Laser synthesis of nanoparticles in organic solvents – products, reactions, and perspectives

• Theo Fromme,
• Sven Reichenberger,
• Katharine M. Tibbetts and
• Stephan Barcikowski

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 638–663, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.54

• , metallic glasses, or intermetallics can be synthesized. The origin of the formed carbon can be traced back to chemical reactions during the LSPC, which have been reported to be pyrolysis, di-/trimerization, and polymerization. The by-products of these reactions can be either liquid hydrocarbons, for

Relationship between corrosion and nanoscale friction on a metallic glass

• Haoran Ma and
• Roland Bennewitz

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 236–244, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.18

• Haoran Ma Roland Bennewitz INM – Leibniz Institute for New Materials, Saarbrücken, Germany Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany Department of Physics, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany 10.3762/bjnano.13.18 Abstract Metallic glasses

• surface dissolution at the interface of the two layers. The findings contribute to the understanding of mechanical contacts with metallic glasses under corrosive conditions by exploring the interrelation of microscopic corrosion mechanisms and nanoscale friction. Keywords: atomic force microscopy (AFM

• ); corrosion; friction; metallic glass; passive film; Introduction Metallic glasses (MGs) exhibit excellent mechanical properties including extraordinary hardness and strength [1][2]. Thus, MGs have emerged as novel wear-resistant materials with high potential in tribological applications [3][4][5][6][7][8

Atomic structure of Mg-based metallic glass investigated with neutron diffraction, reverse Monte Carlo modeling and electron microscopy

• Rafał Babilas,
• Dariusz Łukowiec and
• Laszlo Temleitner

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1174–1182, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.119

• the short-range order. Keywords: electron microscopy; metallic glasses; neutron diffraction; reverse Monte Carlo modelling; short-range order; Introduction Magnesium-based metallic glasses are often described as the most sought after alloys given the increasing demand for light weight and low cost

• materials with good functional properties [1][2][3]. Many chemical compositions of metallic glasses based on Mg have been extensively reported in recent years [4][5][6][7], but among all the studied glassy materials, the Mg-TM-RE (TM – transition metal: Cu, Ni, Zn, Ag; RE – rare-earth transition metal: Y

• [9]. However, most of Mg-based glasses are very brittle, which can limit the utility of these materials [10]. Nevertheless, the structural characterization of Mg-based metallic glasses are less described and studied. Some works on the structural characterization have been conducted by investigating

Deformation-driven catalysis of nanocrystallization in amorphous Al alloys

• Rainer J. Hebert,
• John H. Perepezko,
• Harald Rösner and
• Gerhard Wilde

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1428–1433, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.134

• crystallization temperature of undeformed ribbons. Keywords: amorphous alloy; annealing; cold-rolling; nanocrystal; shear-band; Findings Crystallization reactions in metallic glasses have been extensively studied due to the beneficial effect of nanocrystal dispersions on mechanical [1][2][3][4] and magnetic

• properties [5][6][7][8], but also as experimental case studies for nucleation and growth theories [9][10][11]. The devitrification of metallic glasses is commonly considered as a thermally activated process, but some glassy alloys crystallize during intense deformation at temperatures well below the glass

• less than 10 nm, but the origin of the deformation-driven nanocrystallization remains an area of active research. Intense deformation in metallic glasses occurs in shear bands at stress levels of more than about 30% of the shear modulus and at temperatures of below approximately 0.7·Tg [36]. If intense

Lower nanometer-scale size limit for the deformation of a metallic glass by shear transformations revealed by quantitative AFM indentation

• Arnaud Caron and
• Roland Bennewitz

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 1721–1732, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.176

• not discrete but continuous and localized around the indenter, and does not exhibit rate dependence. This contrasts with the observation of serrated, rate-dependent flow of metallic glasses at larger scales. Our results reveal a lower size limit for metallic glasses below which shear transformation

• ; metallic glasses; metals; plasticity; shear transformation; Introduction Hardness testing has been widely applied by materials scientists and mechanical engineers to assess the mechanical properties of materials and to predict their behavior during machining processes or under tribological loading for the

• the generation of shear bands in metallic glasses [4]. Dislocation nucleation and shear band generation are mechanisms that operate at the nanometer scale. In order to investigate the fundamental mechanisms contributing to the mechanical behavior of materials new advanced experimental techniques are

Mapping of elasticity and damping in an α + β titanium alloy through atomic force acoustic microscopy

• M. Kalyan Phani,
• Anish Kumar,
• T. Jayakumar,
• Walter Arnold and
• Konrad Samwer

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 767–776, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.79

• films [8], NiMnGa films [9], Arabidopsis plant [10], polystyrene–propylene blends [11], nickel base alloys [12][13], ferritic steels [13], and metallic glasses [14]. Besides contact-resonance based methods, multi-frequency AFM techniques have also been used for measurement of elastic and damping

