Development of a mucoadhesive drug delivery system and its interaction with gastric cells

• Ahmet Baki Sahin,
• Serdar Karakurt and
• Deniz Sezlev Bilecen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 371–384, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.28

• reflectance Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) was used. Freeze-dried nanoparticles were directly placed on an ATR crystal, and the infrared spectrum of the samples was obtained in the range of 4000–400 cm−1 using a FTIR spectrophotometer (Bruker/Vertex70, USA). Particle size and zeta

Fabrication and evaluation of BerNPs regarding the growth and development of Streptococcus mutans

• Tuyen Huu Nguyen,
• Hong Thanh Pham,
• Kieu Kim Thanh Nguyen,
• Loan Hong Ngo,
• Anh Ngoc Tuan Mai,
• Thu Hoang Anh Lam,
• Ngan Thi Kim Phan,
• Dung Tien Pham,
• Duong Thuy Hoang,
• Thuc Dong Nguyen and
• Lien Thi Xuan Truong

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 308–315, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.23

• -transform infrared spectroscopy. The broth dilution method was used to determine the antimicrobial activity of the BerNPs against Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans). The impact of the BerNPs on the cell surface of S. mutans was evaluated through FE-SEM analysis, focusing on its ability to inhibit biofilm

Radiosensitizing properties of dual-functionalized carbon nanostructures loaded with temozolomide

• Radmila Milenkovska,
• Nikola Geskovski,
• Dushko Shalabalija,
• Ljubica Mihailova,
• Petre Makreski,
• Dushko Lukarski,
• Igor Stojkovski,
• Maja Simonoska Crcarevska and
• Kristina Mladenovska

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 229–251, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.18

• –vis spectra of irradiated and non-irradiated formulations was observed, and no changes in the spectra of TMZ released from I-MWCNTs-PEG6000-FA-TMZ and I-MWCNTs-G-PEG6000-FA-TMZ were observed when comparing with the spectra of TMZ released from the corresponding non-irradiated formulations. Infrared

• spectroscopy IR spectroscopy was used to analyze the presence of different functional groups in the CNs and interactions formed during single and dual functionalization and TMZ loading. The IR spectra of PEG6000, MWCNTs-COOH, MWCNTs-G-COOH, and TMZ were already characterized in our previous study [43], and

A review of metal-organic frameworks and polymers in mixed matrix membranes for CO₂ capture

• Charlotte Skjold Qvist Christensen,
• Nicholas Hansen,
• Mahboubeh Motadayen,
• Nina Lock,
• Martin Lahn Henriksen and
• Jonathan Quinson

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 155–186, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.14

• functional theory (DFT) calculations and supported by neutron powder diffraction experiments and infrared spectroscopy [52][63][64][65]. It is agreed in literature that CO2 molecules bind to Mg2+ sites with end-on coordination, forming an angular Mg2+·OCO complex, with the rotation angle θ depending on the

• formed may not fully represent the structure of the fabricated MOF-based MMMs. While electron microscopy offers a highly detailed qualitative analysis of specific regions within the membrane, methods such as Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy

Clays enhanced with niobium: potential in wastewater treatment and reuse as pigment with antibacterial activity

• Silvia Jaerger,
• Patricia Appelt,
• Mario Antônio Alves da Cunha,
• Fabián Ccahuana Ayma,
• Ricardo Schneider,
• Carla Bittencourt and
• Fauze Jacó Anaissi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 141–154, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.13

• radiation (λ = 1.5410 Å) operating at 40 kV and 30 mA. Data were collected in scanning mode in steps between 4° and 75° (2θ) with a step size of 0.05°/s. The basal distance was obtained using Bragg's Law. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) spectra were collected on a Perkin Elmer Frontier FTIR

Characterization of ZnO nanoparticles synthesized using probiotic Lactiplantibacillus plantarum GP258

• Prashantkumar Siddappa Chakra,
• Aishwarya Banakar,
• Shriram Narayan Puranik,
• Vishwas Kaveeshwar,
• C. R. Ravikumar and
• Devaraja Gayathri

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 78–89, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.8

• characterization using UV–vis spectroscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction measurements, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, scanning and transmission electron microscopy, photocatalytic studies, electrochemical analysis, and determination of antibacterial and anticancer activity. The

