Instance maps as an organising concept for complex experimental workflows as demonstrated for (nano)material safety research

• Benjamin Punz,
• Maja Brajnik,
• Joh Dokler,
• Jaleesia D. Amos,
• Litty Johnson,
• Katie Reilly,
• Anastasios G. Papadiamantis,
• Amaia Green Etxabe,
• Lee Walker,
• Diego S. T. Martinez,
• Steffi Friedrichs,
• Klaus M. Weltring,
• Nazende Günday-Türeli,
• Claus Svendsen,
• Christine Ogilvie Hendren,
• Mark R. Wiesner,
• Martin Himly,
• Iseult Lynch and
• Thomas E. Exner

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 57–77, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.7

• polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) surface by reduction of silver nitrate in ethylene glycol with 10k PVP. The PVP-AgNPs are characterised regarding some of their physical attributes such as the particles’ shape, size, and crystalline phase. The particles are then sulfidised using different specified concentrations of the PVP

Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles derived from algae and their larvicidal properties to control Aedes aegypti

• Matheus Alves Siqueira de Assunção,
• Douglas Dourado,
• Daiane Rodrigues dos Santos,
• Gabriel Bezerra Faierstein,
• Mara Elga Medeiros Braga,
• Severino Alves Junior,
• Rosângela Maria Rodrigues Barbosa,
• Herminio José Cipriano de Sousa and
• Fábio Rocha Formiga

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1566–1575, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.123

• , chemical, or biological methods [28]. Chemical AgNPs synthesis can require toxic substances such as polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyvinyl alcohol, and polyacrylonitrile as stabilizing agents and sodium borohydride, hydrazine, and hydroxylamine as reducing agents [29]. These may generate more toxic chemical

Effect of wavelength and liquid on formation of Ag, Au, Ag/Au nanoparticles via picosecond laser ablation and SERS-based detection of DMMP

• Sree Satya Bharati Moram,
• Chandu Byram and
• Venugopal Rao Soma

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1054–1069, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.86

• , cetyltrimethylammonium chloride (CTAC), polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), and sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS). Their outcomes revealed that the productivity of Ag NPs was higher in acetone, followed by CTAC, water, PVP, and SDS. The order of NP formation efficiency was reported to be acetone >CTAC >water >PVP >SDS. Morphological

Electrospun polysuccinimide scaffolds containing different salts as potential wound dressing material

• Veronika Pálos,
• Krisztina S. Nagy,
• Rita Pázmány,
• Krisztina Juriga-Tóth,
• Bálint Budavári,
• Judit Domokos,
• Dóra Szabó,
• Ákos Zsembery and
• Angela Jedlovszky-Hajdu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 781–796, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.65

• al. investigated polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) film doped with silver and zinc oxide nanoparticles. They reported that the presence of the nanoparticles increased the fiber diameter of the PVP polymer film [47]. Evaluation of mechanical tests For wound dressing applications, mechanical properties

On the additive artificial intelligence-based discovery of nanoparticle neurodegenerative disease drug delivery systems

• Shan He,
• Julen Segura Abarrategi,
• Harbil Bediaga,
• Sonia Arrasate and
• Humberto González-Díaz

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 535–555, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.47

• = guanidinonaltrindole, 12 = semagacestat, 13 = huprine X, 14= carproctamide, 15= tacrine, 16 = tramiprosate, 17 = preladenant, 18 = piracetam, 19 = istradefylline, and 20 = rivastigmine. These systems include the following coating agents: PEG = polyethylene glycol, PVP = polyvinylpyrrolidone, PPF = propylammonium

Potential of a deep eutectic solvent in silver nanoparticle fabrication for antibiotic residue detection

• Le Hong Tho,
• Bui Xuan Khuyen,
• Ngoc Xuan Dat Mai and
• Nhu Hoa Thi Tran

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 426–434, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.38

• by different kinds of surfactants such as cetyltrimethylammonium bromide [20][21], polyvinylpyrrolidone [18], and sodium dodecyl sulfate [21][22]. However, these chemicals have many negative effects on the environment including microbial, plant, soil, and marine ecosystems as reported by Rebello and

