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Search for "XRD" in Full Text gives 561 result(s) in Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnology. Showing first 200.

Synthesis of biowaste-derived carbon-dot-mediated silver nanoparticles and the evaluation of electrochemical properties for supercapacitor electrodes

  • Navya Kumari Tenkayala,
  • Chandan Kumar Maity,
  • Md Moniruzzaman and
  • Subramani Devaraju

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 933–943, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.71

Graphical Abstract
  • contour map of PG-CDs-AgNPs, which suggests the PL emission in the blue range. The crystalline nature of the PG-CDs-AgNPs was established from the X-ray diffraction pattern. Figure 2a displays an XRD pattern of the PG-CDs-AgNPs synthesized via PG-CDs mediated reduction. According to the XRD pattern, the
  • phase composition could be classified according to the face-centered cubic structure of silver. The XRD spectrum showed that the formed PG-CDs-AgNPs were nanocrystals, as confirmed by the peaks at 2θ ≈ 28.20°, 32.66°, 38.61°, 46.60°, and 57.86°. These Bragg diffraction peaks are equivalent to the (110
  • ), (111), (121), (200), and (311) planes, which can be seen in the face-centered cubic structure of silver [28][29]. The XRD analysis of the PG-CDs-AgNPs produced via PG-CDs mediated reduction resembles the crystalline phase as referenced by (JCPDS File No. 84-0713) data [30]. Furthermore, the XPS
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Published 24 Jun 2025

Structural and magnetic properties of microwave-synthesized reduced graphene oxide/VO2/Fe2O3 nanocomposite

  • Sumanta Sahoo,
  • Ankur Sood and
  • Sung Soo Han

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 921–932, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.70

Graphical Abstract
  • . nitric acid (HNO3), and ethanol were obtained from Duksan Pure Chemicals Co. Ltd. Graphite powder was supplied by Sigma-Aldrich. Instrumentation and characterization techniques The “PANalytical, X’Pert-PRO MPD” instrument (Cu Kα line; λ = 1.5406 Å) was utilized to carry out the XRD analyses of rGO and
  • surfaces through substantial interactions. To confirm the formation of the ternary NC, the XRD analysis of the GVF was performed. As shown in Figure 3a, the characteristic peaks of GVF corresponding to the α phase of Fe2O3 and VO2, along with the signature peak of rGO were observed. To be specific, the
  • oxide while oxidizing ferrocene alongside Fe3O4, which is formed as a major iron oxide component during the MW irradiation process. Nevertheless, the XRD pattern of the GV demonstrates the characteristic peaks of VO2, according to the JCPDS card no. 01-072-0514 [32]. Specifically, the peaks at the
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Published 20 Jun 2025

Facile one-step radio frequency magnetron sputtering of Ni/NiO on stainless steel for an efficient electrode for hydrogen evolution reaction

  • Ha Huu Do,
  • Khac Binh Nguyen,
  • Phuong N. Nguyen and
  • Hoai Phuong Pham

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 837–846, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.63

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  • potential regarding industrial application. Results and Discussion Crystal structure and phase of the as-synthesized electrodes were verified by X-ray diffraction (XRD) measurements with 2θ ranging from 20° to 80°. Figure 1 displays the XRD patterns of SS, Ni/NiO/SS-5, Ni/NiO/SS-10, Ni/NiO/SS-15, and Ni/NiO
  • importantly, the XRD image of Ni/NiO/SS-10 presents peaks at 37.20°, 43.21°, and 62.91°, which correspond to the (111), (200), and (220) planes of the NiO phase (PDF 00-004-0835) [34][35]. Meanwhile, the peak of the Ni metal phase still appeared in the Ni/NiO/SS-10 sample, proving the co-existence of metal
  • molecules. In contrast, at high O2 flow rates (15 and 20 sccm), NiO is produced with a large ratio of NiO/Ni, which is indicated by XRD peaks of NiO with high intensity. A high NiO concentration prefers the dissociative adsorption of water molecules, while hydrogen desorption is limited. Besides, the O
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Published 06 Jun 2025

