Straightforward synthesis of gold nanoparticles by adding water to an engineered small dendrimer

• Sébastien Gottis,
• Régis Laurent,
• Vincent Collière and
• Anne-Marie Caminade

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1110–1118, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.95

• gold nanoparticles since this color corresponds to the surface plasmon resonance wavelength. This is a well-known phenomenon observed in gold nanoparticles [56]. Considering that the gold nanoparticles are spherical, the maximum intensity of the visible spectrum at 545 nm should correspond to a mean

Gas-sensing features of nanostructured tellurium thin films

• Dumitru Tsiulyanu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1010–1018, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.85

• -induced current upon step-change concentration of the target gas. This can be explained based on the concentration-induced phenomenon that induces sensitivity damping in ultrathin films [34]. It is safe to assume that, given the high rate at which the films are grown (30 nm/s), their thickness remains low

Effect of magnetic field, heat generation and absorption on nanofluid flow over a nonlinear stretching sheet

• Santoshi Misra and
• Govardhan Kamatam

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 976–990, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.82

• exchange phenomenon which has applicability to real life problems. Here, the elucidation of extrinsic forces acting on the flow with regard to partial differential equations has been reduced to ordinary differential equations with distinct boundary conditions, and the results were interpreted graphically

Microwave photon detection by an Al Josephson junction

• Leonid S. Revin,
• Andrey L. Pankratov,
• Anna V. Gordeeva,
• Anton A. Yablokov,
• Igor V. Rakut,
• Victor O. Zbrozhek and
• Leonid S. Kuzmin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 960–965, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.80

• then relax into one of the potential minima [24]. When barrier and noise are large, the exit from the well and the subsequent retrapping processes may occur many times at a given bias current. The most evident signature of the phase diffusion phenomenon is the temperature dependence of the switching

Adsorption behavior of tin phthalocyanine onto the (110) face of rutile TiO₂

• Lukasz Bodek,
• Mads Engelund,
• Aleksandra Cebrat and
• Bartosz Such

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 821–828, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.67

• thought-provoking phenomenon. The XPS results described above suggest that the switching of the molecules is not accompanied by the creation of new chemical bonds. The interaction likely originates from a physical background. The characteristic feature of saucer-shaped phthalocyanines, such as SnPc, is

• through the correct orientation is quite small. This is in contrast to molecules possessing anchoring moieties at the edges for which the rotation can lead to significant changes. Such a phenomenon was observed for CuTPP deposited onto the TiO2(110) surface [34], where molecular rotation allowed for the

Hexagonal boron nitride: a review of the emerging material platform for single-photon sources and the spin–photon interface

• Stefania Castelletto,
• Faraz A. Inam,
• Shin-ichiro Sato and
• Alberto Boretti

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 740–769, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.61

• to be inherent to the BN molecular layer in the range λ = 300–500 nm was already observed by Larach et al. [89] more than 60 years ago. Katzir et al. [90] observed a blue PL continuum in the range 390–450 nm (excitation at 320 nm) and attributed this phenomenon to deep levels of carbon impurities

Electromigration-induced directional steps towards the formation of single atomic Ag contacts

• Atasi Chatterjee,
• Christoph Tegenkamp and
• Herbert Pfnür

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 680–687, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.55

• possible, since such a range of instability was not found in experiments with other techniques. At this point, due to the limited available data set involving only Ag contacts, it remains unclear how general this phenomenon is. It may, however, be related to the observed instability of other thinning

Silver-decorated gel-shell nanobeads: physicochemical characterization and evaluation of antibacterial properties

• Marta Bartel,
• Katarzyna Markowska,
• Marcin Strawski,
• Krystyna Wolska and
• Maciej Mazur

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 620–630, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.49

• reduced to a thiol moiety [37]. If this is the case, it may be hypothesized that the generated thiols adsorb on the surface of the silver nanoparticles (the adsorption of thiols on silver surfaces is a well-known phenomenon). It should be noted, however, that the binding energy of sulfur in aromatic

