. Moreover, superhydrophobic surfaces in combination with strong air flow can lead to newly formed ice particles being blown off, since the real contact area and, consequently, the adhesion
PDF
Album
Full Research Paper
Published 22 Aug 2022

Gelatin nanoparticles with tunable mechanical properties: effect of crosslinking time and loading

  • Agnes-Valencia Weiss,
  • Daniel Schorr,
  • Julia K. Metz,
  • Metin Yildirim,
  • Saeed Ahmad Khan and
  • Marc Schneider

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 778–787, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.68

Graphical Abstract
  • particles. In this way, a higher passive drug targeting effect can be achieved, which was explained by enhanced deformability. The enhanced shape flexibility should lead to a higher extravasation rate and less effective clearance mechanisms. This combination leads to an enhanced particle accumulation in the
PDF
Album
Full Research Paper
Published 16 Aug 2022

Recent advances in nanoarchitectures of monocrystalline coordination polymers through confined assembly

  • Lingling Xia,
  • Qinyue Wang and
  • Ming Hu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 763–777, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.67

Graphical Abstract
  • demonstrated in millimeter-sized superstructures formed by ZIF-8 or UiO-66 [131]. Owing to the porous structure of the monocrystalline coordination polymers. The dielectric constant of the particles may be changed upon adsorption of molecules such as organic vapor. This can lead to a change of the structural
PDF
Album
Review
Published 12 Aug 2022

Fabrication and testing of polymer microneedles for transdermal drug delivery

  • Vahid Ebrahiminejad,
  • Zahra Faraji Rad,
  • Philip D. Prewett and
  • Graham J. Davies

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 629–640, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.55

Graphical Abstract
  • printing and TPP techniques [9][10][11]. Although additive manufacturing (AM) techniques are usually viewed as time-consuming processes, modifications and optimizations of printing parameters within the codes and algorithms of AMs can lead to significant reductions in production time [11]. MN arrays are
PDF
Album
Full Research Paper
Published 08 Jul 2022

Quantitative dynamic force microscopy with inclined tip oscillation

  • Philipp Rahe,
  • Daniel Heile,
  • Reinhard Olbrich and
  • Michael Reichling

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 610–619, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.53

Graphical Abstract
  • has been applied. Additionally, a tilted cantilever has been found to lead to a modification of the tip–sample convolution [12], to enhance the sensitivity of the measurement to the probe side [13], and to influence results of multifrequency AFM and Kelvin probe force microscopy [14]. In the presence
PDF
Album
Full Research Paper
Published 06 Jul 2022

Revealing local structural properties of an atomically thin MoSe2 surface using optical microscopy

  • Lin Pan,
  • Peng Miao,
  • Anke Horneber,
  • Alfred J. Meixner,
  • Pierre-Michel Adam and
  • Dai Zhang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 572–581, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.49

Graphical Abstract
  • slightly decrease the in-plane electrical conductivity, whereas mirror twin boundaries lead to photoluminescence quenching and increase the conductivity [17]. Tip-enhanced Raman spectroscopy has been successfully used to visualize the point defect-related Raman vibrational modes in monolayer WS2 and edge
  • nanoparticles, which lead to a redshift by 2 to 4 nm in the photoluminescence peak position as compared to the pristine flake. They attributed the observed photoluminescence redshift to the formation of different states or strains in the presence of oxidation nanoparticles [42]. In Figure 2f, we see redshifts
PDF
Album
Supp Info
Full Research Paper
Published 01 Jul 2022

Stimuli-responsive polypeptide nanogels for trypsin inhibition

  • Petr Šálek,
  • Jana Dvořáková,
  • Sviatoslav Hladysh,
  • Diana Oleshchuk,
  • Ewa Pavlova,
  • Jan Kučka and
  • Vladimír Proks

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 538–548, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.45

Graphical Abstract
  • pancreatitis may lead to chronic pancreatitis with a high risk of consecutive development of cancer [2][3]. The pancreas has exocrine and endocrine functions of which the exocrine function serves to secrete digestive enzymes, such as trypsin, into the intestine. Trypsin belongs to a group of serine proteases
  • pancreatitis [4][5]. Various organisms naturally produce inhibitors of serine proteases to regulate the inappropriate proteolytic activity that may lead to undesirable inflammatory processes [6]. Beneficial biological activity of serine protease inhibitors has been successfully exploited for therapeutic
  • potential of ca. −9 mV. We suppose that PHEG-Tyr nanogel is more expanded due to protonation of the amine groups on side chains [23], which are closer to the surface of nanogel and lead to a slight increase of the zeta potential. When the pH increases, PHEG-Tyr nanogel shrinks and the amine groups on the
PDF
Album
Full Research Paper
Published 22 Jun 2022

Zinc oxide nanostructures for fluorescence and Raman signal enhancement: a review

  • Ioana Marica,
  • Fran Nekvapil,
  • Maria Ștefan,
  • Cosmin Farcău and
  • Alexandra Falamaș

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 472–490, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.40

Graphical Abstract
  • single ionized oxygen vacancies (). The green emission is correlated with vacancies, which capture the electrons from the conduction band turning into a metastable state. The recombination of these captured electrons and the holes in the VB lead to the green emission [102]. Figure 7B shows the mechanism
  • (PEF). The excitation of localized surface plasmon resonances in the metal nanostructures can lead to an enhancement of the local field and emission intensity. The coupling between the confined field of surface plasmons of the metal nanostructure with the emission spectra of the fluorophores is
PDF
Album
Review
Published 27 May 2022

The role of sulfonate groups and hydrogen bonding in the proton conductivity of two coordination networks

  • Ali Javed,
  • Felix Steinke,
  • Stephan Wöhlbrandt,
  • Hana Bunzen,
  • Norbert Stock and
  • Michael Tiemann