Enhanced electronic transport properties of Te roll-like nanostructures

• E. R. Viana,
• N. Cifuentes and
• J. C. González

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1284–1291, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.106

• environmentally friendly solvothermal method by the reduction of Na2TeO3 and passivation with polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), as reported elsewhere [15]. The procedure described by Wu et al. [15] for the synthesis of Te NWs was followed, with the modification of increasing the autoclave heating to 200 °C. All

Microneedle-based ocular drug delivery systems – recent advances and challenges

• Piotr Gadziński,
• Anna Froelich,
• Monika Wojtyłko,
• Antoni Białek,
• Julia Krysztofiak and
• Tomasz Osmałek

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1167–1184, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.98

• if the needles break and are deposited in the tissue [117][118]. Other non-degradable materials utilized to fabricate microneedles, include metals such as stainless steel [119] and titanium [120], ceramics, such as aluminum oxide [121], or synthetic polymers comprising polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) [122

Biomimetic chitosan with biocomposite nanomaterials for bone tissue repair and regeneration

• Se-Kwon Kim,
• Sesha Subramanian Murugan,
• Pandurang Appana Dalavi,
• Sebanti Gupta,
• Sukumaran Anil,
• Gi Hun Seong and
• Jayachandran Venkatesan

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1051–1067, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.92

• graphene oxide/hydroxyapatite/chitosan composites was verified by an MTT assay using A549 cells. The results revealed that the cell viability of A549 cells exceeded 23%, showing that the composites slowed osteosarcoma progression [71]. Graphene oxide-modified chitosan/polyvinylpyrrolidone developed

Influence of thickness and morphology of MoS₂ on the performance of counter electrodes in dye-sensitized solar cells

• Lam Thuy Thi Mai,
• Hai Viet Le,
• Ngan Kim Thi Nguyen,
• Van La Tran Pham,
• Thu Anh Thi Nguyen,
• Nguyen Thanh Le Huynh and
• Hoang Thai Nguyen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 528–537, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.44

• %), valeronitrile (CH3(CH2)3CN, 99.5%), chloroplatinic acid hexahydrate (H2PtCl6·6H2O, ≥37.50% Pt), sulfuric acid (H2SO4, 95–98%), polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP, (C6H9NO)n, average Mw 10,000), and sodium borohydride (NaBH4, 99%) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (Germany). Low-temperature thermoplastic sealant (Surlyn

Ciprofloxacin-loaded dissolving polymeric microneedles as a potential therapeutic for the treatment of S. aureus skin infections

• Sharif Abdelghany,
• Walhan Alshaer,
• Yazan Al Thaher,
• Maram Al Fawares,
• Amal G. Al-Bakri,
• Saja Zuriekat and
• Randa SH. Mansour

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 517–527, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.43

• dissolving polymeric microneedles prepared by a two-layer centrifugation method as a potential treatment of skin infections such as cellulitis. The polymers used were polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP). Two formulations were investigated, namely CIP_MN1, composed of 10 mg ciprofloxacin

• results suggest that CIP_MN1 can be a potential delivery system for the treatment of S. aureus skin infections. Keywords: dissolving microneedles; microneedles; polyvinyl alcohol (PVA); polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP); skin infection; Introduction Topical and transdermal drug delivery is a major route for

Design and characterization of polymeric microneedles containing extracts of Brazilian green propolis

• Camila Felix Vecchi,
• Rafaela Said dos Santos,
• Jéssica Bassi da Silva and
• Marcos Luciano Bruschi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 503–516, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.42

• taken orally, the extracts have a strong and unpleasant taste. The aim of this work was to fabricate and characterize microneedles containing polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinylpyrrolidone, poloxamer P407, and an ethanolic or glycolic extract of PRP. Also, the obtained structures were microscopically and

• and lower toxicity [26][27]. In our previous studies, polymeric systems composed of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), and poloxamer 407 (P407) were obtained and characterized. P407 could improve structuring and rapid dispersion of polymeric matrices, which showed promising

• from Sigma (St. Louis, MO, USA). Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) was obtained from Neon (Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil), polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), and ethanol 96° GL was purchased from Labsynth (Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil). SylgardTM 184 silicone elastomers kit (polydimethylsiloxane; PDMS) was purchased from Dow (Midland

