Recent advances in photothermal nanomaterials for ophthalmic applications

• Jiayuan Zhuang,
• Linhui Jia,
• Chenghao Li,
• Rui Yang,
• Jiapeng Wang,
• Wen-an Wang,
• Heng Zhou and
• Xiangxia Luo

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 195–215, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.16

• concentrations (e.g., TiOx, WO3−x, MoO3−x) can undergo photothermal conversion through LSPR, further enhancing their potential in generating VNBs [91]. 3 Treatment of ophthalmic diseases with photothermal nanomaterials 3.1 Ocular tumors Ocular tumors significantly jeopardize both the vision and lives of patients

Plasmonic nanotechnology for photothermal applications – an evaluation

• A. R. Indhu,
• L. Keerthana and
• Gnanaprakash Dharmalingam

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 380–419, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.33

Sputtering onto liquids: a critical review

• Anastasiya Sergievskaya,
• Adrien Chauvin and
• Stephanos Konstantinidis

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 10–53, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.2

TiO_x/Pt₃Ti(111) surface-directed formation of electronically responsive supramolecular assemblies of tungsten oxide clusters

• Marco Moors,
• Yun An,
• Agnieszka Kuc and
• Kirill Yu. Monakhov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 203–212, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.16

• field-triggered electronic manipulation of nanoscopic W3O9 clusters. Depending on the operating conditions, two different stable oxide phases, z’-TiOx and w’-TiOx, were produced. These phases show a strong effect on the adsorption characteristics and reactivity of W3O9 clusters, which are formed as a

• result of thermal evaporation of WO3 powder on the complex TiOx/Pt3Ti(111) surfaces under ultra-high vacuum conditions. The physisorbed tritungsten nano-oxides were found as isolated single units located on the metallic attraction points or as supramolecular self-assemblies with a W3O9-capped hexagonal

• titanium oxide layers grown on a Pt3Ti(111) surface. The given case study with the nanoscopic W3O9 clusters as the main components of tungsten trioxide vapor, which have been evidenced by mass spectrometric studies [9][10], showcases remarkable TiOx/Pt3Ti(111)-directed reactivity of W3O9 to hierarchical

Improved adsorption and degradation performance by S-doping of (001)-TiO₂

• Xiao-Yu Sun,
• Xian Zhang,
• Xiao Sun,
• Ni-Xian Qian,
• Min Wang and
• Yong-Qing Ma

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2116–2127, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.206

• TiO2 and TiOx for Ti [40][41] and TiO2 and –OH for O [42][43]. Moreover, the ratios of the CSs of Ti and O in TiO2 do not change significantly with RS/Ti when S-doping is carried out at 180 °C. The core-level XP spectra of the Ti 2p, O 1s and S 2p regions for all the S-doped samples synthesized at 250

Kelvin probe force microscopy work function characterization of transition metal oxide crystals under ongoing reduction and oxidation

• Dominik Wrana,
• Karol Cieślik,
• Wojciech Belza,
• Christian Rodenbücher,
• Krzysztof Szot and
• Franciszek Krok

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1596–1607, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.155

• [9] or Ti/TiOx/Ti memristive devices [10]. Of the two KPFM operation modes, frequency modulation (FM) has proven to be more suitable for the investigation of oxide nanostructures (due to the higher lateral resolution) as compared to amplitude modulation (AM) [11]. Therefore, in our study, we present

Comparative study of antibacterial properties of polystyrene films with TiO_x and Cu nanoparticles fabricated using cluster beam technique

• Vladimir N. Popok,
• Cesarino M. Jeppesen,
• Peter Fojan,
• Anna Kuzminova,
• Jan Hanuš and
• Ondřej Kylián

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 861–869, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.80

• particles resistant against wash-out. The formed composite films with TiOx and Cu species are tested as bactericidal media using E.coli bacteria as model microorganisms. Conclusion: The obtained results show considerable efficiency in destroying the bacteria and a good possibility of multiple re-use of the

• technique and the material properties as well as on the comparison of bactericidal efficiency of the prepared composites with either TiOx or Cu NPs against E.coli bacteria as a model microorganism. Results and Discussion Morphology and composition of deposited clusters Copper cluster are deposited from the

• different ways (see Experimental section for details) and denoted as “type 1”, “type 2” and “type 3”. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images of the Ti/TiOx NPs for all three types are shown in Figure 3. The particles of type 1 and 2 predominantly have polyhedral shapes while NPs of type 3 are more

Influence of the preparation method on the photocatalytic activity of Nd-modified TiO₂

• Patrycja Parnicka,
• Paweł Mazierski,
• Tomasz Grzyb,
• Wojciech Lisowski,
• Ewa Kowalska,
• Bunsho Ohtani,
• Adriana Zaleska-Medynska and
• Joanna Nadolna

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 447–459, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.43

• smaller Nd concentration (compare the C/Ti and Nd/Ti atomic concentration values in Table 2). The inspection of the XPS data in Table 3 reveals that the contribution of Ti–Osurf (Ti–(OH)–Ti, TiOx) and C–OH fractions in the surface region of 0.25% Nd-TiO2(HT) is larger than in other samples. This clearly

Laser irradiation in water for the novel, scalable synthesis of black TiO_x photocatalyst for environmental remediation

• Massimo Zimbone,
• Giuseppe Cacciato,
• Mohamed Boutinguiza,
• Vittorio Privitera and
• Maria Grazia Grimaldi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 196–202, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.21