Luminescent gold nanoclusters for bioimaging applications

• Nonappa

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 533–546, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.42

• luminescent nanomaterials [30]. Despite the early discovery of the luminescence phenomenon in bulk gold and gold films, the PL of gold remained unexplored for several decades [31][32]. This is attributed to the low quantum yield (10−10), which limited the practical application and the understanding of the

• luminescence phenomenon in detail. The realization by Wilcoxon et al. that AuNPs with sizes of less than 5 nm show luminescence has provided the foundation for extensive investigation on various nanostructures [33]. Since the 1990s, several groups have reported AuNPs, including gold nanorods showing

• quantum confinement, and the evolution of continuous or quasicontinuous bands (of bulk gold) into discrete electronic states [40]. Another attractive property of AuNCs is photoluminescence (PL), a phenomenon that is much less understood than the surface plasmon resonance of plasmonic gold nanoparticles

Multilayer capsules made of weak polyelectrolytes: a review on the preparation, functionalization and applications in drug delivery

• Varsha Sharma and
• Anandhakumar Sundaramurthy

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 508–532, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.41

Evolution of Ag nanostructures created from thin films: UV–vis absorption and its theoretical predictions

• Robert Kozioł,
• Marcin Łapiński,
• Paweł Syty,
• Damian Koszelow,
• Wojciech Sadowski,
• Józef E. Sienkiewicz and
• Barbara Kościelska

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 494–507, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.40

• ][4][5]. The principle of some of these sensors is the resonant enhancement of a local electromagnetic field as well as a sharp spectral absorption, which can be achieved by exploiting localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR). This phenomenon is based on collective oscillations of free electrons

Understanding nanoparticle flow with a new in vitro experimental and computational approach using hydrogel channels

• Armel Boutchuen,
• Dell Zimmerman,
• Abdollah Arabshahi,
• John Melnyczuk and
• Soubantika Palchoudhury

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 296–309, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.22

• trajectory of NPs. In the case of soft hydrogel-based flow channels constructed to mimic vascular networks, the larger sized NPs moved slower than the smaller NPs, similar to trends seen in macroscale objects. This phenomenon could be explained in terms of two factors, a dominance of Brownian forces over

• phenomenon suggested a slightly lower influence of the surrounding fluid and Brownian motion on the NP flow in this concentration range. However, the quantity of NPs lost due to binding or deposition showed a decreasing quadratic correlation with NP size at the highest inlet mass concentration (5.24 g Fe

• ). This phenomenon showed a dominance of particle properties and diffusion-dominated binding and deposition at the highest concentration. Recently, Liu et al. and Decuzzi et al. reported computational models predicting a similar inverse correlation of NP adhesion with size in diffusion-driven flow [18][49

Phase inversion-based nanoemulsions of medium chain triglyceride as potential drug delivery system for parenteral applications

• Eike Folker Busmann,
• Dailén García Martínez,
• Henrike Lucas and
• Karsten Mäder

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 213–224, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.16

• increased unexpectedly exponential-like instead of approaching the expected plateau above the critical micelle concentration. Intense literature research revealed only a single publication by Viegas and Henry [15] describing such a phenomenon for strongly interacting nonionic surfactants. The osmolality of

• solutions of such surfactants increases nonlinearly with the solute concentration due to increasing polymer–solvent hydrogen bonding at low temperatures, which prevents the flow of solvent molecules in the solution and thus affects osmosis. This phenomenon is described by a modified polynomial van’t Hoff

The effect of heat treatment on the morphology and mobility of Au nanoparticles

• Sven Oras,
• Sergei Vlassov,
• Simon Vigonski,
• Boris Polyakov,
• Mikk Antsov,
• Vahur Zadin,
• Rünno Lõhmus and
• Karine Mougin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 61–67, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.6

