Synthetic-polymer-assisted antisense oligonucleotide delivery: targeted approaches for precision disease treatment

• Ana Cubillo Alvarez,
• Dylan Maguire and
• Ruairí P. Brannigan

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 435–463, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.34

• post-polymerisation modification for drug conjugation or additional targeting [59]. In addition to small molecules, drugs, and proteins, polymers play an essential role in the delivery of nucleic acids as they provide high stability and flexibility [60]. The delivery or nucleic acids can be improved

• synthetic approaches, that is, chemical–enzymatic synthesis (CES), solid-phase peptide synthesis (SPPS), and ring-opening polymerisation (ROP) of N-carboxy anhydrides [62]. While CES and SPPS offer access to structural isomers (i.e., α-PLL or ε-PLL) and sequence-controlled ʟ-lysine-rich peptides

Vinorelbine-loaded multifunctional magnetic nanoparticles as anticancer drug delivery systems: synthesis, characterization, and in vitro release study

• Zeynep Özcan and
• Afife Binnaz Hazar Yoruç

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 256–269, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.24

• ratios as a result of dopamine polymerisation and covalent bonding of thiol-polyethylene glycol (SH-PEG). The VNB/PDA/Fe3O4 nanoparticles have a saturation magnetisation value of 60.40 emu/g in vibrating sample magnetometry, which proves their magnetisation. Vinorelbine, which is used as an effective

Influence of conductive carbon and MnCo₂O₄ on morphological and electrical properties of hydrogels for electrochemical energy conversion

• Sylwia Pawłowska,
• Karolina Cysewska,
• Yasamin Ziai,
• Jakub Karczewski,
• Piotr Jasiński and
• Sebastian Molin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 57–70, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.6

• interactions, ionic cross-linking, and hydrogen-bonded gels). Chemically synthesised hydrogels are produced by covalent cross-linking pathways such as radical polymerisation, radiation cross-linking, grafting, thermogelation, enzymatic reactions, and click chemistry [4][5]. Hydrogel materials have quite a long

• particles of the MnCo2O4 electrocatalyst and conductive carbon in a PNIPAAm hydrogel precursor solution, which was then subjected to polymerisation. As a result, a hydrogel composite was created in a single-stage synthesis process. In addition, the applied methodology allowed us to avoid the need to use

• backbone, very few of them were observed. Therefore, it can be concluded that there is a certain limit to the concentration of particles added to the hydrogel, which after the polymerisation process are trapped in the hydrogel skeleton. Above this limit, excess particles are still bound to the polymer

Industrial perspectives for personalized microneedles

• Remmi Danae Baker-Sediako,
• Benjamin Richter,
• Matthias Blaicher,
• Michael Thiel and
• Martin Hermatschweiler

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 857–864, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.70

• ”, “microneedle SLA”, and “microneedle Stereolithography”. Similarly, we used the following keywords for 2PP-fabricated microneedles: “microneedle 2-photon polymerization”, “microneedle 2-photon polymerisation”, “microneedle 2PP”, “microneedle TPP”, and “microneedle multiphoton lithography”. Conical microneedles

Effects of substrate stiffness on the viscoelasticity and migration of prostate cancer cells examined by atomic force microscopy

• Xiaoqiong Tang,
• Yan Zhang,
• Jiangbing Mao,
• Yuhua Wang,
• Zhenghong Zhang,
• Zhengchao Wang and
• Hongqin Yang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 560–569, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.47

• imaging of the cell membrane. We observed that prostate cancer cells exhibit a strong migration ability by sensing changes in the extracellular environment through actin polymerization and filamentous pseudopods. This is because the role of actin polymerisation in cell adhesion structure formation

• that when we inhibit actin polymerisation with an actin-binding protein inhibitor, the actin fibrils fail to polymerise into bundles and the prostate cancer cells themselves have reduced elasticity values and increased viscosity values, thus reducing the migration ability of the prostate cancer cells

Humidity-dependent wound sealing in succulent leaves of Delosperma cooperi – An adaptation to seasonal drought stress

• Olga Speck,
• Mark Schlechtendahl,
• Florian Borm,
• Tim Kampowski and
• Thomas Speck

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 175–186, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.20

• construction plans, numerical and analytical models [6]. In cases in which mainly physical processes (e.g., movement driven by hydraulics and mechanical instabilities or a given stress–strain field in combination with morphological–anatomical characteristics) and/or chemical processes (e.g., polymerisation

Influence of stabilising agents and pH on the size of SnO₂ nanoparticles

• Olga Rac,
• Patrycja Suchorska-Woźniak,
• Marta Fiedot and
• Helena Teterycz

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 2192–2201, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.228

• metal oxides occurring in polymeric micelles [20]. The second theory, although less popular, describes the stabilisation of polymers by molecules that results from the polymerisation of monomers which occur in the presence of nanoparticles. In this article, synthetic polymers were used as stabilisers

Model systems for studying cell adhesion and biomimetic actin networks

• Dorothea Brüggemann,
• Johannes P. Frohnmayer and
• Joachim P. Spatz

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 1193–1202, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.131

• -binding proteins, such as filamin, into GUVs of 20 μm diameter. K+ ions were introduced into the vesicles by ionophores, thus triggering actin polymerisation. This polymerisation process was observed to induce morphological changes of the initially spherical vesicles towards irregular, asymmetric shapes

• [55]. Sackmann and co-workers later studied GUVs with enclosed actin networks, which were formed by spontaneous swelling in a buffer containing actin monomers. They also observed shape transitions in these model cells following actin polymerisation, but osmotic effects due to the addition of MgCl2

• unilamellar vesicles with a high yield [61]. By using this „droplet transfer“ approach, actin could be efficiently encapsulated in unilamellar vesicles with sizes ranging from 100 nm to 1 μm. Actin polymerisation was induced by the addition of magnesium, and the polymerisation kinetics were unaffected by the

Fullerenes as adhesive layers for mechanical peeling of metallic, molecular and polymer thin films

• Maria B. Wieland,
• Anna G. Slater,
• Barry Mangham,
• Neil R. Champness and
• Peter H. Beton

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 394–401, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.46

• of this molecular adhesive layer provides a new route to transfer polymeric films from metal substrates to other surfaces as we demonstrate for an assembly of covalently-coupled porphyrins. Keywords: polymerisation; porphyrin; surface; thin film; transfer; Introduction The mechanical removal of

• -surface polymerisation studies are performed. In this paper we demonstrate that a sublimed layer of organic molecules provides unexpected adhesive properties which may be used to remove thin metallic films from a mica substrate by mechanical peeling. We focus in particular, but not exclusively, on the

• on-surface polymerisation and may be readily characterised optically. The transfer process has been implemented with (non-polymerised) porphyrin layers with thickness varying from 0.5 nm to 5 nm, and a 15 nm overlayer of fullerene. For control purposes porphyrin thin films covered by varying

Characterization and properties of micro- and nanowires of controlled size, composition, and geometry fabricated by electrodeposition and ion-track technology

• Maria Eugenia Toimil-Molares

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2012, 3, 860–883, doi:10.3762/bjnano.3.97

• , polymerisation reactions, sol–gel template synthesis, and high-pressure injection of a melted material are examples of available techniques suitable for filling the pores. The electrodeposition of 40 nm diameter metal nanowires (Sn, In, and Zn) in etched fission tracks in mica was reported by Possin et al. back