• hydrogen pressure and long annealing treatments. In this work, we present an industrially scalable synthesis of TiO2-based material based on laser irradiation. The resulting black TiOx shows a high activity and adsorbs visible radiation, overcoming the main concerns related to the use of TiO2 under solar

• irradiation. We employed a commercial high repetition rate green laser in order to synthesize a black TiOx layer and we demonstrate the scalability of the present methodology. The photocatalyst is composed of a nanostructured titanate film (TiOx) synthetized on a titanium foil, directly back-contacted to a

• layer of Pt nanoparticles (PtNps) deposited on the rear side of the same foil. The result is a monolithic photochemical diode with a stacked, layered structure (TiOx/Ti/PtNps). The resulting high photo-efficiency is ascribed to both the scavenging of electrons by Pt nanoparticles and the presence of

NO gas sensing at room temperature using single titanium oxide nanodot sensors created by atomic force microscopy nanolithography

• Li-Yang Hong and
• Heh-Nan Lin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1044–1051, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.97

• spectroscopy analysis confirmed that the Ti was oxidized [32]. The compositions of the NDs, however, cannot be exactly determined and are simply TiOx. Also, sensor A has a larger resistance due to the smaller ND size. (The current–voltage relationships of the two ND sensors before NO sensing are shown in

• Figure S1 in Supporting Information File 1.) We discussed the electrical properties of the sensors in our previous report [32]. A TiOx ND behaves like an n-type semiconductor due to oxygen vacancies. When NO molecules (or O2 molecules under ambient environment) adsorb on the ND surface, they become

Distribution of Pd clusters on ultrathin, epitaxial TiO_x films on Pt₃Ti(111)

• Christian Breinlich,
• Maria Buchholz,
• Marco Moors,
• Tobias Pertram,
• Conrad Becker and
• Klaus Wandelt

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 2007–2014, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.204

• Scanning tunnelling microscopy (STM) was used to investigate the nucleation and growth of palladium clusters on two different, ultrathin, epitaxial, titania films grown on a Pt3Ti(111) surface. The first oxide phase, z'-TiOx, is anisotropic and consists of parallel stripes separated by trenches. Defects

• (i.e., oxygen vacancies) in this structure are confined to these trenches and act as nucleation sites. Therefore, the Pd clusters are mostly arranged in unidirectional rows along the trenches, creating a template effect. The second phase, w'-TiOx, exhibits a hexagonal, long range, (7 × 7)R21.8°, Moiré

• this sense we concentrate here on the preparation of uniform Pd clusters on two different, ultrathin, epitaxial TiOx films grown on a chemically ordered, Pt3Ti(111), single crystal surface. One of the TiOx films has a rectangular structure and the other a hexagonal structure. In a recent publication we

Current state of laser synthesis of metal and alloy nanoparticles as ligand-free reference materials for nano-toxicological assays

• Christoph Rehbock,
• Jurij Jakobi,
• Lisa Gamrad,
• Selina van der Meer,
• Daniela Tiedemann,
• Ulrike Taylor,
• Wilfried Kues,
• Detlef Rath and
• Stephan Barcikowski

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 1523–1541, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.165

• with evenly distributed elemental compositions (Ti: 50 ± 4%; Ni: 50 ± 4%) were found. Interestingly, particles with even distributions as well as Ti-rich particles revealed a highly distinctive elemental segregation (Figure 9B); the predominant structure in this case was a Ni core surrounded by a TiOx

Microstructural and plasmonic modifications in Ag–TiO₂ and Au–TiO₂ nanocomposites through ion beam irradiation

• Venkata Sai Kiran Chakravadhanula,
• Yogendra Kumar Mishra,
• Venkata Girish Kotnur,
• Devesh Kumar Avasthi,
• Thomas Strunskus,
• Vladimir Zaporotchenko,
• Dietmar Fink,
• Lorenz Kienle and
• Franz Faupel

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 1419–1431, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.154

• crystals with various morphologies were observed [48]. In addition, small TiOx fragments were found at higher fluences. Since growth of Ag nanoparticle with such a large dimension was unexpected, detailed TEM investigations on these large particles were performed and measurements revealed that they were

• TiOx crystals. The TEM, SAED, and corresponding simulation pattern is shown in Figure 8. The detailed TEM, SAED, and EDAX studies confirmed the formation of crystalline TiO phase after SHI irradiation. The formed crystals are of the order of 400 nm in size and exhibit a similar d-spacing as reported

Artificial sunlight and ultraviolet light induced photo-epoxidation of propylene over V-Ti/MCM-41 photocatalyst

• Van-Huy Nguyen,
• Shawn D. Lin,
• Jeffrey Chi-Sheng Wu and
• Hsunling Bai

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 566–576, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.67

• the first systematic investigation of the photo-epoxidation of propylene over more than 50 silica-supported metal oxides, in which TiOx/SiO2 was the most effective photocatalyst [20]. Amano et al. reported that Rb-ion-modified V2O5/SiO2 was their best photo-epoxidation catalyst under UV-C light [24

Synthesis and catalytic applications of combined zeolitic/mesoporous materials

• Jarian Vernimmen,
• Vera Meynen and
• Pegie Cool

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2011, 2, 785–801, doi:10.3762/bjnano.2.87

• reactions [157]. Next to the amount of Ti present in the nanoporous materials, an equally important aspect that will have a large influence on the catalysis is the Ti coordination. Table 4 gives an overview of the different techniques that can be applied to determine the coordination. TiOx species can be