Synthesis and magnetic transitions of rare-earth-free Fe–Mn–Ni–Si-based compositionally complex alloys at bulk and nanoscale

  • Shabbir Tahir,
  • Tatiana Smoliarova,
  • Carlos Doñate-Buendía,
  • Michael Farle,
  • Natalia Shkodich and
  • Bilal Gökce

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 823–836, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.62

Graphical Abstract
  • ground, polished, and analyzed by SEM (JEOL JSM-7600 F, Japan). The chemical composition was determined using energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) with an Oxford Inca spectrometer. The crystal structure of bulk CCAs was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) using a DRON-4–07 diffractometer with
  • by XRD peaks. The microsegregation of Mn can be due to a phenomenon consistent with observations in other CCAs, often attributed to the elastic strain energy [58] or due to the presence of oxygen on the surface forming MnO [59]. As expected, the SEM images and EDX elemental mapping of the polished Al
  • ; thus, even small absolute deviations at low concentrations can result in disproportionately high percentage variance. XRD analysis revealed the formation of multiphase alloys, with identifiable peaks corresponding to Al-deficient and Al-rich phases. The Al-deficient phase, Ni2Mn2Si, was found to have a
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Published 05 Jun 2025

Supramolecular hydration structure of graphene-based hydrogels: density functional theory, green chemistry and interface application

  • Hon Nhien Le,
  • Duy Khanh Nguyen,
  • Minh Triet Dang,
  • Huyen Trinh Nguyen,
  • Thi Bang Tam Dao,
  • Trung Do Nguyen,
  • Chi Nhan Ha Thuc and
  • Van Hieu Le

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 806–822, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.61

Graphical Abstract
  • to the surface and the hydrogen bonding of interfacial hydration layers on the hydrophilic nanostructures. Crystallography, functional group, aqueous dispersibility and hydration lubrication Dry powder of the GO-SG-ZH nanocomposite was analyzed using XRD and FTIR. In Figure 6a, the XRD pattern
  • of GO and SG nanomaterials had amorphous structures which did not give obvious peaks in the XRD pattern. Regarding the FTIR spectrum in Figure 6b, most of obvious peaks are attributed to functional groups of nanosilica. The vibration band at 3772.1 cm−1 is assigned to silanol groups on the nanosilica
  • GO-SG-ZH hydrogel. (a) XRD pattern of GO-SG-ZH powder. (b) FTIR spectrum of GO-SG-ZH powder. (c) Aqueous dispersions of GO-SG-ZH powder and hydrogel (concentrations of 50 ppm) and their sedimented particles after 1 day (visualized by the optical microscope). (d) UV–vis spectra of aqueous dispersions
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Published 04 Jun 2025

Morphology and properties of pyrite nanoparticles obtained by pulsed laser ablation in liquid and thin films for photodetection

  • Akshana Parameswaran Sreekala,
  • Bindu Krishnan,
  • Rene Fabian Cienfuegos Pelaes,
  • David Avellaneda Avellaneda,
  • Josué Amílcar Aguilar-Martínez and
  • Sadasivan Shaji

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 785–805, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.60

Graphical Abstract
  • crystalline structure of the films was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD). The UV–vis–NIR photodetection properties of p-n junction-based thin films composed of FeS2 nanoparticles are reported. Additionally, the results of various light-sensing parameters evaluated in these photodetectors are also
  • analyzed by XRD (Supporting Information File 1, Figure S3a). Ultrafine spherical nanoparticles as condensed clusters are observed in TEM (Figure 3a) and STEM (Figure 3d–f) images for FeS2 NPs in DMF (FDMF). In comparison to IPA, a completely different type of morphology is observed for NPs in DMF from SEM
  • colloid are stable for a long time and thoroughly dispersed. Therefore, the NPs of FeS2 in ethanol and acetone were not attempted for EPD. Only NPs on IPA were employed for the initial research on film fabrication via EPD, followed by spin coating of NPs of DMF. X-ray diffraction studies of the films XRD
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Published 03 Jun 2025

