Nanomaterials in targeting amyloid-β oligomers: current advances and future directions for Alzheimer's disease diagnosis and therapy

• Shiwani Randhawa,
• Trilok Chand Saini,
• Manik Bathla,
• Rahul Bhardwaj,
• Rubina Dhiman and
• Amitabha Acharya

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 561–580, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.44

• . These studies reveal that SWCNTs interact with the hydrophobic residues of Aβ peptides, particularly through π-stacking interactions with aromatic amino acids such as phenylalanine. This interaction destabilizes the prefibrillar β-sheet structures, preventing the formation of toxic oligomers and

Synthetic-polymer-assisted antisense oligonucleotide delivery: targeted approaches for precision disease treatment

• Ana Cubillo Alvarez,
• Dylan Maguire and
• Ruairí P. Brannigan

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 435–463, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.34

• luciferase inhibition efficacies exceeding 80%. The modification of high-molecular-weight PEI with amino acids such as leucine, tryptophan, tyrosine, and phenylalanine has also proven advantageous in delivering small RNA oligonucleotides [120]. In particular, tyrosine-conjugated PEI25kDa–ssASO polyplexes

AI-assisted models to predict chemotherapy drugs modified with C₆₀ fullerene derivatives

• Jonathan-Siu-Loong Robles-Hernández,
• Dora Iliana Medina,
• Katerin Aguirre-Hurtado,
• Marlene Bosquez,
• Roberto Salcedo and
• Alan Miralrio

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1170–1188, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.95

• phenylalanine Phe294 and arginine Arg197 (Figure 4a) as prominent residues. The second possible binding site is outside the protein, near where drug–C60 binds; common residues are serine Ser316 and valine Val313 (Figure 4b). The third binding site is also at the outside of the protein and characterized by

Design of surface nanostructures for chirality sensing based on quartz crystal microbalance

• Yinglin Ma,
• Xiangyun Xiao and
• Qingmin Ji

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1201–1219, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.100

• in the pharmaceutical industry. It has been taken as a model molecule to verify the “proof-of-principle” concept for chiral recognition [28]. Kim and co-workers fabricated ʟ-phenylalanine (ʟ-Phe)-modified QCM sensor and used vapor diffusion molecular assembly (VDMA) to study the chiral adsorption of

• ) and 4-vinylpyridine- (4-Vpy) based polymer film with dansyl-ʟ-phenylalanine as the chiral template. The template was finally removed by washing with a solution of 0.01 M HCl. The resultant MIP could specifically recognize dansyl-ʟ-phenylalanine in solution and quantitatively measure ʟ- and ᴅ-forms in

• the enantiomer mixture [47]. Based on the QCM system, they also studied the relationship between the recognition efficiency and the number of chiral cavities in MIP films, which was achieved by varying the concentrations of the chiral template (dansyl-ʟ-phenylalanine) during the MIP formation process

Bioselectivity of silk protein-based materials and their bio-inspired applications

• Hendrik Bargel,
• Vanessa T. Trossmann,
• Christoph Sommer and
• Thomas Scheibel

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 902–921, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.81

• proteins (HDPs) was coined [89]. HDPs are rich in cationic amino acids (e.g., arginine and lysine), and amino acids with hydrophobic side chains (e.g., tryptophan, phenylalanine, tyrosine, leucine, isoleucine, and valine). This composition renders them amphiphilic, which is crucial to their mode of action

Self-assembly of amino acids toward functional biomaterials

• Huan Ren,
• Lifang Wu,
• Lina Tan,
• Yanni Bao,
• Yuchen Ma,
• Yong Jin and
• Qianli Zou

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 1140–1150, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.85

• supramolecular assemblies [32][33]. Twenty natural amino acids are used by cells to synthesize peptides and proteins. A single amino acid can be self-assembled. For example, Adler-Abramovich et al. [34] showed for the first time that phenylalanine, a single aromatic amino acid, can form ordered fibrillar

• interaction between phenylalanine (Phe) rings may play a major role in the self-assembly process. Interestingly, their study also revealed that ᴅ-Phe changes ʟ-Phe fibrous state to flakes, which do not propagate further and do not seed ʟ-Phe, suggesting that ᴅ-Phe may be a potential therapeutic molecule for

• phenylketonuria. Bera et al. [37] studied the effect of chiral on aromatic amino acid self-assembly. They found that the hybrid ᴅʟ system (racemate) alters the morphology and dynamics of the assemblies. For example, either ʟ-phenylalanine or ᴅ-phenylalanine can form amyloid fibers, but the ᴅʟ system shows a

Fabrication of nano/microstructures for SERS substrates using an electrochemical method

• Jingran Zhang,
• Tianqi Jia,
• Xiaoping Li,
• Junjie Yang,
• Zhengkai Li,
• Guangfeng Shi,
• Xinming Zhang and
• Zuobin Wang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1568–1576, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.139

• bridge (521 cm−1), phenylalanine (601 cm−1), tryptophan(s) (760 cm−1), tyrosine doublet (858 cm−1), tryptophan (881 cm−1), CC stretching (934 cm−1), tyrosine (1085 cm−1, 1210 cm−1), tryptophan (1337 cm−1), COO− symmetric stretch(s) (1384 cm−1), and tryptophan (1554 cm−1). Together, these data show that

