Separation and identification of indene–C₇₀ bisadduct isomers

• Bolong Zhang,
• Jegadesan Subbiah,
• David J. Jones and
• Wallace W. H. Wong

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2016, 12, 903–911, doi:10.3762/bjoc.12.88

• configuration were deduced using a variety of analytical techniques including 1H and 13C NMR and UV–vis spectroscopy. The electrochemical properties and the organic solar cell device performance were investigated for fractions where a reasonable quantity of sample could be isolated. Keywords: chromatographic

• separation; electron acceptor; fullerene bisadduct; organic solar cell; regioisomers; Introduction Organic solar cells (OSCs) are an emerging renewable energy technology that has achieved remarkable progress over the past two decades. Compared to traditional inorganic semiconductor solar cells, OSCs promise

• derivatives. In recent studies, the solar cell devices achieved power conversion efficiency as high as 7.5% for IC60BA [5] and 7.4% for IC70BA [6]. The IC70BA material used in most reports consisted of a mixture of isomers [7][8][9]. The synthesis of IC70BA involves [2 + 4] Diels–Alder cycloaddition reaction

Polythiophene and oligothiophene systems modified by TTF electroactive units for organic electronics

• Alexander L. Kanibolotsky,
• Neil J. Findlay and
• Peter J. Skabara

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2015, 11, 1749–1766, doi:10.3762/bjoc.11.191

• homogeneous blend morphology leading to improved charge carrier transport and increased Jsc. Since the use of o-DCB as the solvent for spincoating provided better performance for BHJSCs than chloroform, it was used for the fabrication of a single material organic solar cell (SMOSC) (Table 3). The SMOSC

Functionalized branched EDOT-terthiophene copolymer films by electropolymerization and post-polymerization “click”-reactions

• Miriam Goll,
• Adrian Ruff,
• Erna Muks,
• Felix Goerigk,
• Beatrice Omiecienski,
• Ines Ruff,
• Rafael C. González-Cano,
• Juan T. Lopez Navarrete,
• M. Carmen Ruiz Delgado and
• Sabine Ludwigs

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2015, 11, 335–347, doi:10.3762/bjoc.11.39

• precursor monomers which give access to post-polymerization reactions. Ionic groups on conjugated polymers – so-called conjugated polyelectrolytes [25] – are discussed in the context of solubility tuning [26], sensor applications [27], improvement of solar cell performance by usage as hole injection layers

Photovoltaic-driven organic electrosynthesis and efforts toward more sustainable oxidation reactions

• Bichlien H. Nguyen,
• Robert J. Perkins,
• Jake A. Smith and
• Kevin D. Moeller

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2015, 11, 280–287, doi:10.3762/bjoc.11.32

• electrochemical setup. The same electrochemical solar cell developed for the direct oxidation experiments could be utilized to conduct indirect electrolysis. In the second oxidation illustrated, 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-1-oxyl (TEMPO) was recycled at the anode [20]. The bulky oxidant was used to selectively

Solution processable diketopyrrolopyrrole (DPP) cored small molecules with BODIPY end groups as novel donors for organic solar cells

• Diego Cortizo-Lacalle,
• Calvyn T. Howells,
• Upendra K. Pandey,
• Joseph Cameron,
• Neil J. Findlay,
• Anto Regis Inigo,
• Tell Tuttle,
• Peter J. Skabara and
• Ifor D. W. Samuel

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2014, 10, 2683–2695, doi:10.3762/bjoc.10.283

• in the region where 9 and 10 have poor absorption (300–500 nm). Absorption is an important process in the function of an organic solar cell but, as previously discussed, it is not the sole process in the operation of an organic solar cell. The dissociation of the coulombically bound electron–hole

Novel indolin-2-one-substituted methanofullerenes bearing long n-alkyl chains: synthesis and application in bulk-heterojunction solar cells

• Irina P. Romanova,
• Andrei V. Bogdanov,
• Inessa A. Izdelieva,
• Vasily A. Trukhanov,
• Gulnara R. Shaikhutdinova,
• Dmitry G. Yakhvarov,
• Shamil K. Latypov,
• Vladimir F. Mironov,
• Vladimir A. Dyakov,
• Ilya V. Golovnin,
• Dmitry Yu. Paraschuk and
• Oleg G. Sinyashin

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2014, 10, 1121–1128, doi:10.3762/bjoc.10.111

• methanofullerenes (AIMs) is described. Optical absorption, electrochemical properties and solubility of AIMs were studied. Poly(3-hexylthiophene-2,5-diyl) (P3HT)/AIMs solar cells were fabricated and the effect of the AIM alkyl chain length and the P3HT:AIM ratio on the solar cell performance was studied. The power

• -density–voltage (J–V) characteristics of the P3HT/AIM 5–9 devices for the polymer/fullerene weight ratio 1:1. This ratio is usually considered to be close to the optimal one for various polymer/fullerene solar cells. The data for the P3HT/PCBM reference solar cell are also shown for comparison. The

• , the typical Voc was in the range 0.5–0.6 V and was close to that of the reference P3HT/PCBM solar cell (Voc = 0.59 V). The FF was higher than 50% for the best devices with the maximum value 57% (Table 2) that was somewhat lower than that of the reference P3HT/PCBM solar cell (FF = 62%). For the low

