Optical bio/chemical sensors for vitamin B₁₂ analysis in food and pharmaceuticals: state of the art, challenges, and future outlooks

• Seyed Mohammad Taghi Gharibzahedi and
• Zeynep Altintas

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 2207–2244, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.153

• 5.9–24.8 μg/L and 180–914 ng/L, respectively [116]. Wiesholler et al. developed a self-assembled nanoengineered interface to facilitate direct detection of VB12 in serum through a simple luminescence method. Here, VB12 in serum was the recognition target, thulium (Tm3+)-doped sodium yttrium fluoride

Tm-doped TiO₂ and Tm₂Ti₂O₇ pyrochlore nanoparticles: enhancing the photocatalytic activity of rutile with a pyrochlore phase

• Desiré M. De los Santos,
• Javier Navas,
• Teresa Aguilar,
• Antonio Sánchez-Coronilla,
• Concha Fernández-Lorenzo,
• Rodrigo Alcántara,
• Jose Carlos Piñero,
• Ginesa Blanco and
• Joaquín Martín-Calleja

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 605–616, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.62

• obtained with a predominant rutile phase. The photodegradation of methylene blue showed that this pyrochlore phase enhanced the photocatalytic activity of the rutile phase. Keywords: nanoparticles; photocatalysis; pyrochlore; titanium dioxide; thulium; Introduction TiO2 is one of the most efficient

• , where the amount of reaction water added was controlled. The method is summarized as follows. A stoichiometric amount of thulium chloride (purity 99.9%, Sigma-Aldrich) was dissolved in water (7 mL) to obtain a theoretical Tm/TiO2 doping of 5, 10 and 15 wt %. Then, this solution was added dropwise under