• cantilever model must be taken into account [8], and this has been applied recently to metallic glasses by Wagner et al. [24]. They have successfully demonstrated a quantitative approach to determine the local internal friction or loss at a nanometer scale, using the evaluation procedure of the cantilevers

Influence of grain size and composition, topology and excess free volume on the deformation behavior of Cu–Zr nanoglasses

• Daniel Şopu and
• Karsten Albe

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 537–545, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.56

• interfaces don’t show topological disorder. Our results provide clear evidence that the mechanical properties of metallic NGs can be systematically tuned by controlling the size and the chemical composition of the glassy nanograins. Keywords: enhanced plasticity; metallic glasses; nanoglasses; shear bands

• -deformed metallic glasses [11]. Consequently, the NG exhibits a more homogeneous plastic deformation carried by a pattern of multiple shear bands [12] as compared to the bulk metallic glass (BMG), where plastic deformation is well localized in a few dominant shear bands. The influence of interfaces on the

• is known that the short-to-medium-range structural order varies with alloy composition [27], and is assumed to play a major role in controlling the macroscopic properties of metallic glasses, particularly the plastic deformation [22][28]. Therefore, the influence of chemical composition on the

On the structure of grain/interphase boundaries and interfaces

• K. Anantha Padmanabhan and
• Herbert Gleiter

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 1603–1615, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.172

• fractals, which has also found use in describing microstructures [2][3]. The advent of metallic glasses [4] and nano-glasses [5][6] has made it clear that a purely geometrical/crystallographic description of the structure of grain/interphase boundaries and interfaces (found in nano-glasses, where the

• glassy regions on either side are non-crystalline or when an electrode–electrolyte system is subjected to a voltage) is not likely to be tenable as a general concept. It seems fair to say that even before the discovery of metallic glasses, geometrical consideration was only a necessary, but not

• properties. It is interesting that to this day nano-glasses have been produced by using only compositions out of which melt-quenched metallic glasses have been formed in the past. In all these types of materials, the grain boundaries/interfaces have a well-defined structure (not necessarily crystalline) with

Nanoforging – Innovation in three-dimensional processing and shaping of nanoscaled structures

• Andreas Landefeld and
• Joachim Rösler

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 1066–1070, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.118

• . By pressing it into a substrate the structure of the stamp is replicated as imprint. Polymers [5], but also metallic glasses [6], are used as substrate material for this surface patterning process. It is less applicable for three-dimensional forming of individual objects than for structuring of large

Nanoglasses: a new kind of noncrystalline materials

• Herbert Gleiter

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2013, 4, 517–533, doi:10.3762/bjnano.4.61

• , nanoglasses have been synthesized by inert gas condensation from a variety of alloys: Au–Si, Au–La, Cu–Sc, Fe–Sc, Fe–Si, La–Si, Pd–Si, Ni–Ti, Ni–Zr, Ti–P. Magnetron sputtering This method (Figure 5) has been applied so far to Au-based metallic glasses [7][8]. The nanoglass obtained consisted of glassy regions

• fracture stresses were also noted if numerous shear bands had been introduced in metallic glasses by cold rolling prior to the deformation tests. Similarly, Takayama [49] observed work-hardening phenomena in highly drawn metallic glass wires, and attributed this behavior to the intersection of shear bands

• band. As a consequence, both nanoglasses deformed homogeneously (Figure 19). A comparable effect has already been reported for metallic glasses that were pre-deformed by cold rolling [48]. In fact, it may be described in a more quantitative way by the strain localization parameter proposed by Cheng et

Structural and thermoelectric properties of TMGa₃ (TM = Fe, Co) thin films

• Sebastian Schnurr,
• Ulf Wiedwald,
• Paul Ziemann,
• Valeriy Y. Verchenko and
• Andrei V. Shevelkov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2013, 4, 461–466, doi:10.3762/bjnano.4.54

• resistivity of ρ = 200 μΩ·cm for CoGa3 and an electrical resistivity of about 600 μΩ·cm with a small negative temperature dependence for FeGa3. The observed values and temperature dependencies are typical of high-resistivity metallic glasses. This is especially surprising in the case of FeGa3, which as

• crystalline bulk material exhibits a semiconducting behavior, though with a small gap of 0.3 eV. Also the thermoelectric performance complies with that of metallic glasses: Small negative Seebeck coefficients of the order of −6 μV/K at 300 K with almost linear temperature dependence in the range 10 K ≤ T

• clear that all films are highly disordered with respect to their structure. This immediately poses the question as to how such strong disorder affects electrical transport properties like resistivity, ρ, and Seebeck coefficient, S. For amorphous metals, often addressed also as metallic glasses, this