Lithium niobate on insulator: an emerging nanophotonic crystal for optimized light control

• Midhun Murali,
• Amit Banerjee and
• Tanmoy Basu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1415–1426, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.114

• strong second-order nonlinearity, allowing for frequency conversion via processes such as second-harmonic generation (SHG) and difference-frequency generation (DFG) [11][12]. This enables DBRs to manipulate light in additional ways beyond simple reflection. Additionally, its pronounced electro-optic

• effects, such as second-harmonic generation and four-wave mixing, are highly sensitive to the intensity of the electromagnetic field [1][57][58]. Moreover, mode confinement within the high-index regions of 1D photonic crystals plays a crucial role in the development of all-optical switches. These devices

• mostly consisting of TiO2 and SiO2, and their reported reflectivities. Lithium niobate is well-known for its strong nonlinear-optical and electro-optical properties. A DBR with LN could enhance nonlinear optical effects such as second-harmonic generation or optical parametric oscillation. Both the

Out-of-plane polarization induces a picosecond photoresponse in rhombohedral stacked bilayer WSe₂

• Guixian Liu,
• Yufan Wang,
• Zhoujuan Xu,
• Zhouxiaosong Zeng,
• Lanyu Huang,
• Cuihuan Ge and
• Xiao Wang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1362–1368, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.109

• spontaneous polarization on ultrafast carrier dynamics in rhombohedral stacked bilayer WSe2. Using precise stacking techniques, a 3R WSe2-based vertical heterojunction was successfully constructed and confirmed by polarization-resolved second harmonic generation measurements. Through output characteristics

• inversion symmetry by second harmonic generation (SHG) measurements. The broken symmetry in 3R WSe2 leads to the BPVE. To confirm the BPVE, a vertical heterojunction of graphene-wrapped bilayer 3R WSe2 was fabricated. The non-zero short-circuit current was observed in the output characteristics and the

High–low Kelvin probe force spectroscopy for measuring the interface state density

• Ryo Izumi,
• Masato Miyazaki,
• Yan Jun Li and
• Yasuhiro Sugawara

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 175–189, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.18

• -frequency AC bias voltage, the signal cos 2π(2f0)t, which is a signal of twice the frequency synchronized with the cantilever vibration signal cos 2πf0t, was generated by a PLL circuit with a narrow bandwidth and a doubler (amplitude modulator for second-harmonic generation) (Zurich Instruments: HF2LI-PLL

Revealing local structural properties of an atomically thin MoSe₂ surface using optical microscopy

• Lin Pan,
• Peng Miao,
• Anke Horneber,
• Alfred J. Meixner,
• Pierre-Michel Adam and
• Dai Zhang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 572–581, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.49

• molybdenum diselenide (MoSe2) flake as surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) platform, we demonstrate the dependency of the Raman enhancement on laser beam polarization and local structure using copper phthalocyanine (CuPc) as probe. Second harmonic generation (SHG) and photoluminescence spectroscopy

• effects strongly influence the optical and electronic properties of 2D-TMDC materials. Optical second harmonic generation (SHG) spectroscopy has been recently used to study the presence of mid-gap states in the electronic band structure of WS2 flakes, which are induced by sulfur vacancies [14]. In

Zinc oxide nanostructures for fluorescence and Raman signal enhancement: a review

• Ioana Marica,
• Fran Nekvapil,
• Maria Ștefan,
• Cosmin Farcău and
• Alexandra Falamaș

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 472–490, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.40

• as SEF, SERS [16][17], infrared absorption, and even second harmonic generation [18], which can improve the performance of optical sensors and optoelectronic devices. ZnO alone and in combination with noble metals has been recently used for the development of SERS substrates [15][19] due to several

Optically and electrically driven nanoantennas

• Monika Fleischer,
• Dai Zhang and
• Alfred J. Meixner

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1542–1545, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.136

• , Germany 10.3762/bjnano.11.136 Keywords: active plasmonics; electrically driven nanoantenna; gap antenna; nanoantenna; nanofabrication; nanospectroscopy; nano-photonics; optical antenna; second harmonic generation; sensing; scanning tip; surface-enhanced infrared absorption (SEIRA); surface-enhanced Raman

• -power excitation of nanoantennas, higher order contributions to the particle polarization are no longer negligible, and nonlinear effects become apparent. Due to their inherent symmetry breaking, nanoantennas can act as local sources of second harmonic generation (SHG) with attractive applications in

Nonlinear absorption and scattering of a single plasmonic nanostructure characterized by x-scan technique

• Tushar C. Jagadale,
• Dhanya S. Murali and
• Shi-Wei Chu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2182–2191, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.211

• significantly shows characteristics of saturation and reverse saturation, while the former shows signs of saturation. Before we compare the nonlinear responses of scattering and absorption in more detail, first, we emphasize that the nonlinearity does not arise from second harmonic generation (SHG) or two

Silencing the second harmonic generation from plasmonic nanodimers: A comprehensive discussion

• Jérémy Butet,
• Gabriel D. Bernasconi and
• Olivier J. F. Martin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2674–2683, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.250

• Jeremy Butet Gabriel D. Bernasconi Olivier J. F. Martin Nanophotonics and Metrology Laboratory (NAM), Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland 10.3762/bjnano.9.250 Abstract The silencing of the second harmonic generation process from plasmonic

