ReactorAFM/STM – dynamic reactions on surfaces at elevated temperature and atmospheric pressure

• Tycho Roorda,
• Hamed Achour,
• Matthijs A. van Spronsen,
• Marta E. Cañas-Ventura,
• Sander B. Roobol,
• Willem Onderwaater,
• Mirthe Bergman,
• Peter van der Tuijn,
• Gertjan van Baarle,
• Johan W. Bakker,
• Joost W. M. Frenken and
• Irene M. N. Groot

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 397–406, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.30

• structure of materials under reaction conditions. We demonstrate this by imaging a Pd(100) single crystal at 450 K with combined AFM/STM. The surface is compared under ultrahigh vacuum and under 0.5 bar O2 pressure showing a notable increase in RMS current, which we attribute to oxidation. Also, we study

• in counts while between 490 and 550 K. The added ability to scan various surfaces with combined AFM/STM while monitoring the reaction products demonstrates the versatility offered by the ReactorAFM/STM to study catalysts under realistic industrial conditions. Keywords: combined AFM/STM; conductive

• AFM/STM reactor is the possibility to observe the structural and electronic properties of the surface at high gas pressures and temperatures, independent of its conductivity. The extension from STM-only and AFM-only to the combined AFM/STM reactor is an ongoing development of the existing ReactorSTM

Optimal geometry for a quartz multipurpose SPM sensor

• Julian Stirling

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2013, 4, 370–376, doi:10.3762/bjnano.4.43

• ] respectively, into a wide range of specialised sensors. The most common NC-AFM sensors: silicon microcantilvers [5], and quartz sensors such as the qPlus sensor (tuning fork) [6] or KolibriSensor® [7], have all been used for combined AFM/STM [7][8][9]. Combined AFM/LFM sensors have been constructed from

• ratio between the eigenmodes is another advantage of the symmetric sensor over torsional designs as both modes can be tuned to near the optimal frequency of the detection system. Optimal geometry for a symmetric sensor In order for the sensor to be used in currently available commercial UHV combined AFM

• /STM systems, it should be similar in size to the qPlus sensor. However, as the normal spring constant per unit beam length (with the same cross section) is 64 times higher than for a cantilever geometry, a greater length than the 2.4 mm beam of the qPlus sensor is advisable. Choosing a 3 mm long beam

Tip-enhanced Raman spectroscopic imaging of patterned thiol monolayers

• Johannes Stadler,
• Thomas Schmid,
• Lothar Opilik,
• Phillip Kuhn,
• Petra S. Dittrich and
• Renato Zenobi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2011, 2, 509–515, doi:10.3762/bjnano.2.55

• ), to be in the order of 105–106. Experimental All spectra were acquired by a combined AFM/STM connected to a quadruple grating Raman spectrometer (NTMDT Ntegra Spectra, Zelenograd, Russia) coupled to an EMCCD (Andor Newton, Belfast, UK). This top-illumination TERS setup has been described in detail in