Self-assembly of octadecyltrichlorosilane: Surface structures formed using different protocols of particle lithography

• ChaMarra K. Saner,
• Kathie L. Lusker,
• Zorabel M. LeJeune,
• Wilson K. Serem and
• Jayne C. Garno

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2012, 3, 114–122, doi:10.3762/bjnano.3.12

• latex were cleaned by centrifugation to remove surfactants or contaminants. Approximately 300 µL of the latex solution was placed into a microcentrifuge tube and centrifuged at 15,000 rpm for 15 min. A solid pellet was formed, and the supernatant was removed and replaced with deionized water. The latex

Synthesis and catalytic applications of combined zeolitic/mesoporous materials

• Jarian Vernimmen,
• Vera Meynen and
• Pegie Cool

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2011, 2, 785–801, doi:10.3762/bjnano.2.87

• polymeric organized systems (POS), mostly identical to the surfactants applied for the formation of purely mesoporous materials. Other surfactants are also being developed specifically for their beneficial influence on the formation of mesoporous materials with zeolitic character. Hard templating route

• stems of plants [119], have been put forward as relatively inexpensive and abundantly available templates. Soft templating route: When synthesizing combined zeolitic/mesoporous materials by the soft templating route, mesopores are formed by using, in most cases, the same surfactants (MOS/POS) as for

• guarantee the formation of a true hierarchical mesoporous zeolite [138][139][140][141] is the use of tailor-made organic–inorganic hybrid surfactants. Here, a silylated surfactant is applied in combination with a synthesis gel with the composition of a zeolite. The covalent bonding between the zeolite

Approaches to nanostructure control and functionalizations of polymer@silica hybrid nanograss generated by biomimetic silica mineralization on a self-assembled polyamine layer

• Jian-Jun Yuan and
• Ren-Hua Jin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2011, 2, 760–773, doi:10.3762/bjnano.2.84

• additives, mediators or templates [13][14]. This is completely different from the conventional silica deposition, which requires nonideal conditions, such as elevated temperature, extreme pH, and the presence of either a large amount of surfactants and/or organic cosolvents [15][16][17][18]. Moreover, it is

Generation and agglomeration behaviour of size-selected sub-nm iron clusters as catalysts for the growth of carbon nanotubes

• Ravi Joshi,
• Benjamin Waldschmidt,
• Jörg Engstler,
• Rolf Schäfer and
• Jörg J. Schneider

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2011, 2, 734–739, doi:10.3762/bjnano.2.80

• size due to further agglomeration processes. During CNT growth, adsorbed hydrocarbons, hydrogen gas and water are present in a significant excess on the iron cluster surface, and thus these “surfactants” will certainly modify the surface energy of the catalyst clusters [23], and may have an additional

Ceria/silicon carbide core–shell materials prepared by miniemulsion technique

• Lars Borchardt,
• Martin Oschatz,
• Robert Frind,
• Emanuel Kockrick,
• Martin R. Lohe,
• Christoph P. Hauser,
• Clemens K. Weiss,
• Katharina Landfester,
• Bernd Büchner and
• Stefan Kaskel

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2011, 2, 638–644, doi:10.3762/bjnano.2.67

• core–shell particles prepared by the miniemulsion technique. The Si(O)C core was obtained by means of a polycarbosilane precursor (SMP10), which was subsequently functionalized with ceria and pyrolyzed to the ceramic. The size of these particles could easily be adjusted by varying the surfactants and

• usually the inverse miniemulsion technique has to be applied. Here, water soluble precursor compounds (e.g., Ti- or Si-glycolates, Zr or Ce-salts) for sol–gel synthesis and, if desired, templating surfactants, such as CTAB, are dissolved in water, acting as the dispersed phase. After miniemulsification

• approach were reported by Kroke et al. [33]. Here we present a new method to achieve catalytic functionalization and control of the particle size for these spheres either by using different surfactants, surfactant concentrations or by copolymerization with comonomers such as styrene (Sty), methyl

Inorganic–organic hybrid materials through post-synthesis modification: Impact of the treatment with azides on the mesopore structure

• Miriam Keppeler,
• Jürgen Holzbock,
• Johanna Akbarzadeh,
• Herwig Peterlik and
• Nicola Hüsing

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2011, 2, 486–498, doi:10.3762/bjnano.2.52

• (ethylene oxide)-based polymer. In our group, silicon diolates in the presence of surfactants were applied for the preparation of monolithic gels (silica and inorganic–organic hybrid networks) with a cellular network built up of macropores of about 2 μm diameter and periodically arranged mesopores of 7 nm

Platinum nanoparticles from size adjusted functional colloidal particles generated by a seeded emulsion polymerization process

• Nicolas Vogel,
• Ulrich Ziener,
• Achim Manzke,
• Alfred Plettl,
• Paul Ziemann,
• Johannes Biskupek,
• Clemens K. Weiss and
• Katharina Landfester

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2011, 2, 459–472, doi:10.3762/bjnano.2.50