Changes of structural, magnetic and spectroscopic properties of microencapsulated iron sucrose nanoparticles in saline

  • Sabina Lewińska,
  • Pavlo Aleshkevych,
  • Roman Minikayev,
  • Anna Bajorek,
  • Mateusz Dulski,
  • Krystian Prusik,
  • Tomasz Wojciechowski and
  • Anna Ślawska-Waniewska

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 762–784, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.59

Graphical Abstract
  • discrepancies are mainly a consequence of difficulties with analysis of structural and morphological measurement results (e.g., signal obtained in X-ray diffraction (XRD) experiments is dominated by the carbohydrate). This results in very broad, hard to interpret, or even uninterpretable lines (see XRD patterns
  • transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Composition studies using XRD, magnetic properties using dc and ac magnetometry, and extensive spectral analysis using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Raman, and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) were also performed. Considering that the AB-Fortis
  • dissolution in physiological salt. TEM is a strongly selective technique in which only a tiny sample volume is analyzed; however – as shown further in the text – the TEM results are consistent with the magnetic measurements. XRD results and analysis Figure 4 shows the XRD patterns of the FS0 and FST samples
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Published 02 Jun 2025

High-temperature epitaxial growth of tantalum nitride thin films on MgO: structural evolution and potential for SQUID applications

  • Michelle Cedillo Rosillo,
  • Oscar Contreras López,
  • Jesús Antonio Díaz,
  • Agustín Conde Gallardo and
  • Harvi A. Castillo Cuero

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 690–699, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.53

Graphical Abstract
  • dynamics and superconducting characteristics of the films. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis revealed that the TaN thin films exhibited excellent crystallinity, with sharp diffraction peaks indicating well-defined structural phases. The deposition process was optimized by systematically adjusting substrate
  • . Prior research has consistently shown that TaN films with a FCC crystal structure exhibit enhanced superconducting properties compared to those with other crystal structures. The XRD spectra were obtained with a Panalitycal X’Pert Pro MRD, and the “Inorganic Crystal Structure Database” powder
  • nitrogen concentration reached its highest value, and oxygen and carbon impurities were minimized. These results also align with the results from XRD and TEM, as the film deposited under these conditions exhibited the best crystallinity and epitaxial growth. The combination of optimal stoichiometry and
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Published 22 May 2025

Aprepitant-loaded solid lipid nanoparticles: a novel approach to enhance oral bioavailability

  • Mazhar Hussain,
  • Muhammad Farooq,
  • Muhammad Asad Saeed,
  • Muhammad Ijaz,
  • Sherjeel Adnan,
  • Zeeshan Masood,
  • Muhammad Waqas,
  • Wafa Ishaq and
  • Nabeela Ameer

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 652–663, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.50

Graphical Abstract
  • microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), in vitro drug release in 0.1 M HCl (pH 1.2) and phosphate-buffered saline (PBS, pH 7.4), and pharmacokinetic studies. The optimal formulation (APT-CD-NP4) containing the highest
  • the crystal state into an amorphous state after SLN preparation. FTIR results indicated compatibility between APT and the polymers. XRD, TGA, and DSC results indicated no physical interaction between drug and polymers. In vitro drug release studies showed that APT-CD-NP4 yielded the maximum drug
  • , and zeta potential measurements. Also Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), solubility, in vitro dissolution, and in vivo and stability studies were carried out. Result and Discussion Physicochemical evaluation The solubility of APT in the SLNs was 24-fold higher
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Published 15 May 2025

Retrieval of B1 phase from high-pressure B2 phase for CdO nanoparticles by electronic excitations in CdxZn1−xO composite thin films

