Preparation and evaluation of cyclodextrin polypseudorotaxane with PEGylated liposome as a sustained release drug carrier

• Kayoko Hayashida,
• Taishi Higashi,
• Daichi Kono,
• Keiichi Motoyama,
• Koki Wada and
• Hidetoshi Arima

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2014, 10, 2756–2764, doi:10.3762/bjoc.10.292

• ][15], protein drugs [16][17], and nucleic acids [18][19][20]. We have also developed a number of PPRXs with various drugs or drug carriers and utilized them as controlled release systems. For example, γ-CD formed PPRX with coenzyme Q10, improving the solubility and bioavailability of coenzyme Q10 [21

• structures of γ-CD PPRX with DOX/PEG-LP and its utility as a sustained release drug carrier, further studies are required. Especially, differences in the structures of γ-CD PPRX with DOX/PEG-LP could exert influence on the release rate of DOX/PEG-LP. It may be worthwhile to investigate the controlled release

Anomalous diffusion of Ibuprofen in cyclodextrin nanosponge hydrogels: an HRMAS NMR study

• Monica Ferro,
• Franca Castiglione,
• Carlo Punta,
• Lucio Melone,
• Walter Panzeri,
• Barbara Rossi,
• Francesco Trotta and
• Andrea Mele

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2014, 10, 2715–2723, doi:10.3762/bjoc.10.286

• used to investigate transport phenomena in heterogeneous systems endowed with liquid-like dynamics by applying pulsed field gradient spin echo (PGSE) methodologies under magic-angle spinning conditions [23]. This point is of great interest in the field of controlled release of active pharmaceutical

• achieved by suitable polymer synthesis. This fact opens the possibility of a rational design of drug delivery/controlled release systems by controlling, inter alia, the transport properties of the encapsulated drug. iii) HRMAS NMR turned out to be a direct, efficient and quick method to gain diffusivity

• data on API loaded in complex systems resembling the formulations actually used for drug delivery, targeting or controlled release. Finally, the important issue of how subdiffusive and superdiffusive regime can be related to the structure of the gel should be addressed. In principle, the subdiffusive

Linear-g-hyperbranched and cyclodextrin-based amphiphilic block copolymer as a multifunctional nanocarrier

• Yamei Zhao,
• Wei Tian,
• Guang Yang and
• Xiaodong Fan

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2014, 10, 2696–2703, doi:10.3762/bjoc.10.284

• ; hyperbranched polymer; multifunctionality; polymer nanocarrier; Introduction In recent years, many nanostructured materials (such as polymeric micelles) used as pharmaceutical nanocarriers have been applied in different fields of biomedicine for controlled release, diagnostics, imaging, treatment and

• of targeting, prolonged blood circulation time, etc. Therefore, they have attracted much attention [6][15][16][17][18][19]. However, to develop an efficient DDS constructed from ABC micelles, it is essential to consider some important factors, such as high drug loading and controlled release. Many of

• (Scheme 1D) and simultaneously perform three functionalities including high loading, multiregion encapsulation, and controlled release (Scheme 1E). As prepared ABC, consisting of two hydrophobic poly[2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate] (PHEMA) blocks and one hydrophilic poly(N,N-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate

Synthesis of a resin monomer-soluble polyrotaxane crosslinker containing cleavable end groups

• Ji-Hun Seo,
• Shino Nakagawa,
• Koichiro Hirata and
• Nobuhiko Yui

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2014, 10, 2623–2629, doi:10.3762/bjoc.10.274

• macromolecular assemblies or stimuli-degradable polymer networks [7][8][9]. For this reason, various types of cleavable PRXs have been designed for the development of controlled release systems of specific molecules [10]. A representative example is the application as a protein or gene delivery system. Aminated

Encapsulation of biocides by cyclodextrins: toward synergistic effects against pathogens

• Véronique Nardello-Rataj and
• Loïc Leclercq

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2014, 10, 2603–2622, doi:10.3762/bjoc.10.273

• biocides (e.g., increased aqueous solubility and wettability, reduced vapor pressure, etc.), ii) the controlled release and bioavailability, iii) the shelf-life, iv) the storage conditions and the environmental toxicity, and v) the biocidal property of textiles which is one of the main fields of

• must be selected to maintain an acceptable biocidal activity. Beyond these considerations, many benefits can be obtained by the use of CDs (see below). iii) Controlled release and bioavailability improvement As mentioned above, the formation of inclusion complexes can be useful to enhance the

• , delivery systems based on immobilized CDs provide diffusion- or affinity-controlled release kinetics. In this mechanism, the guest biocide released from one CD may become available to form new complexes with other available CDs during the diffusion through the cross-linking matrix (Scheme 8). The diffusion

Self-assembly of 2,3-dihydroxycholestane steroids into supramolecular organogels as a soft template for the in-situ generation of silicate nanomaterials

• Valeria C. Edelsztein,
• Andrea S. Mac Cormack,
• Matías Ciarlantini and
• Pablo H. Di Chenna

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2013, 9, 1826–1836, doi:10.3762/bjoc.9.213

• of their unique properties and numerous potential applications in fields such as the stabilization of organic photochromatic materials, the templated synthesis of nanostructured and functional materials, the controlled release drugs systems, the capture of spilled pollutants in the environment

