Recent progress on field-effect transistor-based biosensors: device perspective

• Billel Smaani,
• Fares Nafa,
• Mohamed Salah Benlatrech,
• Ismahan Mahdi,
• Hamza Akroum,
• Mohamed walid Azizi,
• Khaled Harrar and
• Sayan Kanungo

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 977–994, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.80

• FET-based biosensors. Finally, this article proposes intriguing avenues for further research on the topology of FET-based biosensors. Keywords: biomolecule detection; biosensors; charge modulation; dielectric modulation; field-effect transistor; Review 1 Introduction In recent years, biosensor

• is known as dielectric modulation, where a nanoscale gap cavity is introduced in either the gate metal or gate insulator region. The biomolecules are immobilized in this cavity region functionalized with bioreceptor elements, where the presence of the specific target biomolecule alters the effective

• dielectric modulation (Figure 3) [53][54]. The DM field-effect transistor structures include a nanogap cavity either in the metal gate or in the insulator gate region, within which the target biomolecules can conjugate and modify the effective gate capacitance and the effective gate channel electrostatic