  • Arkaprava Das,
  • Marcin Zając and
  • Carla Bittencourt

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 551–560, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.43

Graphical Abstract
  • film prior to further irradiation. The characterization of the thin films was performed using X-ray diffraction (XRD) on a Bruker high-resolution X-ray diffractometer, employing a Cu Kα beam over a 2θ range of 30–50°. Raman spectroscopic measurements were conducted at room temperature with a SENTERRA
  • mode. Table 1 summarizes the irradiation ion energies and fluences for each thin film, along with their corresponding labels. Results and Discussion Influence of Ag and O ion irradiation on crystallographic phase by X-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy Figure 1a shows the XRD patterns illustrating
  • in the Z900 sample. The intensity of this peak diminishes in the CZ900_113O and CZ900_313O samples, while it completely vanishes in the CZ900_113Ag and CZ900_313Ag samples. Thus, the Raman spectroscopic results, in conjunction with the XRD patterns, corroborate the observations regarding the presence
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Published 17 Apr 2025

Zeolite materials with Ni and Co: synthesis and catalytic potential in the selective hydrogenation of citral

  • Inocente Rodríguez-Iznaga,
  • Yailen Costa Marrero,
  • Tania Farias Piñeira,
  • Céline Fontaine,
  • Lexane Paget,
  • Beatriz Concepción Rosabal,
  • Arbelio Penton Madrigal,
  • Vitalii Petranovskii and
  • Gwendoline Lafaye

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 520–529, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.40

Graphical Abstract
  • on the formation of unsaturated alcohols. The IE process replaced mainly Ca2+ and Na+ with Ni2+ and Co2+ cations in the zeolite phases (clinoptilolite and mordenite mix), while Imp resulted in higher metal content (2.0–2.7%) but retained significant amounts of chloride (1.9–3.8%), as confirmed by XRD
  • . Results and Discussion Composition and characterization of the materials XRD patterns and a SEM micrograph of the starting zeolite mineral (ZSA) are shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, respectively. The diffraction patterns are normalized and evidence the presence of mordenite and clinoptilolite–heulandite
  • -type zeolites through their main diffraction peaks indicated on the ZSA graph. Other minor phases such as quartz are also present. The SEM image shows a variety of crisscross crystals, which have the morphology expected for the zeolite types evidenced by XRD [16][17]. Very elongated crystals with
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Published 14 Apr 2025

N2+-implantation-induced tailoring of structural, morphological, optical, and electrical characteristics of sputtered molybdenum thin films

  • Usha Rani,
  • Kafi Devi,
  • Divya Gupta and
  • Sanjeev Aggarwal

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 495–509, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.38

Graphical Abstract
  • implantation, the stress in the films changed from tensile to compressive, as illustrated in Figure 4. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) peak position shift provides further insight into these stress changes. In as-deposited films, the peaks are shifting to lower 2θ values, signifying an increase in interatomic
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Published 01 Apr 2025

Quantification of lead through rod-shaped silver-doped zinc oxide nanoparticles using an electrochemical approach

  • Ravinder Lamba,
  • Gaurav Bhanjana,
  • Neeraj Dilbaghi,
  • Vivek Gupta and
  • Sandeep Kumar

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 422–434, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.33

Graphical Abstract
  • with XRD results of secondary phase formations [22][23][24]. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy study of Ag@ZnO nanorods The physical state and chemical compositions of Ag@ZnO NRs were analyzed using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Figure 7a represents the scan results of the binding energy. The
  • three-electrode configuration. The working electrode consisted of the modified Ag@ZnO NRs/Au electrode, a platinum wire used as the counter electrode, and the reference electrode was an Ag/AgCl electrode. A 0.1 M phosphate buffer solution with a pH of 7.0 was used for all measurements. (a) XRD of Ag@ZnO
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Published 26 Mar 2025

Size control of nanoparticles synthesized by pulsed laser ablation in liquids using donut-shaped beams

