Preferential enrichment and extraction of laser-synthesized nanoparticles in organic phases

• Theo Fromme,
• Maximilian L. Spiekermann,
• Florian Lehmann,
• Stephan Barcikowski,
• Thomas Seidensticker and
• Sven Reichenberger

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 254–263, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.20

• system. The abundance of nanoparticles in PC or alcohol was found to correlate with the electrochemical reduction potential of the respective metal, where the noble metals were enriched within the more polar solvents. The polarity of the solvents (as function of the carbon chain length of the alcohol

• noble metals accumulating in the propylene carbonate phase, while base metals gather in the alcohol phase. The origin of this behavior is likely linked to the chemical composition of the nanoparticle surface. In earlier studies, nanoparticles of the more noble metals (gold, silver, and copper) formed by

• base metals than for the noble metals. As nanoparticles produced by LAL of base metals tend to have a higher degree of surface oxidation, the alcohol groups can stabilize the nanoparticles electrostatically in the alcohol phase [56]. Yet, this effect should increase the affinity of the base metals to

Biomimetic nanocarriers: integrating natural functions for advanced therapeutic applications

• Hugo Felix Perini,
• Beatriz Sodré Matos,
• Carlo José Freire de Oliveira and
• Marcos Vinicius da Silva

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1619–1626, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.127

• differences in key characteristics. The National Nanotechnology Initiative (NNI) emphasizes that nanomaterials hold promising potential across various fields of knowledge [1][5]. Materials such as liposomes, nanoparticles, polymer–drug conjugates, inorganic noble metals, and quantum dots may improve

Electrochemical nanostructured CuBTC/FeBTC MOF composite sensor for enrofloxacin detection

• Thi Kim Ngan Nguyen,
• Tien Dat Doan,
• Huy Hieu Luu,
• Hoang Anh Nguyen,
• Thi Thu Ha Vu,
• Quang Hai Tran,
• Ha Tran Nguyen,
• Thanh Binh Dang,
• Thi Hai Yen Pham and
• Mai Ha Hoang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1522–1535, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.120

• efficacy in the detection of ENR with quick response, low cost, and simple handling; hence, these methods are promising to quantify ENR [15][16]. Noble metals and metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are the most typical electrode materials to detect antibiotics [17][18]. MOFs emerged as the outstanding

Mn-doped ZnO nanopowders prepared by sol–gel and microwave-assisted sol–gel methods and their photocatalytic properties

• Cristina Maria Vlăduț,
• Crina Anastasescu,
• Silviu Preda,
• Oana Catalina Mocioiu,
• Simona Petrescu,
• Jeanina Pandele-Cusu,
• Dana Culita,
• Veronica Bratan,
• Ioan Balint and
• Maria Zaharescu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1283–1296, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.104

• these requirements, putting in front inexpensive, environmentally friendly ZnO able to remove the oxalic acid from aqueous media under solar light irradiation, without added noble metals and only modified with manganese. Our findings not only highlight the potential of Mn-doped ZnO as a highly effective

Laser synthesis of nanoparticles in organic solvents – products, reactions, and perspectives

• Theo Fromme,
• Sven Reichenberger,
• Katharine M. Tibbetts and
• Stephan Barcikowski

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 638–663, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.54

• via the liquid displacement method and gas chromatography (Figure 3) [51]. The amount of formed hydrogen was found to be inversely correlated with the metal’s standard electrochemical reduction potential, resulting in higher hydrogen formation rates during the ablation of less noble metals such as Ti

• Pt (and Cu) was superior compared to that of the other metals (Figure 3d,e) because of surface-catalytic reactions of the metal [51]. In summary, the total water decomposition products formed during ablation increase for less noble metals, which in turn form higher fractions of surface oxide because

• the formation of reducing agents for metal nanoparticle formation during irradiation of metal salt solutions with ultrashort pulses. Several LRL syntheses of nanoparticles, which provide either noble metals, base metals, or oxides, are available and, given the recent review of Frias Batista et al

Potential of a deep eutectic solvent in silver nanoparticle fabrication for antibiotic residue detection

• Le Hong Tho,
• Bui Xuan Khuyen,
• Ngoc Xuan Dat Mai and
• Nhu Hoa Thi Tran

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 426–434, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.38

• ], and other analytical measurements regarding food, medical, and environmental issues [12][13][14]. Undeniably, SERS is the future for sensor design. So far, most achievements regarding SERS rely on the development of plasmonic materials. Noble metals (e.g., Au, Ag, and Cu) are the most important group