Polymeric redox-responsive delivery systems bearing ammonium salts cross-linked via disulfides

• Christian Dollendorf,
• Martin Hetzer and
• Helmut Ritter

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2013, 9, 1652–1662, doi:10.3762/bjoc.9.189

• networks can be used for molecular inclusion and controlled release. As an example, phenolphthalein, methylene blue and reactive orange 16 were included into the network. After treatment with DTT a release of the dye could be recognized. Physical properties of the cross-linked materials, e.g., glass

The conjugation of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID) to small peptides for generating multifunctional supramolecular nanofibers/hydrogels

• Jiayang Li,
• Yi Kuang,
• Junfeng Shi,
• Yuan Gao,
• Jie Zhou and
• Bing Xu

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2013, 9, 908–917, doi:10.3762/bjoc.9.104

• frequently served as scaffolds for tissue engineering and as carriers for drug delivery [1][2][3][4]. In the applications of drug delivery, it is common to use hydrogels made of biodegradable polymers to encapsulate therapeutic agents for controlled release of drugs by adjusting the pore sizes and

A peptidic hydrogel that may behave as a “Trojan Horse”

• Nicola Castellucci,
• Giorgio Sartor,
• Natalia Calonghi,
• Carola Parolin,
• Giuseppe Falini and
• Claudia Tomasini

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2013, 9, 417–424, doi:10.3762/bjoc.9.44

• confocal microscopy, fluorescent hydrogels were prepared, introducing the fluorescent dansyl moiety into the mixture. Keywords: amino acids; confocal microscopy; controlled release; hydrogel; low molecular weight hydrogelator; Introduction Drug delivery is an important topic in the finding of successful

• transition. They have a wide range of applications in biomaterials, biosensors, tissue engineering, and drug delivery [12][13][14][15]. The interest in these materials as tools for the controlled release of drugs is mainly linked to their capability to release gel-entrapped molecules in response to external

• controlled release of drugs into specific cells. Experimental Synthesis and Characterization General: The melting points of the compounds were determined in open capillaries and are uncorrected. High-quality infrared spectra (64 scans) were obtained at 2 cm−1 resolution by using a 1 mm NaCl solution cell and

The β-cyclodextrin/benzene complex and its hydrogen bonds – a theoretical study using molecular dynamics, quantum mechanics and COSMO-RS

• Jutta Erika Helga Köhler and
• Nicole Grczelschak-Mick

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2013, 9, 118–134, doi:10.3762/bjoc.9.15

• chains of proteins [6], to size control of the electrostatic self assembly of nanoparticles [7]. Also a pH-controlled release of many cyclodextrins in long stacks on polymers, such as polyrotaxanes, combined with mesoporous silica particles was observed [8]. Complex formation with solvent molecules can

Cyclodextrin-based nanosponges as drug carriers

• Francesco Trotta,
• Marco Zanetti and
• Roberta Cavalli

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2012, 8, 2091–2099, doi:10.3762/bjoc.8.235

• achieve prolonged release kinetics or a faster release. The nanosponges could be used to improve the aqueous solubility of poorly water-soluble molecules, protect degradable substances, obtain sustained delivery systems or design innovative drug carriers for nanomedicine. Keywords: controlled release

Restructuring polymers via nanoconfinement and subsequent release

• Alan E. Tonelli

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2012, 8, 1318–1332, doi:10.3762/bjoc.8.151

• preferentially degraded by the enzyme. Regulation of their biodegradation behavior, through formation of and coalescence from CD ICs, may enhance the use of block copolymers in drug delivery and controlled release systems, because of its decisive importance in these applications. Coalesced polymer blends

Hyperbranched polyethylenimine bearing cyclodextrin moieties showing temperature and pH controlled dye release

• Indra Böhm,
• Susanne Katharina Kreth and
• Helmut Ritter

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2011, 7, 1130–1134, doi:10.3762/bjoc.7.130

• released separately or simultaneous in response to different external stimuli. Conclusion The controlled release of different dyes from a drug delivery system based on hyperbranched polyethylenimine was investigated. The ionic interactions between the PEI scaffold and the hydroxy moieties of 5,8-dichloro

Differences between β-Ala and Gly-Gly in the design of amino acids-based hydrogels

• Andreea Pasc,
• Firmin Obounou Akong,
• Sedat Cosgun and
• Christine Gérardin

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2010, 6, 973–977, doi:10.3762/bjoc.6.109

• or gene delivery and water pollution control [1][2][3][4][5][6][7]. For some of these applications, i.e., drug controlled-release systems or bioseparation, hydrogels are required to respond to external stimuli such as temperature, pH and ions. They have been traditionally constructed with high

The development and evaluation of a continuous flow process for the lipase- mediated oxidation of alkenes

• Charlotte Wiles,
• Marcus J. Hammond and
• Paul Watts

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2009, 5, No. 27, doi:10.3762/bjoc.5.27

• synthesise the peracid 5 (Scheme 2). The authors found that compared to the use of aq H2O2 (2), the use of UHP (3) enabled controlled release of anhydrous H2O2 (2) and enabled the enzyme to be recycled with no observable effect on conversion over two catalytic cycles. Using this approach, Olivo et al