  • Abdel Rahman Altakroury,
  • Oleksandr Gatsa,
  • Farbod Riahi,
  • Zongwen Fu,
  • Miroslava Flimelová,
  • Andrei Samokhvalov,
  • Stephan Barcikowski,
  • Carlos Doñate-Buendía,
  • Alexander V. Bulgakov and
  • Bilal Gökce

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 407–417, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.31

Graphical Abstract
  • crystal structure of the HEA NPs was determined by X-ray diffraction (XRD) using a Smartlab diffractometer (Rigaku, Japan). SEM was used to characterize the nanoparticle size distribution and to determine the beam shape influence while maintaining comparable PLAL parameters for both beams to minimize the
  • of the HEA NPs from 35 to 55 nm (Figure S3, Supporting Information File 1). Again, the produced NPs exhibit regular spherical shapes with a relatively narrow size distribution, and almost no aggregated particles are observed. The XRD analysis indicates that the obtained HEA NPs are partially oxidized
  • different moments in time. (c) Images in (b) at a higher magnification. Supporting Information Supporting Information File 22: Additional experimental data. Acknowledgements The authors thank Nadezhda M. Bulgakova for useful discussions and Inam Mirza for the XRD measurements. Funding The authors
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Published 25 Mar 2025

Pulsed laser in liquid grafting of gold nanoparticle–carbon support composites

  • Madeleine K. Wilsey,
  • Teona Taseska,
  • Qishen Lyu,
  • Connor P. Cox and
  • Astrid M. Müller

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 349–361, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.26

Graphical Abstract
  • gold nanoparticles) spectral signatures were not observable here. Pulsed laser grafting created nonequilibrium gold nanoparticle–carbon fiber paper composites, evident from powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) data (Figure 5A). We normalized the XRD patterns to the (111) peak and found that the (200) or (311
  • ) using instrument-specific atomic sensitivity factors. X-ray diffraction (XRD) measurements were conducted at the Chemical Analysis Lab at the Rochester Institute of Technology using a Bruker D8 ADVANCE diffractometer with Cu Kα radiation (40 kV and 40 mA). The configuration included a 0.6 mm primary
  • contents of XPS species are given in Supporting Information File 1, Table S1. XRD data of gold nanoparticles (A). EIS data, with gray fits using the inset equivalent circuit models of gold nanoparticle–carbon fiber paper composites (B). Electrocatalytic aqueous bicarbonate reduction data from pulsed laser
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Published 07 Mar 2025

Fabrication and evaluation of BerNPs regarding the growth and development of Streptococcus mutans

  • Tuyen Huu Nguyen,
  • Hong Thanh Pham,
  • Kieu Kim Thanh Nguyen,
  • Loan Hong Ngo,
  • Anh Ngoc Tuan Mai,
  • Thu Hoang Anh Lam,
  • Ngan Thi Kim Phan,
  • Dung Tien Pham,
  • Duong Thuy Hoang,
  • Thuc Dong Nguyen and
  • Lien Thi Xuan Truong

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 308–315, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.23

Graphical Abstract
  • , and ldh, thereby preventing biofilm development [40]. Conclusion In this study, BerNPs were fabricated using ball milling with zirconium balls. Analysis through FE-SEM, UV–vis, XRD, and FTIR revealed that the nanoparticles predominantly exhibited a crystalline structure, with an average size of 40–65
  • recorded by observing the stained cells attached to the walls of the test tubes. FE-SEM images of (a) berberine and (b) BerNPs. (c) Histogram of particle size distribution of BerNPs. (a) UV–vis absorption spectrum of BerNPs. (b) Standard curve of pure berberine. (c) XRD patterns of pure berberine and
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Published 27 Feb 2025

Synthesis and the impact of hydroxyapatite nanoparticles on the viability and activity of rhizobacteria