Heterogeneous reactions in a HFCVD reactor: simulation using a 2D model

• Xochitl Aleyda Morán Martínez,
• José Alberto Luna López,
• Zaira Jocelyn Hernández Simón,
• Gabriel Omar Mendoza Conde,
• José Álvaro David Hernández de Luz and
• Godofredo García Salgado

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1627–1638, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.128

• give rise to the surface reactions for the growth of the films. In the reaction mechanisms reported for the growth of SiO2 films, the role of intermediate •H and •OH and •O2 radicals has been pointed out through in situ Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. These species react with silane-derived

Facile synthesis of size-tunable L-carnosine-capped silver nanoparticles and their role in metal ion sensing and catalytic degradation of p-nitrophenol

• Akash Kumar,
• Ridhima Chadha,
• Abhishek Das,
• Nandita Maiti and
• Rayavarapu Raja Gopal

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1576–1592, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.124

• . The functionalization of AgNPs with ʟ-carnosine was validated through Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR, Thermo Scientific Nicolet iS5, USA). For this, 10 mg of air-dried nanopowder was placed over a diamond, and the software (OMNIC™) was run over the spectral range of 400–4000 cm−1. The

Electrochemical nanostructured CuBTC/FeBTC MOF composite sensor for enrofloxacin detection

• Thi Kim Ngan Nguyen,
• Tien Dat Doan,
• Huy Hieu Luu,
• Hoang Anh Nguyen,
• Thi Thu Ha Vu,
• Quang Hai Tran,
• Ha Tran Nguyen,
• Thanh Binh Dang,
• Thi Hai Yen Pham and
• Mai Ha Hoang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1522–1535, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.120

• method and characterized using various techniques, including X-ray diffraction, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, Brunauer–Emmett–Teller analysis, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The MOF mixture exhibited a particle size ranging from 40 to 100 nm, a high surface area of 1147 m2/g, a pore

Green synthesis of carbon dot structures from Rheum Ribes and Schottky diode fabrication

• Muhammed Taha Durmus and
• Ebru Bozkurt

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1369–1375, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.110

• Cary Eclipse fluorescence spectrophotometer were used for transmission electron microscopy (TEM), zeta potential measurements, X-ray diffractometry (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), micro-Raman spectroscopy, PVD thermal evaporation, scanning

Nanoarchitectonics with cetrimonium bromide on metal nanoparticles for linker-free detection of toxic metal ions and catalytic degradation of 4-nitrophenol

• Akash Kumar and
• Raja Gopal Rayavarapu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1312–1332, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.106

• used for measurement. The functionalization of AgNS, AuNS, AuNR1, and AuNR2 with CTAB was validated through Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (Thermo Scientific, Nicolet iS5, USA). 10 mg of the air-dried nanoparticles were placed over a diamond and measured in the range of 400–4000 cm−1

Interaction of graphene oxide with tannic acid: computational modeling and toxicity mitigation in C. elegans

• Romana Petry,
• James M. de Almeida,
• Francine Côa,
• Felipe Crasto de Lima,
• Diego Stéfani T. Martinez and
• Adalberto Fazzio

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1297–1311, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.105

• biological medium. In the Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis (Figure 2a), we observed bands between 3000 and 4000 cm−1 related to –OH strength in all spectra. GO spectra presented fingerprint bands at 1734, 1625, 1390, 1230, and 1068 cm−1, which correspond to C=O stretching vibrations

Mn-doped ZnO nanopowders prepared by sol–gel and microwave-assisted sol–gel methods and their photocatalytic properties

• Cristina Maria Vlăduț,
• Crina Anastasescu,
• Silviu Preda,
• Oana Catalina Mocioiu,
• Simona Petrescu,
• Jeanina Pandele-Cusu,
• Dana Culita,
• Veronica Bratan,
• Ioan Balint and
• Maria Zaharescu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1283–1296, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.104

• methods. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy Figure 1 shows the FTIR spectra of as-prepared gels obtained by SG and MW. The broad band in the 3600–2500 cm−1 region can be assigned to overlapping characteristic vibrations of C–H, N–H, and O–H bonds. The small bands at 2972, 2866, and 2747 cm−1 are

• the SG sample (Figure 4a), while larger, well-defined prismatic particles are found in the MW sample. EDX analysis highlights the presence of Mn in both samples. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy Figure 5 presents the FTIR spectra of the thermally treated samples, revealing the absence of bands