• rounded. The reduced melting temperature of NPs compared to their bulk counterparts is not a new phenomenon. In 1976, Buffat and Borel [24] demonstrated that the melting temperature of Au NPs is size-dependent. However, the decrease of the melting temperature presented in their work was only up to a few

An investigation on the drag reduction performance of bioinspired pipeline surfaces with transverse microgrooves

• Weili Liu,
• Hongjian Ni,
• Peng Wang and
• Yi Zhou

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 24–40, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.3

• surface morphology of shark skin and bird feathers. In Figure 1a, it is evident that the surface of shark skin is rough and covered with microgrooves. Sharks are known to be one of the fastest fish in the ocean. The phenomenon of nonsmooth surfaces with low drag has attracted the attention of researchers

Fully amino acid-based hydrogel as potential scaffold for cell culturing and drug delivery

• Dávid Juriga,
• Evelin Sipos,
• Orsolya Hegedűs,
• Gábor Varga,
• Miklós Zrínyi,
• Krisztina S. Nagy and
• Angéla Jedlovszky-Hajdú

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2579–2593, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.249

• ∙ggel for the 20CYS-LYS and the 0CYS-LYS hydrogel. A possible explanation of this phenomenon is the following. Metoprolol has a secondary amino group, which is protonated under these conditions leading to a weak interaction with the negatively charged PASP. As we demonstrated in previous experiments

Antimony deposition onto Au(111) and insertion of Mg

• Lingxing Zan,
• Da Xing,
• Abdelaziz Ali Abd-El-Latif and
• Helmut Baltruschat

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2541–2552, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.245

• ) species, probably SbO+, which are formed in acid electrolyte and irreversibly adsorbed on the Au surface at a potential more positive than the underpotential deposition (UPD) potential [9]. Later, the fundamental research of this phenomenon of irreversible adsorption and UPD of Sb was investigated by

Plasmonic nanosensor based on multiple independently tunable Fano resonances

• Lin Cheng,
• Zelong Wang,
• Xiaodong He and
• Pengfei Cao

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2527–2537, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.243

• optical phenomenon which occurs in the coupling of electromagnetic waves with free electrons at the metal–dielectric interface [1]. It can overcome the classical diffraction limit of light. Based on this property, metal–dielectric–metal (MDM) waveguides have been designed and widely applied to manipulate

• performance of the nanosensor. Figure 6e shows the spectra under three special values of θ. Obviously the red and blue lines have five peaks whilst the black dashed line has only four, and peak5 will disappear when θ is 180°. In order to further reveal this interesting phenomenon, we simulate the dependence

• in Figure 7. When θ = 0°, as shown in Figure 7a, Eup and Edown are the mirror counterparts, which produced a typical destructive interference, resulting in low transmission. A similar phenomenon happens when θ = 180°. When θ is closer to 20°, the electric field is coupled to one end of cavity3, Eup

Label-free highly sensitive probe detection with novel hierarchical SERS substrates fabricated by nanoindentation and chemical reaction methods

• Jingran Zhang,
• Tianqi Jia,
• Yongda Yan,
• Li Wang,
• Peng Miao,
• Yimin Han,
• Xinming Zhang,
• Guangfeng Shi,
• Yanquan Geng,
• Zhankun Weng,
• Daniel Laipple and
• Zuobin Wang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2483–2496, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.239

• for the ultrasensitive detection of molecules [1][2][3][4]. Compared with traditional Raman scattering technology, SERS is a surface phenomenon associated with the amplification of Raman intensity by several orders of magnitude for analyte molecules. The high resolution results from the combination of

Abrupt elastic-to-plastic transition in pentagonal nanowires under bending

• Sergei Vlassov,
• Magnus Mets,
• Boris Polyakov,
• Jianjun Bian,
• Leonid Dorogin and
• Vahur Zadin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2468–2476, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.237

• of nanometers to tens of micrometers. Some of the NWs had a clearly pronounced angled profile that resembled some sort of a so-called “greenstick fracture” (Figure 3). Visually very a similar phenomenon was reported for Ag NWs by Peng et al. [39] and explained as the joining of two adjacent NWs. In