• biosensors are commonly made of LSPR materials [17]. With the development of synthesis techniques, numerous nanostructures of noble metals have been extensively studied to improve the intrinsic parameters of sensors. Silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) exhibit great performance in sensing applications owing to the

• best LSPR properties among the noble metals [18]. One of the decisive factors regarding the SERS performance of Ag NP-based platforms is the agglomeration state of the nanoparticles [19], which directly affects the “hot spots”. There have been many studies in which agglomeration of Ag NPs was adjusted

Graphene removal by water-assisted focused electron-beam-induced etching – unveiling the dose and dwell time impact on the etch profile and topographical changes in SiO₂ substrates

• Aleksandra Szkudlarek,
• Jan M. Michalik,
• Inés Serrano-Esparza,
• Zdeněk Nováček,
• Veronika Novotná,
• Piotr Ozga,
• Czesław Kapusta and
• José María De Teresa

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 190–198, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.18

• reactions between H2O molecules and silica could occur, especially in the post-purification of granular materials composed of noble metals, such as Pt–C or Au–C which are directly deposited onto Si or SiO2 substrate. Experimental Sample preparation For this experiment, we chose mechanically exfoliated

A visible-light photodetector based on heterojunctions between CuO nanoparticles and ZnO nanorods

• Doan Nhat Giang,
• Nhat Minh Nguyen,
• Duc Anh Ngo,
• Thanh Trang Tran,
• Le Thai Duy,
• Cong Khanh Tran,
• Thi Thanh Van Tran,
• Phan Phuong Ha La and
• Vinh Quang Dang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 1018–1027, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.84

• the visible range is still a challenge regarding the widespread use of this nanomaterial. Traditional methods to modify ZnO, such as doping with transition metals [24] and decorating with noble metals [25], offer additional flexibility. Doping can significantly influence the optical and electrical

Nanoarchitectonics of photothermal materials to enhance the sensitivity of lateral flow assays

• Elangovan Sarathkumar,
• Rajasekharan S. Anjana and
• Ramapurath S. Jayasree

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 988–1003, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.82

• material [75]. For example, nanocomposite materials have been developed by combining noble metal nanoparticles (Au–Ag, Au–Pt, and Au–Ag–Pt) or hybrids of noble metals, metals, and/or carbon materials (Au–Fe, Au–carbon, and Au–Fe–carbon). The resultant nanocomposites exhibit properties of all constituents

• optimizing the nanoarchitectonics of nanomaterials to achieve superior light-to-heat conversion. We have briefly explained different photothermal nanomaterials, including noble metals, carbon-based materials, polymeric nanomaterials, and semiconductor materials, with their respective mechanism responsible

Plasmonic nanotechnology for photothermal applications – an evaluation

• A. R. Indhu,
• L. Keerthana and
• Gnanaprakash Dharmalingam

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 380–419, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.33

• scattering effects start to dominate when the particle size is reduced beyond the mean free path of 40 nm for these nanoparticles) [73]. Electron–electron thermalization timescales for noble metals such as Au range from 10 to 100 fs, whereas the time scales for the electron–phonon interaction are slightly

Bismuth-based nanostructured photocatalysts for the remediation of antibiotics and organic dyes

• Akeem Adeyemi Oladipo and
• Faisal Suleiman Mustafa

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 291–321, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.26

• turn improves the photocatalytic activity of the nanocomposites. Additionally, to maximise the effectiveness of the transfer/separation of photogenerated carriers, noble metals (such as Pt, Ag, and Au) are typically used to induce surface plasmon resonance effects in photocatalysts [146]. However

• , using noble metals in small or medium-sized industrial water treatment plants will be rather expensive. Recently, bismuth demonstrated a clear surface plasmon resonance effect, indicating the possibility of substituting it for noble metals. Because of the intrinsic photocatalytic characteristics of

Combining physical vapor deposition structuration with dealloying for the creation of a highly efficient SERS platform

• Adrien Chauvin,
• Walter Puglisi,
• Damien Thiry,
• Cristina Satriano,
• Rony Snyders and
• Carla Bittencourt

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 83–94, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.10

• content. However, this observation is not consistent with the previously reported studies on dealloying, revealing that the dealloying kinetics should be faster for samples with a lower amount of noble metals [24]. As previously shown for the case of the Ag–Al alloy dealloyed in HCl, the dealloying leads

Photoelectrochemical water oxidation over TiO₂ nanotubes modified with MoS₂ and g-C₃N₄