Photothermal ablation of murine melanomas by Fe₃O₄ nanoparticle clusters

• Xue Wang,
• Lili Xuan and
• Ying Pan

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 255–264, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.20

• micelles and the formation of Fe3O4 nanoparticle clusters, which were then coated with polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) to improve stability, biocompatibility and chemical features of the nanoparticles. Further SEM measurements revealed the as-formed Fe3O4 NPCs to be spherical and uniformly sized with an average

• acetylacetonate (Fe(acac)3, 99.9+%), dibenzyl ether (99%), oleic acid (90%), oleylamine (>70%), dodecyltrimethylammonium bromide (DTAB, 99%), tetradecyltrimethylammonium bromide (TTAB, 99%), and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP, molecular weight 58,000) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich. Decayltrimethylammonium bromide

A comprehensive review on electrospun nanohybrid membranes for wastewater treatment

• Senuri Kumarage,
• Imalka Munaweera and
• Nilwala Kottegoda

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 137–159, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.10

• into cross-linked polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) [15]. ENH membranes, along with their high porosity and high aspect ratio, possess a high permeation ability, adsorbability, and selectivity, which makes them excellent for environmental remediation, specifically for the adsorption and filtration of

Tin dioxide nanomaterial-based photocatalysts for nitrogen oxide oxidation: a review

• Viet Van Pham,
• Hong-Huy Tran,
• Thao Kim Truong and
• Thi Minh Cao

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 96–113, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.7

• , nanobelts, and nanotubes. These morphologies can be controllably obtained by using polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), sodium dodecyl sulfonate (SDS), cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB), or tetrapropyl ammonium bromide (TPAB) as surfactants in a hydrothermal method [56][57][58][59]. The difference of

Electrical, electrochemical and structural studies of a chlorine-derived ionic liquid-based polymer gel electrolyte

• Ashish Gupta,
• Amrita Jain,
• Manju Kumari and
• Santosh K. Tripathi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 1252–1261, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.92

• -dimethylimidazolium chloride ([BDiMIM][Cl]), tested its application in polymer electrolytes, and obtained a maximum room-temperature conductivity of 2.7 × 10−6 S·cm−1. Among various polymer matrix systems, such as polyethylene oxide (PEO) [18][19], polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) [20][21], and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) [22

An overview of microneedle applications, materials, and fabrication methods

• Zahra Faraji Rad,
• Philip D. Prewett and
• Graham J. Davies

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 1034–1046, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.77

• microneedles of soluble poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) and PLGA–polyvinylpyrrolidone (PLGA–PVP) layered combinations have been used to provide controlled drug delivery of bovine serum albumin (BSA), rather than instantaneous release [60]. There are only a few published studies demonstrating the

Progress and innovation of nanostructured sulfur cathodes and metal-free anodes for room-temperature Na–S batteries

• Marina Tabuyo-Martínez,
• Bernd Wicklein and
• Pilar Aranda

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 995–1020, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.75

• consisting of choline chloride and Na2S2O3 [61]. This cathode material retained 900 mAh·g−1 over 100 cycles. A modified precipitation method for S NPs is flash nanoprecipitation using a confined impingement jet mixer, in which Na2S2O3, H2O, HCl, and a stabilizing copolymer (polyvinylpyrrolidone, PVP) form

Silver nanoparticles induce the cardiomyogenic differentiation of bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells via telomere length extension

• Khosro Adibkia,
• Ali Ehsani,
• Asma Jodaei,
• Ezzatollah Fathi,
• Raheleh Farahzadi and
• Mohammad Barzegar-Jalali

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 786–797, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.62

• aggregates [34]. Polymer coatings can be used to prevent the NPs from aggregating. In the present study, polyvinylpyrrolidone-coated Ag-NPs were used. Another important aspect of the behavior of Ag-NPs is the rate and degree of the dissolution of Ag-NPs, which depends on their surface functionalization

• environment with 5% CO2 to grow the cells in a monolayer. The medium was refreshed every three days in each of the experiments. Treatment of BM-MSCs with Ag-NPs Polyvinylpyrrolidone-coated Ag-NPs were purchased from Iranian nanomaterials pioneers (Mashhad City, Khorasan, Iran). The hydrodynamic diameter of

