A nanocarrier containing carboxylic and histamine groups with dual action: acetylcholine hydrolysis and antidote atropine delivery

• Elina E. Mansurova,
• Andrey A. Maslennikov,
• Anna P. Lyubina,
• Alexandra D. Voloshina,
• Irek R. Nizameev,
• Marsil K. Kadirov,
• Anzhela A. Mikhailova,
• Polina V. Mikshina,
• Albina Y. Ziganshina and
• Igor S. Antipin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 11–24, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.2

• delivering an antidote (i.e., atropine) and functions as a synthetic esterase to hydrolyze acetylcholine. The nanocarrier was synthesized through microemulsion polycondensation of phenylboronic acid with resorcinarenes containing hydroxy, imidazole, and carboxylic groups on the upper rim. The nanocarrier

• , encapsulation of the antidote, acetylcholine hydrolysis, and antidote release. Keywords: acetylcholine; antidote delivery; artificial cholinesterase; atropine; nanocarrier; resorcinarene; Introduction Cholinergic toxicity results from an excessive quantity of acetylcholine (ACh), causing muscle cramps, nausea

• have a nerve-paralyzing impact and have major health repercussions. The irreversible binding of OPs to the cholinesterase receptors renders the enzyme completely inactive. An antidote that counters the effects of the OPs on the enzyme is given to treat OP poisoning. Atropine (Atr) [6][7][8], an