• Phuong Hoang Nguyen,
• Thi Minh Cao,
• Tho Truong Nguyen,
• Hien Duy Tong and
• Viet Van Pham

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1541–1550, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.127

• , the electrode material must be extremely durable and nearly chemically inert to be able to withstand highly acidic or basic environments. Therefore, noble metals such as Pt, Pd, Au and Ag with suitable chemical properties, such as inertness, good resistance against corrosion and good electrical

• conductivity have been widely used in water splitting reactions [10][11]. However, noble metals are still rare and expensive materials, and their application as electrode materials is considered to be not optimal [10]. Therefore, the study of a materials with high-performance in PEC water splitting, which

• could replace noble metals are a research interest. Photocatalytic technology uses semiconductors for effective approaches to the degradation of dyes and antibiotics, the removal of pollutant gases, and water splitting to produce hydrogen using solar energy [12][13][14][15][16][17]. Among such

Zinc oxide nanostructures for fluorescence and Raman signal enhancement: a review

• Ioana Marica,
• Fran Nekvapil,
• Maria Ștefan,
• Cosmin Farcău and
• Alexandra Falamaș

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 472–490, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.40

• , enhanced Raman scattering for periodic ZnO-elevated Au dimer nanostructures [12] and enhanced fluorescence emission signals from Al-doped ZnO films [13] were obtained. The development of hybrid nanocomposites based on ZnO and noble metals for fluorescence and Raman signal enhancement has recently attracted

• nanostructures, however, are significantly inferior to those on noble metals since the LSPR is centred in the near-infrared in the case of the conduction band (CB) and in the UV region in the case of the valence band (VB) [14]. Therefore, concrete solutions have been proposed to improve the EM enhancement in ZnO

• as SEF, SERS [16][17], infrared absorption, and even second harmonic generation [18], which can improve the performance of optical sensors and optoelectronic devices. ZnO alone and in combination with noble metals has been recently used for the development of SERS substrates [15][19] due to several

Tin dioxide nanomaterial-based photocatalysts for nitrogen oxide oxidation: a review

• Viet Van Pham,
• Hong-Huy Tran,
• Thao Kim Truong and
• Thi Minh Cao

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 96–113, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.7

• photocatalysts and a cost-effective, environmentally benign way through heat treatment in different atmospheres [39]. Combining noble metals with SnO2, such as in Au/SnO2 [78] or Pd/SnO2 [79], is an advanced approach yielding an effective performance for gas sensing. However, There is only one report by Bui et

Sputtering onto liquids: a critical review

• Anastasiya Sergievskaya,
• Adrien Chauvin and
• Stephanos Konstantinidis

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 10–53, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.2

Topographic signatures and manipulations of Fe atoms, CO molecules and NaCl islands on superconducting Pb(111)

• Carl Drechsel,
• Philipp D’Astolfo,
• Jung-Ching Liu,
• Thilo Glatzel,
• Rémy Pawlak and
• Ernst Meyer

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1–9, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.1

• superconducting Re(0001) [16] and Ta(100)-O surfaces [37]. Despite being well established on many noble metals, the use of CO-terminated tips also remains quite scarce in the literature [38], which severely limits the use of AFM as imaging tool on superconductors. Recently, Heinrich et al. have demonstrated the

• minute. This leads to a surface coverage of about 0.1–0.3 monolayers, as we readily observed on noble metals such as Cu, Ag or Au [45][46]. Iron adatoms were evaporated in the microscope head on the substrate at a temperature below 15 K. NaCl was evaporated from a quartz crucible on samples kept at room

• metal surface, as observed on different noble metals [45][46]. Figure 1b and Figure 1c show STM topographic images after such process. While the surface topography remains unchanged in comparison to Figure 1a, numerous scan instabilities are now present, which we attribute to CO molecules diffusing

Interface interaction of transition metal phthalocyanines with strontium titanate (100)

• Reimer Karstens,
• Thomas Chassé and
• Heiko Peisert

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 485–496, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.39

• might become possible between particular atoms of substrate and adsorbate. For example, for many CoPc and CoPcF16 interfaces to noble metals, the interfacial interaction is governed by a local interaction between the Co 3dz2 orbital and states of the metal substrate [38][39][40]. Thus, the selected

Nickel nanoparticle-decorated reduced graphene oxide/WO₃ nanocomposite – a promising candidate for gas sensing

• Ilka Simon,
• Alexandr Savitsky,
• Rolf Mülhaupt,
• Vladimir Pankov and
• Christoph Janiak