  • Bedah Rupaedah,
  • Indrika Novella,
  • Atiek Rostika Noviyanti,
  • Diana Rakhmawaty Eddy,
  • Anna Safarrida,
  • Abdul Hapid,
  • Zhafira Amila Haqqa,
  • Suryana Suryana,
  • Irwan Kurnia and
  • Fathiyah Inayatirrahmi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 216–228, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.17

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  • used as a carrier for two rhizobacteria strains (Pd and Tb). The structural and morphological properties of nHA were examined through XRD and scanning electron microscopy analyses. Rhizobacteria were encapsulated within the carrier material, and their viability was evaluated using the total plate count
  • gradually through a solvothermal reaction, driven by the chemical transformation represented by the following equation: Nanohydroxyapatite characterization The structural analysis of nHA was performed using X-ray diffraction (XRD). The diffraction pattern of nHA standard is given in Figure 1, while that of
  • the synthesized nHA is given in Figure 2. Figure 2 shows that the XRD pattern of nHA aligns with the ICSD #157481 standard (Figure 1) and the P63/m space group. This alignment confirms the successful synthesis of hydroxyapatite. Notably, the image highlights the characteristic (211) peak of HA at 2θ
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Published 18 Feb 2025

A review of metal-organic frameworks and polymers in mixed matrix membranes for CO2 capture

  • Charlotte Skjold Qvist Christensen,
  • Nicholas Hansen,
  • Mahboubeh Motadayen,
  • Nina Lock,
  • Martin Lahn Henriksen and
  • Jonathan Quinson

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 155–186, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.14

Graphical Abstract
  • , and X-ray diffraction (XRD) provide information about the bulk MOF-based MMM [140][141][142]. FTIR yields information about the functional groups within the sample [140], and will differ between the pristine MOF, polymer membrane, and MOF-based MMM [118][121][122][124][128][131]. In this way, it is
  • possible to compare how various modifications to the MOF-based MMM system change the functional groups within the final membrane [122][125][128]. Similar to FTIR, NMR provides insights into the chemical nature of the membrane but offers more detailed information about its chemical structure [141]. XRD
  • MOF-based MMM system that perturb the crystallinity in the membrane will be discernable through XRD [121][129]. Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) are commonly used to supplement the chemical analysis of MOF-based MMMs [113][137][143]. EDX can
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Published 12 Feb 2025

Clays enhanced with niobium: potential in wastewater treatment and reuse as pigment with antibacterial activity

  • Silvia Jaerger,
  • Patricia Appelt,
  • Mario Antônio Alves da Cunha,
  • Fabián Ccahuana Ayma,
  • Ricardo Schneider,
  • Carla Bittencourt and
  • Fauze Jacó Anaissi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 141–154, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.13

Graphical Abstract
  • dye with the enzyme succinate dehydrogenase (present in the mitochondria), leading to the formation of a salt called Formazan with a pink-reddish color. Characterization X-ray diffraction (XRD) measurements of the powder were conducted using a Rigaku BEartLab SE 3 kW diffractometer equipped with Cu Kα
  • and Discussion The XRD profile for bentonite clay, niobium phosphate, niobium oxide and its modifications with niobium phosphate and niobium oxide (BEPh and BEOx, respectively), as well as the samples obtained after adsorption/photocatalysis of MB (A-BEPh, A-BEOx, A-BEPhP, A-BEOxP), are shown in
  • Figure 2. The XRD analysis for bentonite before modification with niobium indicates dioctahedral montmorillonite (M-COD 9002779 Mx(Al4−xMgx)Si8O20(OH)4) with an amount of kaolinite (K-COD 1011045 Al2H4O9Si2) and quartz (Q-COD 9012600 SiO2) at 13.8%, 41.6%, and 44.6%, respectively [8]. The characteristic
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Published 10 Feb 2025

TiO2 immobilized on 2D mordenite: effect of hydrolysis conditions on structural, textural, and optical characteristics of the nanocomposites