Synthesis, characterization and anticancer effect of doxorubicin-loaded dual stimuli-responsive smart nanopolymers

• Ömür Acet,
• Pavel Kirsanov,
• Burcu Önal Acet,
• Inessa Halets-Bui,
• Dzmitry Shcharbin,
• Şeyda Ceylan Cömert and
• Mehmet Odabaşı

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1189–1196, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.96

• . Characterizations of the synthesized nanostructures were carried out including zeta potential measurements, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy. The loading capacity of the nanopolymers for DOX was investigated, and encapsulation and release studies were carried out. In a final

Unveiling the potential of alginate-based nanomaterials in sensing technology and smart delivery applications

• Shakhzodjon Uzokboev,
• Khojimukhammad Akhmadbekov,
• Ra’no Nuritdinova,
• Salah M. Tawfik and
• Yong-Ill Lee

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1077–1104, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.88

• solvent using the Doppler approach, which measures particle velocity as a function of voltage. The determination of the zeta potential is crucial in understanding the mechanism of drug–nanoparticle interactions [66]. In addition to the methods described above, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy is

Electrospun polysuccinimide scaffolds containing different salts as potential wound dressing material

• Veronika Pálos,
• Krisztina S. Nagy,
• Rita Pázmány,
• Krisztina Juriga-Tóth,
• Bálint Budavári,
• Judit Domokos,
• Dóra Szabó,
• Ákos Zsembery and
• Angela Jedlovszky-Hajdu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 781–796, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.65

• polymer-based systems (<500 nm). Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy was applied to verify the presence of salts in the scaffolds and to determine the interaction between the salt and the polymer. Another analysis, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, was carried out to determine strontium and zinc

• scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), mechanical tests, investigation of salt dissolution from the scaffolds, examination of their antibacterial activity against four different bacterial strains (Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Bacillus subtilis, and

• , which was placed on a slow rotary drum (10 rpm). The distance between the needle of the syringe and the collector was 15 cm in all cases. The applied voltages (direct current power supply, ES 30 Model, Gamma High Voltage Inc., USA) and flow rates are in Table 1. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy

Green synthesis of biomass-derived carbon quantum dots for photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue

• Dalia Chávez-García,
• Mario Guzman,
• Viridiana Sanchez and
• Rubén D. Cadena-Nava

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 755–766, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.63

• 24 h, CQDs were successfully synthesized. A comprehensive characterization of the CQDs was performed using UV–visible spectroscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering, Raman spectroscopy, and luminescence spectroscopy, confirming their high quality. The photocatalytic

• catalytic activity in MB degradation, while those prepared with water as a solvent did not show significant catalytic activity. The samples were also characterized using UV–visible spectra, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Raman spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering (DLS), and

• underlines the influence of biomass source and synthesis parameters on the resulting CQD dimensions. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy The surface chemical groups of the samples were analyzed using FTIR spectroscopy. Figure 3a displays the FTIR spectrum of the CQDs synthesized with grape pomace. Since

Gold nanomakura: nanoarchitectonics and their photothermal response in association with carrageenan hydrogels

• Nabojit Das,
• Vikas,
• Akash Kumar,
• Sanjeev Soni and
• Raja Gopal Rayavarapu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 678–693, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.56

• , respectively. The observed trend in decreasing aspect ratio is CTAB-AuNM > MTAB-AuNM > DTAB-AuNM. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction analysis The CTAB-, MTAB-, and DTAB-capped gold nanoparticles exhibited strong peaks at 2848 and 2915 cm−1 due to symmetric and asymmetric C–H

Radiofrequency enhances drug release from responsive nanoflowers for hepatocellular carcinoma therapy

• Yanyan Wen,
• Ningning Song,
• Yueyou Peng,
• Weiwei Wu,
• Qixiong Lin,
• Minjie Cui,
• Rongrong Li,
• Qiufeng Yu,
• Sixue Wu,
• Yongkang Liang,
• Wei Tian and
• Yanfeng Meng

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 569–579, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.49

• measured by a Malvern Zetasizer Nano ZS instrument (Nano ZS90, Malvern, UK). A 2 mg NF sample was added into 1 mL of deionized water and directly detected by ZS90. The detection angle was 90 degrees. The compositions were also analyzed using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (Nicolet iS50, Thermo

Photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue under visible light by cobalt ferrite nanoparticles/graphene quantum dots