Cyclic phosphonium ionic liquids

• Sharon I. Lall-Ramnarine,
• Joshua A. Mukhlall,
• James F. Wishart,
• Robert R. Engel,
• Alicia R. Romeo,
• Masao Gohdo,
• Sharon Ramati,
• Marc Berman and
• Sophia N. Suarez

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2014, 10, 271–275, doi:10.3762/bjoc.10.22

• would be exposed to extreme conditions, such as environmental exposure to high temperatures or exposure to extreme electromagnetic radiation (as in a dye-sensitized solar cell or ionizing radiation as in the recycling of spent nuclear fuel). ILs can play important roles in both of these latter areas [16

Controlled synthesis of poly(3-hexylthiophene) in continuous flow

• Helga Seyler,
• Jegadesan Subbiah,
• David J. Jones,
• Andrew B. Holmes and
• Wallace W. H. Wong

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2013, 9, 1492–1500, doi:10.3762/bjoc.9.170

• of the molecular weight was demonstrated for the first time in flow for conjugated polymers by accurate addition of catalyst to the monomer solution. The P3HT samples synthesized in flow showed comparable performance to commercial P3HT samples in bulk heterojunction solar cell devices. Keywords

• : conjugated polymers; continuous-flow synthesis; controlled polymerization; flow chemistry; organic solar cell materials; Introduction Poly(3-hexylthiophene), P3HT, is the most investigated material in bulk heterojunction (BHJ) organic solar cells (OSC) [1]. The reasons for its dominance in the field include

• from chlorobenzene solution. Device fabrication and characterizations were performed in air (see Supporting Information File 1 for details). The current-density–voltage (J–V) curves for the solar-cell devices prepared from various P3HT samples are shown in Figure 5b. The device performance parameters

Enhancement of efficiency in organic photovoltaic devices containing self-complementary hydrogen-bonding domains

• Rohan J. Kumar,
• Jegadesan Subbiah and
• Andrew B. Holmes

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2013, 9, 1102–1110, doi:10.3762/bjoc.9.122

• Victorian State Government (DBI-VSA and DPI-ETIS) for generous financial support of the Victorian Organic Solar Cell Consortium. We thank Dr R. A. Evans, M. Gao and Mr A. Gupta (CSIRO) for their interest in this work.

Imidazole as a parent π-conjugated backbone in charge-transfer chromophores

• Jiří Kulhánek and
• Filip Bureš

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2012, 8, 25–49, doi:10.3762/bjoc.8.4

• ]. As a materials researcher, Sellinger applied these n-type conjugated materials as small-molecule electron acceptors. The combination of V-BT (114) with polyhexylthiophene donor (P3HT) in an initial organic solar cell showed high external quantum efficiencies exceeding 14%. Sellinger’s further efforts

Self-assembly and semiconductivity of an oligothiophene supergelator

• Pampa Pratihar,
• Suhrit Ghosh,
• Vladimir Stepanenko,
• Sameer Patwardhan,
• Ferdinand C. Grozema,
• Laurens D. A. Siebbeles and
• Frank Würthner

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2010, 6, 1070–1078, doi:10.3762/bjoc.6.122

• concentration of 5 x 10−5 M. Studies on blends of T1 with PCBM The fullerene derivative [6,6]-phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM) is a well-known n-type semiconductor and its blends with various electron-donor materials have been extensively used in solar cell devices [24]. The morphology of the blend

Conjugated polymers containing diketopyrrolopyrrole units in the main chain

• Bernd Tieke,
• A. Raman Rabindranath,
• Kai Zhang and
• Yu Zhu

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2010, 6, 830–845, doi:10.3762/bjoc.6.92

• ; photoluminescence; solar cell; Introduction A useful strategy in the design of new polymers for electronic applications is to incorporate chromophores which are highly absorbing and emitting in the visible and near infrared region into π-conjugated polymers chains. Potentially useful chromophores for electronic

New diarylmethanofullerene derivatives and their properties for organic thin- film solar cells

• Daisuke Sukeguchi,
• Surya Prakash Singh,
• Mamidi Ramesh Reddy,
• Hideyuki Yoshiyama,
• Rakesh A. Afre,
• Yasuhiko Hayashi,
• Hiroki Inukai,
• Tetsuo Soga,
• Shuichi Nakamura,
• Norio Shibata and
• Takeshi Toru

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2009, 5, No. 7, doi:10.3762/bjoc.5.7

• LUMO energy level which leads to an increase of the open-circuit voltage (Voc) values of the solar cell. These diarylmethanofullerenes have long alkyl chain(s) to increase the solubility and hopefully to cause the interaction with the donor P3HT polymer, being related to the morphology of the

• P3HT:PCBM was also fabricated for a comparative study and characterized as in the case of the P3HT:diarylmethanofullerene derivatives device. Diarylmethanofullerene derivatives. Device layout of the solar cell. (A) J–V characteristics of the P3HT:1a-blended device annealed at 100–140 °C (black: 100 °C, red