• equation method. Various geometries are considered, including nanoantennas with cylindrical and rectangular arms as well as nanodimers with surface defects. The existence of the silencing of the second harmonic generation from plasmonic nanogaps is first confirmed, and the problem of the origin of the

• the pump wavelength and results in a dipolar second harmonic emission. Keywords: gold; nanoantennas; nonlinear plasmonics; second harmonic generation; surface integral equation method; Introduction Due to their high density of free electrons, plasmonic nanostructures offer the possibility to

Metal–dielectric hybrid nanoantennas for efficient frequency conversion at the anapole mode

• Valerio F. Gili,
• Lavinia Ghirardini,
• Davide Rocco,
• Giuseppe Marino,
• Ivan Favero,
• Iännis Roland,
• Giovanni Pellegrini,
• Lamberto Duò,
• Marco Finazzi,
• Luca Carletti,
• Andrea Locatelli,
• Aristide Lemaître,
• Dragomir Neshev,
• Costantino De Angelis,
• Giuseppe Leo and
• Michele Celebrano

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2306–2314, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.215

• ; plasmonics; second-harmonic generation; semiconductors; Introduction Second-harmonic generation (SHG) in bulk materials, first demonstrated by Franken and co-workers in 1961 [1], is nowadays successfully applied in a variety of disciplines. Besides its extended application in laser science for the

Angstrom-scale flatness using selective nanoscale etching

• Takashi Yatsui,
• Hiroshi Saito and
• Katsuyuki Nobusada

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2181–2185, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.217

• new properties such as second harmonic generation [4], dipole-forbidden transitions [5], and indirect band transitions [6][7][8]. Because the ONF can achieve dipole-forbidden transitions, we can create selective chemical reactions that occur only where the ONF has been generated. Using this concept

Electric field induced structural colour tuning of a silver/titanium dioxide nanoparticle one-dimensional photonic crystal

• Eduardo Aluicio-Sarduy,
• Simone Callegari,
• Diana Gisell Figueroa del Valle,
• Andrea Desii,
• Ilka Kriegel and
• Francesco Scotognella

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1404–1410, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.131

• Ti:sapphire laser system was employed (150 fs pulse duration, 1 kHz repetition rate, 800 nm excitation wavelength). The pump pulse at 400 nm was achieved via second harmonic generation. The light transmission was probed with broadband supercontinuum generation in sapphire. The signal was collected by a fast

Tunable longitudinal modes in extended silver nanoparticle assemblies

• Serene S. Bayram,
• Klas Lindfors and
• Amy Szuchmacher Blum

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1219–1228, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.113

• anisotropy, as revealed by the simulation data. A stronger spectral anisotropy is achieved by deuterating the ligand due to the formation of highly dense anisotropic silver aggregates, offering a feasible method of preparing competent SHG (second harmonic generation) and SERS-active substrates. Based on

Rigid multipodal platforms for metal surfaces

• Michal Valášek,
• Marcin Lindner and
• Marcel Mayor

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 374–405, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.34

• monolayers with a well-defined bonding configuration on gold substrates. Film formation from solution was investigated in situ by second harmonic generation (SHG) and ellipsometry, which revealed a two-step process (fast adsorption ≈ physisorption, followed by slow film ordering ≈ chemisorption). The SAMs

Linear and nonlinear optical properties of hybrid metallic–dielectric plasmonic nanoantennas

• Mario Hentschel,
• Bernd Metzger,
• Bastian Knabe,
• Karsten Buse and
• Harald Giessen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 111–120, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.13

• nanoscale antenna systems. Our results significantly deepen the understanding of these interesting hybrid systems and offer important guidelines for the design of nanoscale, nonlinear light sources. Keywords: nano-optics; nonlinear optics; plasmonics; second harmonic generation; spectroscopy; Introduction

• electric field strength could lead to efficient nonlinear optics in these systems [21] as the radiated intensities scale nonlinearly with the fundamental driving light field. The first nonlinear optical phenomena in these systems were studied in the beginning of the 1980s. Strong second harmonic generation

• particles at their respective plasmon resonance. It was also shown that rough metallic films led to enhanced second-harmonic generation [25][26] as well as to enhanced Raman scattering [27][28][29][30] and that both phenomena are related to local field hot spots in the metallic films. The nonlinear optical

Localized surface plasmon resonances in nanostructures to enhance nonlinear vibrational spectroscopies: towards an astonishing molecular sensitivity

• Dan Lis and
• Francesca Cecchet

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 2275–2292, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.237

• observed and correspond to the nonlinear wave mixing: SFG, SHG (second harmonic generation) and CARS signals. Interestingly, coupling nano-objects, i.e., tuning the distance between gold nanoparticles until they get in contact [60], shifts the frequency of the LSPR. For an optimal distance, i.e., when LSPR

Purification of ethanol for highly sensitive self-assembly experiments

• Kathrin Barbe,
• Martin Kind,
• Christian Pfeiffer and
• Andreas Terfort

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 1254–1260, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.139

• sensitive for small and larger molecules, in contrast to SPR, second-harmonic generation (SHG) spectroscopy [35] and quartz-crystal microbalance (QCM) experiments [36]. To employ this extremely sensitive technique for the determination of adsorption kinetics, we tested ethanol of several commercial