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 343–353, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.28

• 200 to 400 °C, which means a high power consumption [4]. WO3 is a wide-bandgap [12][13] n-type semiconductor [14][15] with good sensitivity towards NO2 [16] and CO [17]. Known successful routes to improve the MOS gas sensing performance are doping with transition metals, decoration with noble metals

The influence of an interfacial hBN layer on the fluorescence of an organic molecule

• Christine Brülke,
• Oliver Bauer and
• Moritz M. Sokolowski

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1663–1684, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.149

• small quantity of molecules can be observed here at all is attributed to surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) [45]. This effect is most commonly observed on rough surfaces of noble metals [45] or at metal nanostructures [46], and it is utilized in surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy [47]. There are

Wafer-level integration of self-aligned high aspect ratio silicon 3D structures using the MACE method with Au, Pd, Pt, Cu, and Ir

• Mathias Franz,
• Romy Junghans,
• Paul Schmitt,
• Adriana Szeghalmi and
• Stefan E. Schulz

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1439–1449, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.128

• layer for the wet etching of silicon. The MACE process has been extensively studied over the last decade [13][14][15][16]. In theory, the process works with a wide range of noble metals. The main focus in research has been set on the noble metals gold (Au) and silver (Ag) [2][17][18][19]. Other studies

• structures, while etching with platinum-group metals (Pt, Pd, or Ir) yields predominantly nanoporous sponge-like structures. We demonstrated the MACE process with the noble metals Au, Pt, Pd, Cu, and, as a novelty, with Ir. Depending on the contamination budget of the integrated system one can select an

One-step synthesis of carbon-supported electrocatalysts

• Sebastian Tigges,
• Nicolas Wöhrl,
• Ivan Radev,
• Ulrich Hagemann,
• Markus Heidelmann,
• Thai Binh Nguyen,
• Stanislav Gorelkov,
• Stephan Schulz and
• Axel Lorke

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1419–1431, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.126

• commercial production of fuel cell catalysts, especially the scarcity of noble metals and the insufficient electrochemical long-term stability. Even though the surface-to-volume ratio can be drastically increased by the use of nanoparticles instead of thin films, the amount of noble metal (usually platinum

Photothermally active nanoparticles as a promising tool for eliminating bacteria and biofilms

• Mykola Borzenkov,
• Piersandro Pallavicini,
• Angelo Taglietti,
• Laura D’Alfonso,
• Maddalena Collini and
• Giuseppe Chirico

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1134–1146, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.98

• active nanoparticles: a brief overview Nowadays, there is a broad spectrum of nanoparticles that are able to convert absorbed light into heat through a phenomenon known as the photothermal effect [33][35]. These nanoparticles are predominantly inorganic, constituted by noble metals (Au, Ag), carbon-based

Atomic layer deposition for efficient oxygen evolution reaction at Pt/Ir catalyst layers

• Stefanie Schlicht,
• Korcan Percin,
• Stefanie Kriescher,
• André Hofer,
• Claudia Weidlich,
• Matthias Wessling and
• Julien Bachmann

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 952–959, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.79

• significant cost of theses noble metals renders it necessary to minimize their loading and maintain optimal access of the electrolyte to every active site of their surface. Numerous studies have been dedicated to the development of such bimetallic catalysts in various compositions [11], using various coating

• ), a rather thick layer of the order of 1 μm is observed. Some cracks can be detected on the egdes of the coating where the fibers cross, due to low transport rates at these locations and high mechanical stress. The existence of the noble metals is proven by energy-dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX

Nickel nanoparticles supported on a covalent triazine framework as electrocatalyst for oxygen evolution reaction and oxygen reduction reactions

• Secil Öztürk,
• Yu-Xuan Xiao,
• Dennis Dietrich,
• Beatriz Giesen,
• Juri Barthel,
• Jie Ying,
• Xiao-Yu Yang and
• Christoph Janiak

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 770–781, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.62

• developed. Noble metals (Ir, Ru) and their oxides are the current commercial electrocatalysts for the OER, whereas Pt metal is the benchmark catalyst for the ORR [4][5]. Yet, all these catalysts have drawbacks such as scarcity and high cost, which are disadvantageous for their large-scale production and

• application. Consequently, researchers are working on discovering and developing catalysts for OER and ORR that are metal-free or based on non-noble metals, stable and earth-abundant [6][7][8][9][10]. Among the transition-metal-based OER and ORR catalysts, Ni-containing catalysts are promising candidates [7