Comparison of organic and inorganic hole transport layers in double perovskite material-based solar cell

• Deepika K and
• Arjun Singh

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 119–127, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.11

• performance. Keywords: double perovskite solar cell (DPSC); electron transport layer (ETL); hole transport layer (HTL); SCAPS-1D; simulation; Introduction The rapid growth of the world population has increased the global need for energy, which has become undoubtedly quite strong. To date, the energy

• 2009 to 26.1% in 2023 [5][6]. PSCs consist of an absorber layer sandwiched between charge transport layers (CTLs), that is, the hole transport layer (HTL) and the electron transport layer (ETL). Light generates excitons, which further dissociate into electrons and holes. The electrons and holes are

Quantum-to-classical modeling of monolayer Ge₂Se₂ and its application in photovoltaic devices

• Anup Shrivastava,
• Shivani Saini,
• Dolly Kumari,
• Sanjai Singh and
• Jost Adam

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1153–1169, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.94

• various layers including the active/absorber layers, the electron transport layer (ETL) and the hole transport layer (HTL) [12][13]. Both HTL and ETL play a crucial role in achieving a high performance of PV devices. The most common HTL material is spiro-OMeTAD, but it is very expensive [14]. Furthermore

• monolayered Ge2Se2. The easy fabrication, structural stability, and proper band alignment with the absorber material make it a promising hole transport layer (HTL) in the proposed solar cell. The proposed solar cell is a low-cost, environmentally friendly, scalable Perovskite solar cell (PSC), with Ge2Se2 as

Polyvinylpyrrolidone as additive for perovskite solar cells with water and isopropanol as solvents

• Chen Du,
• Shuo Wang,
• Xu Miao,
• Wenhai Sun,
• Yu Zhu,
• Chengyan Wang and
• Ruixin Ma

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2374–2382, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.228

• transport layer (HTL) was spin-coated on top of the CH3NH3PbI3 film using a Spiro-OMeTAD solution (the composition of the Spiro-OMeTAD solution was 72.3 mg Spiro-OMeTAD, 28.8 μL 4-tert-butylpyridine, 17.5 μL of lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide solution (520 mg/mL in acetonitrile) and 1 mL

• for 10 min. Then the film was submerged in the MAX solution (the concentration of the MAX solution was 40 mg/mL MAI and 10 mg/mL MACl) for 500 s to prepare the CH3NH3PbI3 layer, and the films were dried by spinning at 3000 rpm for 10 s and annealing at 120 °C for 10 min. Subsequently, the hole

Nontoxic pyrite iron sulfide nanocrystals as second electron acceptor in PTB7:PC₇₁BM-based organic photovoltaic cells

• Olivia Amargós-Reyes,
• José-Luis Maldonado,
• Omar Martínez-Alvarez,
• María-Elena Nicho,
• José Santos-Cruz,
• Juan Nicasio-Collazo,
• Irving Caballero-Quintana and
• Concepción Arenas-Arrocena

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2238–2250, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.216

• inside the CdS/CdTe inorganic heterojunction improved the conversion efficiency of the PV device by up to 8% [19]. Moreover, FeS2 has also been used in perovskite solar cells as a hole transport layer (HTL) to reduce the fabrication cost, reaching efficiencies of up to 11.2% [20]. On the other hand, OPVs

Lead-free hybrid perovskites for photovoltaics

• Oleksandr Stroyuk

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2209–2235, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.207

• metal oxide electron transport layer (ETL) and then covered with an organic hole transport layer (HTL) and an “inverted” p–i–n design, where an HP layer is formed on an HTL support and covered with an organic ETL, such as fullerene derivatives (see below in Figure 2). The conventional n–i–p scheme