Size control of nanoparticles synthesized by pulsed laser ablation in liquids using donut-shaped beams

• Abdel Rahman Altakroury,
• Oleksandr Gatsa,
• Farbod Riahi,
• Zongwen Fu,
• Miroslava Flimelová,
• Andrei Samokhvalov,
• Stephan Barcikowski,
• Carlos Doñate-Buendía,
• Alexander V. Bulgakov and
• Bilal Gökce

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 407–417, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.31

• this pioneering study, further investigation with higher temporal and spatial resolution are warranted. Keywords: beam shaping; cavitation bubble; donut beam; gold nanoparticles; high-entropy alloy nanoparticles; nanoparticle size analysis; yttrium oxide nanoparticles; Introduction The demand for

• , there is a noticeable difference in the cut-off of the distribution obtained with the donut beam, ⟨D⟩ ≈ 40 nm, compared to the Gaussian pulses where there is a pronounced tail in the particle size distribution extending beyond 100 nm. Besides, the distribution is considerably narrower for the donut

• different. The maximum size (and thereby the lifetime) of the bubble was significantly reduced for the donut-shaped beam compared to the tight focus, which was attributed to the altered bubble shape. The donut beam shape appears to influence the bubble dynamics, potentially creating a different environment