A 3D-polyphenylalanine network inside porous alumina: Synthesis and characterization of an inorganic–organic composite membrane

• Jonathan Stott and
• Jörg J. Schneider

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 938–951, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.78

• Abstract Surface functionalization of porous materials allows for the introduction of additional functionality coupled with high mechanical stability of functionalized inner pores. Herein, we investigate the surface-initiated ring-opening polymerization (SI-ROP) of phenylalanine-N-carboxyanhydride (PA-NCA

• several nanometers to over 100 nanometers were realized on flat surfaces [9][10][11][12][13][14]. Whitesell et al. first described a SI-ROP of alanine-NCA and phenylalanine-NCA on flat surfaces [15]. In the last decades poly(γ-benzyl-ʟ-glutamate) has become the most prominent polypeptide with respect to

• -phenylalanine) were fabricated by a template method reported by Cui et al. [32]. In this study, we functionalize porous alumina substrates to induce the formation of three-dimensional supported organo-gels within their porous architecture to study a new inorganic–organic composite material. Such a surface

Outstanding chain-extension effect and high UV resistance of polybutylene succinate containing amino-acid-modified layered double hydroxides

• Adam A. Marek,
• Vincent Verney,
• Christine Taviot-Gueho,
• Grazia Totaro,
• Laura Sisti,
• Annamaria Celli and
• Fabrice Leroux

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 684–695, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.68

• melt compounding process. The Mg2Al-based PBS nanocomposites, dispersed with inorganic–organic hybrid materials (layered double hydroxides, LDHs), were functionalized with the amino acids L-histidine (HIS) and L-phenylalanine (PHE). The rheological and anti-ultraviolet (anti-UV) properties were

• LDH hybrid materials, and in particular, their application as a polymer chain extender and UV stabilizer for PBS, which can likely be extended to other biodegradable polymers. Keywords: amino acid; layered double hydroxide; phenylalanine; polybutylene succinate; Introduction Polymer nanocomposite

• medium wavelength range of the ultraviolet C (UVC) and ultraviolet B (UVB) regions. In the present work, Mg2Al LDH materials were first organo-modified with histidine and phenylalanine using a co-precipitation method and then characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared

Low cost tips for tip-enhanced Raman spectroscopy fabricated by two-step electrochemical etching of 125 µm diameter gold wires

• Antonino Foti,
• Francesco Barreca,
• Enza Fazio,
• Cristiano D’Andrea,
• Paolo Matteini,
• Onofrio Maria Maragò and
• Pietro Giuseppe Gucciardi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2718–2729, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.254

• appearance of some of typical vibrational bands of protein samples such as the phenylalanine (Phe) ring breathing mode at 1004 cm−1 or the amide II band at 1550 cm−1 due to the C–N stretching mode and N–H bending mode of the atoms forming the peptide chain. No signal is detected when the tip is not in

Effective intercalation of zein into Na-montmorillonite: role of the protein components and use of the developed biointerfaces

• Ana C. S. Alcântara,
• Margarita Darder,
• Pilar Aranda and
• Eduardo Ruiz-Hitzky

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1772–1782, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.170

• detergents [16][18][19]. The solubility is attributed to the non-polar amino acid residues of the protein, such as valine, leucine, proline, isoleucine, alanine, and phenylalanine, which confer a hydrophobic character to the protein [16]. Therefore, a good knowledge of structural and solubility properties of

Controlling mechanical properties of bio-inspired hydrogels by modulating nano-scale, inter-polymeric junctions

• Seonki Hong,
• Hyukjin Lee and
• Haeshin Lee

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 887–894, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.101

• quinones. For mussel adhesives, DOPAquinone is formed by oxidation of a catecholic amino acid, 3,4-dihydroxy-L-phenylalanine (DOPA). Subsequently, DOPAquinone rapidly reacts with basic amino acids, such as lysine and/or histidine, forming covalent adducts of DOPA-DOPA, lysyl-DOPA, and/or histeinyl-DOPA [7

Extracellular biosynthesis of gadolinium oxide (Gd₂O₃) nanoparticles, their biodistribution and bioconjugation with the chemically modified anticancer drug taxol

• Shadab Ali Khan,
• Sanjay Gambhir and
• Absar Ahmad

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 249–257, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.27

• absorption edge at ca. 270 nm arises due to electronic transitions in the delocalized π-electrons present in the indole ring of aromatic amino acids such as tryptophan, tyrosine and to some extent phenylalanine residues, which are present in the proteins moiety [24]. These residues of proteins may be

Self-organizing bioinspired oligothiophene–oligopeptide hybrids

• Alexey K. Shaytan,
• Eva-Kathrin Schillinger,
• Elena Mena-Osteritz,
• Sylvia Schmid,
• Pavel G. Khalatur,
• Peter Bäuerle and
• Alexei R. Khokhlov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2011, 2, 525–544, doi:10.3762/bjnano.2.57

• (SPPS) by sequential coupling of standard fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl (Fmoc)-protected amino acids and the pseudoproline unit onto a preloaded TentaGel resin [27]. Incorporation of the Fmoc-protected azido-phenylalanine (aPhe) and the addition of the switch ester segment between valine (Val) and threonine