  • Marina G. Shelyapina,
  • Rosario Isidro Yocupicio-Gaxiola,
  • Gleb A. Valkovsky and
  • Vitalii Petranovskii

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 128–140, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.12

Graphical Abstract
  • complementary characterization techniques, including XRD, SEM-EDX, TGA, N2 sorption, NMR, XPS and UV–vis spectrometry. It was observed that treatment in 70% ethanol solution preserves the ordered layered structure of 2D mordenite because TEOT hydrolysis is slowed down. This, in turn, leads to higher
  • ) samples are labeled as Ti-WNh-C and Ti-ENh-C with N = 6, 12, and 24 for materials hydrolyzed in water (W) and 70% ethanol solution (E) for 6, 12, and 24 h, respectively. The non-calcined samples are designated as Ti-WNh and Ti-ENh. XRD, 27Al NMR, and SEM-EDX studies Figure 1a and Figure 1b show small
  • -angle and full X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns, respectively, for the samples containing hydrolyzed forms of Ti after hydrolysis of TEOT. The full XRD patterns of the hydrolyzed samples after calcination are shown in Figure 1c. For comparison, the corresponding patterns for the parent compound MOR-L
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Published 10 Feb 2025

Characterization of ZnO nanoparticles synthesized using probiotic Lactiplantibacillus plantarum GP258

  • Prashantkumar Siddappa Chakra,
  • Aishwarya Banakar,
  • Shriram Narayan Puranik,
  • Vishwas Kaveeshwar,
  • C. R. Ravikumar and
  • Devaraja Gayathri

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 78–89, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.8

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  • nanoparticles (ZnO NPs), utilizing lactic acid bacteria isolated from curd as the key biological agent. Bacteria function as agents for both reduction and capping processes, which aids the synthesis of ZnO NPs. Various characterization techniques including XRD, FTIR, UV–vis, TEM, SEM-EDX, and zeta potential
  • biosynthesis of ZnO NPs. The formation of a white precipitate at the flask’s bottom served as an indicator of ZnO NP production. XRD analysis The XRD patterns revealed a strong agreement with the hexagonal wurtzite structure, which is characteristic of ZnO NPs. This assertion was substantiated by comparison
  • with data from the JCPDS card no.89-7102. Remarkably, there were no indications of any other phases, indicating a high purity of the ZnO NPs. The XRD reflections were remarkably well-defined and narrow. This signifies the distinctive crystalline arrangement, indicating a robust crystalline structure
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Published 30 Jan 2025

Fabrication of hafnium-based nanoparticles and nanostructures using picosecond laser ablation

  • Abhishek Das,
  • Mangababu Akkanaboina,
  • Jagannath Rathod,
  • R. Sai Prasad Goud,
  • Kanaka Ravi Kumar,
  • Raghu C. Reddy,
  • Ratheesh Ravendran,
  • Katia Vutova,
  • S. V. S. Nageswara Rao and
  • Venugopal Rao Soma

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1639–1653, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.129

Graphical Abstract
  • . These Hf sponges, cut and polished to 10 mm × 10 mm × 2 mm, were used as ablation targets. The pristine target had the crystal structure of hexagonal HfO0.25, as confirmed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) data (see Figure 1a). The elemental composition (Hf: 73.68%, O: 26.32%) was determined by energy
  • will be extended to other metallic targets and more liquids to create a more comprehensive report. (a) XRD data and (b) EDX data of pristine Hf target. Schematic representation of the experimental setup used for picosecond LAL of a Hf target (Mn represents mirrors). TEM images, particle size
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Published 18 Dec 2024

Facile synthesis of size-tunable L-carnosine-capped silver nanoparticles and their role in metal ion sensing and catalytic degradation of p-nitrophenol

  • Akash Kumar,
  • Ridhima Chadha,
  • Abhishek Das,
  • Nandita Maiti and
  • Rayavarapu Raja Gopal