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 437–443, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.36

Graphical Abstract
  • File 1, Figure S1) and magnesium chloride hexahydrate (MgCl2⋅6H2O) or lead acetate hydrate (Pb(OAc)3·H2O), respectively, under solvothermal reaction conditions, employing mixtures of water and ethanol as solvent. In the case of [Mg (H2O)2(H3L)]·H2O, sodium hydroxide was used as an additive [13
PDF
Album
Supp Info
Full Research Paper
Published 04 May 2022

Effect of sample treatment on the elastic modulus of locust cuticle obtained by nanoindentation

  • Chuchu Li,
  • Stanislav N. Gorb and
  • Hamed Rajabi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 404–410, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.33

Graphical Abstract
  • , both of these two methods have limitations. As shown in the present study, 60% of the water content of our cuticle specimens evaporated within 15 min after removal from the insect body (Figure 2d). This can potentially lead to a significant change in the measured properties even during this short
PDF
Album
Full Research Paper
Published 22 Apr 2022

Electrostatic pull-in application in flexible devices: A review

  • Teng Cai,
  • Yuming Fang,
  • Yingli Fang,
  • Ruozhou Li,
  • Ying Yu and
  • Mingyang Huang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 390–403, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.32

Graphical Abstract
  • charges, forming a dielectric charging effect. Molinero et al. [52][53] characterized the dielectric charging when the switch electrodes were contacted and proved that the surface dielectric charging caused by friction would lead to a shift of the switch voltage and shorten the life cycles of the switch
PDF
Album
Review
Published 12 Apr 2022

Micro- and nanotechnology in biomedical engineering for cartilage tissue regeneration in osteoarthritis

  • Zahra Nabizadeh,
  • Mahmoud Nasrollahzadeh,
  • Hamed Daemi,
  • Mohamadreza Baghaban Eslaminejad,
  • Ali Akbar Shabani,
  • Mehdi Dadashpour,
  • Majid Mirmohammadkhani and
  • Davood Nasrabadi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 363–389, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.31

Graphical Abstract
PDF
Album
Review
Published 11 Apr 2022

Selected properties of AlxZnyO thin films prepared by reactive pulsed magnetron sputtering using a two-element Zn/Al target

  • Witold Posadowski,
  • Artur Wiatrowski,
  • Jarosław Domaradzki and
  • Michał Mazur

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 344–354, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.29

Graphical Abstract
  • high transparency in the visible wavelength range and, simultaneously, poor intrinsic conductivity. However, substitutional doping by Al replacing Zn provides an extra electron, which can populate the conduction band and lead to an increase in conductivity. This implication is in good agreement with
PDF
Album
Full Research Paper
Published 31 Mar 2022

Controllable two- and three-state magnetization switching in single-layer epitaxial Pd1−xFex films and an epitaxial Pd0.92Fe0.08/Ag/Pd0.96Fe0.04 heterostructure

  • Igor V. Yanilkin,
  • Amir I. Gumarov,
  • Gulnaz F. Gizzatullina,
  • Roman V. Yusupov and
  • Lenar R. Tagirov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 334–343, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.28

Graphical Abstract
  • applied along the semi-easy axis, the magnetization reversal occurs in two jumps (Figure 4a, φH = 42.5°), in the other case, the magnetization reversal occurs in one jump (Figure 4a, φH = 132.5°). Recall that for AMR, the magnetic moment rotation by 180° does not lead to any change in resistance
PDF
Album
Full Research Paper
Published 30 Mar 2022

A broadband detector based on series YBCO grain boundary Josephson junctions

  • Egor I. Glushkov,
  • Alexander V. Chiginev,
  • Leonid S. Kuzmin and
  • Leonid S. Revin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 325–333, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.27

Graphical Abstract
  • of the geometry in Figure 3b, the antenna itself remains unchanged, and the meander becomes longer compared with the first case. This design will not violate the concept of a log-periodic antenna, but due to the proximity of the meander microstripes to the tooth with n = 1, it may lead to distortion
PDF
Album
Full Research Paper
Published 28 Mar 2022

Interfacial nanoarchitectonics for ZIF-8 membranes with enhanced gas separation

  • Season S. Chen,
  • Zhen-Jie Yang,
  • Chia-Hao Chang,
  • Hoong-Uei Koh,
  • Sameerah I. Al-Saeedi,
  • Kuo-Lun Tung and
  • Kevin C.-W. Wu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 313–324, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.26

Graphical Abstract
  • membranes synthesized in this work (Figure 8b). The type of MOF has an influence on the gas separation performance, for instance, CAU-1 exhibits a higher CO2 adsorption capacity than ZIF-8 [45], which may lead to a higher gas permeance. Compared with MOF mixed-matrix membranes (MMMs), ZIF-8 membranes
PDF
Album
Supp Info
Full Research Paper
Published 22 Mar 2022

The effect of metal surface nanomorphology on the output performance of a TENG

  • Yiru Wang,
  • Xin Zhao,
  • Yang Liu and
  • Wenjun Zhou

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 298–312, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.25

Graphical Abstract
  • surface charge density, which, in turn, influences output current and voltage. Size and shape of the particles are related to the performance of TENG. The particle size distributions are given in Figure 7 and Figure 8. Narrower size distributions of copper nanoparticles lead to a higher output performance
  • . Larger size distribution gaps lead to weaker output performance. The charge density of the metal surface is inversely proportional to the curvature radius of the metal surface, that is, the sharper the metal surface, the greater the surface charge density in the sharp part. In sample 4 (0.25 mol/L, 500 A
PDF
Album
Full Research Paper
Published 15 Mar 2022
Other Beilstein-Institut Open Science Activities