High-yield synthesis of silver nanowires for transparent conducting PET films

• Gul Naz,
• Hafsa Asghar,
• Muhammad Ramzan,
• Muhammad Arshad,
• Rashid Ahmed,
• Muhammad Bilal Tahir,
• Bakhtiar Ul Haq,
• Nadeem Baig and
• Junaid Jalil

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 624–632, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.51

• ]. This method involves the reduction of metallic salts in the presence of a polyol. This synthetic method was first proposed by Figlarz and co-workers for the synthesis of rod-like silver particles. They employed ethylene glycol as polyol to reduce silver salt in the presence of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP

• PET films whose transmittance was calculated to be up to 92.5%. Experimental Materials All required chemical reagents, that is, silver nitrate (AgNO3), ethyl glycol, polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), copper chloride (CuCl2), hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC), polyethylene terephthalate (PET) film, acetone, and

A review on nanostructured silver as a basic ingredient in medicine: physicochemical parameters and characterization

• Gabriel M. Misirli,
• Kishore Sridharan and
• Shirley M. P. Abrantes

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 440–461, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.36

• polyvinylpyrrolidone The polyol synthesis was presented by Fievét et al. (1989) as a versatile synthesis route for various metallic and bimetallic nanoparticles, viz. Ag, Au, Cu, Co, Ni, Pd, Pt, CoNi, and FeNi with the possibility to obtain different shapes and sizes [139][140]. In this process, a suitable solid

Characterization, bio-uptake and toxicity of polymer-coated silver nanoparticles and their interaction with human peripheral blood mononuclear cells

• Sahar Pourhoseini,
• Reilly T. Enos,
• Angela E. Murphy,
• Bo Cai and
• Jamie R. Lead

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 282–294, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.23

• of issues such as poor control of NP properties and lack of proper characterization. The aim of this study was to investigate the combined characterization, bio-uptake, and toxicity of well-characterized polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP)-coated AgNPs in exposure media during exposure time using primary

A review on the green and sustainable synthesis of silver nanoparticles and one-dimensional silver nanostructures

• Sina Kaabipour and
• Shohreh Hemmati

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 102–136, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.9

• the presence of a stabilizer such as polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) or polyvinylalcohol (PVA). The chemical synthesis of nanoparticles is one of the bottom-up techniques due to the fact that particles are formed from collective atoms in a nucleus rather than from the bulk [104]. 2.2.1 Sol–gel process. The

Gram-scale synthesis of splat-shaped Ag–TiO₂ nanocomposites for enhanced antimicrobial properties

• Mohammad Jaber,
• Asim Mushtaq,
• Kebiao Zhang,
• Jindan Wu,
• Dandan Luo,
• Zihan Yi,
• M. Zubair Iqbal and
• Xiangdong Kong

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1119–1125, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.96

• (Ti(SO4)2), 24.0 g of urea (CO(NH2)2) and 2.0 mL of 1.0 g/L polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) were added to a 32 mL glycol solution. The solution volume was adjusted to 100 mL and then AgNO3 was added at different molar ratios of Ag and TiO2 (1:1, 1:2, and 1:4, respectively). The prepared solution was kept

• addition to Ag and TiO2, indicating that the formation of the Ag–TiO2 nanocomposite was comparable to previously reported studies. The synthesis of the TiO2 and Ag–TiO2 nanocomposites using the polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP)-assisted hydrothermal method is illustrated in Scheme 1. In the growth process, the

Applications of superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles in drug and therapeutic delivery, and biotechnological advancements

• Maria Suciu,
• Corina M. Ionescu,
• Alexandra Ciorita,
• Septimiu C. Tripon,
• Dragos Nica,
• Hani Al-Salami and
• Lucian Barbu-Tudoran

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1092–1109, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.94

• occurred [84]. Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP)-coated SPIONs showed an unexpected effect on human breast cancer cells (BT-474) in vitro. At concentrations between 10 and 100 µg/mL, for up to three days, nanoparticles doubled the metabolic activity and the population number of cancer cells. Only at