Multiple Fano resonances with flexible tunablity based on symmetry-breaking resonators

• Xiao bin Ren,
• Kun Ren,
• Ying Zhang,
• Cheng guo Ming and
• Qun Han

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2459–2467, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.236

• increase of the outer radius R the transmission peak moves to longer wavelengths. Note that the red-shift in Figure 3b is smaller compared with that in Figure 3a. We attribute this phenomenon to different impacts of Leff and neff on the transmission. When outer radius R increases from 135 to 175 nm, the

• clockwise from 0° to −90°, a similar phenomenon is observed (Figure 5c). A new resonance peak 2 appears and gradually increases its amplitude. Meanwhile, peak 1 is gradually decreasing. We note that the line widths of peak 2 in Figure 5a and Figure 5b differ. The electric field distributions for peak 1 and

• plotted in Figure 8. A similar phenomenon is observed. One or two resonances of band II appear as the deviation angle ϕ2 changes. Furthermore, the wavelength interval between resonance peaks 3 and 4 gets larger with increased d. However, the resonances of band I are independent of ϕ2. This behavior

Semitransparent Sb₂S₃ thin film solar cells by ultrasonic spray pyrolysis for use in solar windows

• Jako S. Eensalu,
• Atanas Katerski,
• Erki Kärber,
• Lothar Weinhardt,
• Monika Blum,
• Clemens Heske,
• Wanli Yang,
• Ilona Oja Acik and
• Malle Krunks

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2396–2409, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.230

• on light intensity in these solar cells, as will be discussed later on. The EQE shoulder at around 650 nm (Figure 3b), indicates the presence of a beneficial phenomenon called the optical spacer effect, which can occur in solar cells with a very thin absorber [21][62][63]. The optical spacer effect

Design of a nanostructured mucoadhesive system containing curcumin for buccal application: from physicochemical to biological aspects

• Sabrina Barbosa de Souza Ferreira,
• Gustavo Braga,
• Évelin Lemos Oliveira,
• Jéssica Bassi da Silva,
• Hélen Cássia Rosseto,
• Lidiane Vizioli de Castro Hoshino,
• Mauro Luciano Baesso,
• Wilker Caetano,
• Craig Murdoch,
• Helen Elizabeth Colley and
• Marcos Luciano Bruschi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2304–2328, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.222

• rheology analysis. On the other hand, CUR did not significantly (p = 0.06597) influence the adhesiveness values of different preparations. This phenomenon has been observed for other polymer blends containing hydrophobic drugs [7] since the mucoadhesive properties are obtained by the interaction between

Four self-made free surface electrospinning devices for high-throughput preparation of high-quality nanofibers

• Yue Fang and
• Lan Xu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2261–2274, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.218

• small, and its electric field intensities are the largest. Hence, multiple jets are produced on the entire solution surface, as displayed in Figure 3D. The smooth spherical shape of the reservoir makes the electric field distribution more uniform, while the tip discharge phenomenon appearing on the arc

Design and facile synthesis of defect-rich C-MoS₂/rGO nanosheets for enhanced lithium–sulfur battery performance

• Chengxiang Tian,
• Juwei Wu,
• Zheng Ma,
• Bo Li,
• Pengcheng Li,
• Xiaotao Zu and
• Xia Xiang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2251–2260, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.217

• -rich structure as shown in the white circles in Figure 2e and Figure 2g. A similar phenomenon is also observed for C-MoS2/rGO-4 and C-MoS2/rGO-8 as shown in Figure S1e and Figure S1g (Supporting Information File 1). The additional edges are generated by breaking of the basal planes due to disordered

• of pristine MoS2 but not in that of the C-MoS2/rGO and C-MoS2/rGO-6 composite. This is ascribed to carbon layers and rGO nanosheets destroying the stacking of MoS2 layers, leading to the vanishing of these characteristic peaks. An analogous phenomenon has been described in other works [33][34]. The