• Vo Chau Ngoc Anh,
• Le Thi Thanh Nhi,
• Le Thi Kim Dung,
• Dang Thi Ngoc Hoa,
• Nguyen Truong Son,
• Nguyen Thi Thao Uyen,
• Nguyen Ngoc Uyen Thu,
• Le Van Thanh Son,
• Le Trung Hieu,
• Tran Ngoc Tuyen and
• Dinh Quang Khieu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 475–489, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.43

• electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, ultraviolet–visible diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, photoluminescence spectroscopy, vibrating-sample magnetometry, and nitrogen adsorption/desorption isotherms. Cobalt ferrite crystals of around 8–10 nm and

Nanocarrier systems loaded with IR780, iron oxide nanoparticles and chlorambucil for cancer theragnostics

• Phuong-Thao Dang-Luong,
• Hong-Phuc Nguyen,
• Loc Le-Tuan,
• Xuan-Thang Cao,
• Vy Tran-Anh and
• Hieu Vu Quang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 180–189, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.17

• oleic acid was added to the solution and heated to 70 °C for 30 min. The synthesized IO NPs were washed three times with 50 mL of DCM and stored at −80 °C for further experiments. Synthesis of folate-F127 The synthesis was done as previously described [13]. The Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy

Modification of graphene oxide and its effect on properties of natural rubber/graphene oxide nanocomposites

• Nghiem Thi Thuong,
• Le Dinh Quang,
• Vu Quoc Cuong,
• Cao Hong Ha,
• Nguyen Ba Lam and
• Seiichi Kawahara

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 168–179, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.16

• characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, contact angle, thermal gravimetric analysis, and scanning electron microscopy. The XRD results showed the appearance of an amorphous region of silica particles at a diffraction angle of 22°. The formation of silica was

• conditions to determine the ideal condition to modify GO for grafting onto NR. The GO-VTES products were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), contact angle, 29Si NMR, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and morphology analysis. The GO-VTES was expected to improve the mechanical properties

• -VTES(a). Attenuated total reflection–Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy results The attenuated total reflection–Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR–FTIR) results of GO, GO-VTES(a), and GO-VTES(b) are shown in Figure 5. The absorption values ranging from 3100 to 3700 cm−1 corresponded to

Berberine-loaded polylactic acid nanofiber scaffold as a drug delivery system: The relationship between chemical characteristics, drug-release behavior, and antibacterial efficiency

• Le Thi Le,
• Hue Thi Nguyen,
• Liem Thanh Nguyen,
• Huy Quang Tran and
• Thuy Thi Thu Nguyen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 71–82, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.7

• bonds, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) was used to examine the differences in chemical characteristics of BBR-loaded PLA nanofiber scaffolds (Figure 2A). The FTIR spectrum of PLA nanofiber scaffold shows the adsorption peaks at 1751 cm−1 resulting from the stretching vibrations of the C=O

• ImageJ software as an image analysis tool. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy was performed in a Nicolet NEXUS 670 spectrometer. The resulting spectra were recorded in transmission mode in the wavelength range of 500–4000 cm−1. A Raman spectrometer (MacroRAM, Horiba) was used to investigate the

Influence of conductive carbon and MnCo₂O₄ on morphological and electrical properties of hydrogels for electrochemical energy conversion

• Sylwia Pawłowska,
• Karolina Cysewska,
• Yasamin Ziai,
• Jakub Karczewski,
• Piotr Jasiński and
• Sebastian Molin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 57–70, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.6

• MCO and cCB particles in the hydrogel precursor solution to obtain a more homogeneous distribution of these particles in the structure of the polymer matrix and on its surface. The Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) results of the hydrogel compositions and their pure components are shown

Curcumin-loaded albumin submicron particles with potential as a cancer therapy: an in vitro study

• Nittiya Suwannasom,
• Netsai Sriaksorn,
• Chutamas Thepmalee,
• Krissana Khoothiam,
• Ausanai Prapan,
• Hans Bäumler and
• Chonthida Thephinlap

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 1127–1140, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.93

• . SEM images were obtained under high-vacuum conditions at an operation voltage of 15 kV. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy Chemical characteristics of CUR, HSA, HSA-MPs, and CUR-HSA-MPs were examined using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR, Thermo Scientific, NICOLET IS5, Waltham, MA