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1576–1592, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.124

Graphical Abstract
  • , and Raman spectroscopy, as well as EDX and XRD revealed controlled aggregation, successful capping, and crystalline growth of the ʟ-car-AgNPs. The ʟ-car-AgNPs exhibited promising sensing capabilities with limits of detection of 141.79 ppb (1.2 μM) for Cd2+, 131.33 ppb (0.63 μM) for Pb2+, 215.35 ppb
  • , Netherlands) for a detailed examination of size and morphology. The crystalline structure of ʟ-car-AgNP1 was determined using X-ray diffraction (XRD, Rigaku Smartlab, Japan) within a 2θ range of 35° to 80°. Nanoparticle solutions were air-dried, and the obtained nanopowders (20 mg) were used for measurements
  • the diffraction pattern of ʟ-car-AgNPs were assessed using FTIR, Raman, EDX, and XRD, as shown in Figure 4. Figure 4a shows the FTIR analysis of pure ʟ-carnosine and its interaction with the silver nanoparticles in ʟ-car-AgNPs. In the case of pure ʟ-carnosine, a characteristic NH2 asymmetric
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Published 06 Dec 2024

Electrochemical nanostructured CuBTC/FeBTC MOF composite sensor for enrofloxacin detection

  • Thi Kim Ngan Nguyen,
  • Tien Dat Doan,
  • Huy Hieu Luu,
  • Hoang Anh Nguyen,
  • Thi Thu Ha Vu,
  • Quang Hai Tran,
  • Ha Tran Nguyen,
  • Thanh Binh Dang,
  • Thi Hai Yen Pham and
  • Mai Ha Hoang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1522–1535, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.120

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  • techniques. The synergistic effects of CuBTC and FeBTC are considered promising for enhancing the performance of enrofloxacin sensors in aqueous solutions. Results and Discussion Characterization of (Cu)(Fe)BTC In the XRD pattern in Figure 1a, the FeBTC sample shows peaks at 2θ values of 6.26°, 10.34°, 10.85
  • ), 20.36° (600), 21.40° (620), 23.55° (444), 24.27° (551), 26.11° (731), 29.47° (751), 35.30° (773), and 39.21° (882), characteristic for the CuBTC phase (CCDC card No. 112954) [28][33][34]. The XRD pattern of (Cu)(Fe)BTC exhibits a characteristic peak at 2θ of 10.85° assigned to the (842) crystal planes
  • room temperature (25 ± 1 °C). (a) XRD pattern and (b) N2 adsorption/desorption isotherms of the (Cu)(Fe)BTC sample. Full-scan (a) and high-resolution C 1s (b), O 1s (c), Fe 2p (d), and Cu 2p (e) XPS spectra of the (Cu)(Fe)BTC sample. TEM image of (Cu)(Fe)BTC sample. SEM images of (Cu)(Fe)BTC@CPE (a
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Published 28 Nov 2024

Green synthesis of carbon dot structures from Rheum Ribes and Schottky diode fabrication

  • Muhammed Taha Durmus and
  • Ebru Bozkurt

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1369–1375, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.110

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  • synthesis, which is commonly used in the literature. TEM and zeta potential measurements were used to determine morphology and sizes of the CDs, and XRD, XPS, and FTIR and micro-Raman spectroscopy were used for structural characterization. Optical characterization of the CDs was done by absorption and
  • Cary Eclipse fluorescence spectrophotometer were used for transmission electron microscopy (TEM), zeta potential measurements, X-ray diffractometry (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), micro-Raman spectroscopy, PVD thermal evaporation, scanning
  • and the thickness of coated CDs film were 1 cm2 and ca. 566 nm, respectively. Results and Discussion Structural and optical characterization of synthesized CDs The morphological and chemical structures of the CDs obtained from Rheum ribes were determined by TEM, FTIR, XRD, and XPS analyses. TEM shows
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Published 07 Nov 2024
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