• nanoparticles [17][18][19][20]. Here, the monomer droplets are preformed by ultrasonication and critically stabilized against coagulation by the addition of surfactants. Ostwald ripening, the mechanism that leads to formation of bigger particles at the expense of smaller ones due to the higher Laplace pressure

• marginally grew in size, and most of the monomer added was found as a polymeric film covering the complete surface. This is not surprising as non-ionic surfactants are known to stabilize colloids less efficiently than charged ones. Thus, significantly larger amounts of non-ionic surfactants are usually

• the reaction details, respectively. First, sodium chloride was added to the continuous phase. The presence of salt affects the stability of colloidal particles as the extension of the electrical double layer of ionic surfactants present at the colloid interface is reduced by the counter ions of the

Plasmonic nanostructures fabricated using nanosphere-lithography, soft-lithography and plasma etching

• Manuel R. Gonçalves,
• Taron Makaryan,
• Fabian Enderle,
• Stefan Wiedemann,
• Alfred Plettl,
• Othmar Marti and
• Paul Ziemann

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2011, 2, 448–458, doi:10.3762/bjnano.2.49

• , 500 nm, 900 nm, 1000 nm, 1100 nm and 3 μm diameter were used. The suspensions conform the NIST Standards and have sharp size distributions of 1.0% to 2.5%. According to the supplier some proprietary surfactants may be added to the suspension. Volumes of 1 mL were centrifuged until full sedimentation

• of the beads was achieved. After removal of the liquid, the same volume of MilliQ water was added and the sediment beads resuspended. The process was repeated three times in order to remove surfactants of the suspension, which prevent the aggregation of the beads, but limit the quality and size of

Dynamics of capillary infiltration of liquids into a highly aligned multi-walled carbon nanotube film

• Sławomir Boncel,
• Krzysztof Z. Walczak and
• Krzysztof K. K. Koziol

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2011, 2, 311–317, doi:10.3762/bjnano.2.36

• entirely alter their interface performance, from highly lipophilic to even lipophobic [12][13]. In turn, preparation of aqueous dispersions of CNTs requires the use of low or high molecular weight surfactants [14]. Most of the theoretical approaches concerning dispersibility of CNTs in various liquids

• [39]. In order to draw further conclusions for the water-based systems a variety of surfactants with different concentrations would have to be examined. Conclusion Infiltration by a variety of organic liquids, aqueous ionic/non-ionic solutions and metallic mercury into a model HACNT film was studied

Extended X-ray absorption fine structure of bimetallic nanoparticles

• Carolin Antoniak

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2011, 2, 237–251, doi:10.3762/bjnano.2.28

• nanoparticles follows the approach by S. Sun et al. [84] by the reduction of platinum diacetylacetonate, Pt(acac)2 and thermal decomposition of iron pentacarbonyl, Fe(CO)5, in hexadecane-1,2-diol at about 300 °C. The chemical reactions were initiated in the presence of the surfactants oleic acid and oleyl amine

• , thus providing a route to synthesise nanoparticles of a chemically disordered FexPt1−x alloy surrounded by the surfactants. After cooling to room temperature, the particles were precipitated by adding ethanol and separated by centrifugation. After this procedure, the particles were dispersed in n

• -hexane with surfactants, precipitated out and centrifuged once again. This can be repeated several times, until a stable dispersion of nanoparticles in n-hexane is obtained. The nanoparticles can be brought onto a naturally oxidised Si substrate using the spin coating technique, dip coating or just by

Magnetic nanoparticles for biomedical NMR-based diagnostics

• Huilin Shao,
• Tae-Jong Yoon,
• Monty Liong,
• Ralph Weissleder and
• Hakho Lee

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2010, 1, 142–154, doi:10.3762/bjnano.1.17

• prepared via an aqueous co-precipitation method [25][26]. During these hydrolytic processes, control of solution pH and the addition of suitable coating surfactants are critical for regulating the nanoparticle size as well as the magnetic properties. Unfortunately, depending on the synthesis procedure used

• , magnetization can vary significantly among nanoparticles of similar sizes. More recently, high quality MNPs have been prepared through thermal decomposition of organometallic precursors, in nonhydrolytic organic solutions containing surfactants [15][16][27][28][29]. Monomers are generated via high-temperature

Preparation and characterization of supported magnetic nanoparticles prepared by reverse micelles

• Ulf Wiedwald,
• Luyang Han,
• Johannes Biskupek,
• Ute Kaiser and
• Paul Ziemann

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2010, 1, 24–47, doi:10.3762/bjnano.1.5

• flexibility to produce monatomic [28] as well as bimetallic NPs [24][29][30]. However, due to the preparation technique the NPs are covered by surfactants which may alter the magnetic properties of NPs [31]. Common to all the mentioned approaches is that oxides are formed when the NPs are exposed to ambient

• colloidal particles are dispersed at low concentration in a salt matrix which allows high-temperature annealing without NP coalescence. After removal of the salt matrix and recovery of NPs applying surfactants as spacers, the particles show size-dependent degrees of chemical order, coercive fields