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Search for "formic acid" in Full Text gives 164 result(s) in Beilstein Journal of Organic Chemistry.

Chemical constituents of Chaenomeles sinensis twigs and their biological activity

  • Joon Min Cha,
  • Dong Hyun Kim,
  • Lalita Subedi,
  • Zahra Khan,
  • Sang Un Choi,
  • Sun Yeou Kim and
  • Chung Sub Kim

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2020, 16, 3078–3085, doi:10.3762/bjoc.16.257

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  • was subjected without purification to LC–MS analysis (0.7 mL/min; 25% aqueous CH3CN with 0.1% formic acid for 30 min). The authentic samples of ᴅ-glucopyranose and ʟ-glucopyranose were derivatized and analyzed by the same method as described above. The hydrolysate derivative of compound 1 was detected
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Published 17 Dec 2020

Semiautomated glycoproteomics data analysis workflow for maximized glycopeptide identification and reliable quantification

  • Steffen Lippold,
  • Arnoud H. de Ru,
  • Jan Nouta,
  • Peter A. van Veelen,
  • Magnus Palmblad,
  • Manfred Wuhrer and
  • Noortje de Haan

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2020, 16, 3038–3051, doi:10.3762/bjoc.16.253

Graphical Abstract
  • File 2) but may occur at the peptide portion as well [24][25][26]. Formylation is likely introduced by the exposure of the tryptic peptides to formic acid during the acid precipitation of sodium deoxycholate in the final step of the sample preparation and during subsequent storage [24]. Within the
  • agitation, the beads were washed three times with PBS and three times with water. The immunoglobulins were released by acid elution (100 mM formic acid) and collected into a 96-well PCR plate (Greiner Bio-One, Kremsmünster, Austria). Finally, the eluates were dried for 2.5 h at 60 °C by centrifugation under
  • to room temperature. Tryptic digestion was started by the addition of 50 µL digestion buffer containing 50 mM ammonium bicarbonate pH 8.5 and 200 ng sequencing-grade trypsin. Upon mixing for 5 min, the sample was incubated at 37 °C overnight. Acid precipitation using 1.2 µL formic acid was performed
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Published 11 Dec 2020

Clustering and curation of electropherograms: an efficient method for analyzing large cohorts of capillary electrophoresis glycomic profiles for bioprocessing operations

  • Ian Walsh,
  • Matthew S. F. Choo,
  • Sim Lyn Chiin,
  • Amelia Mak,
  • Shi Jie Tay,
  • Pauline M. Rudd,
  • Yang Yuansheng,
  • Andre Choo,
  • Ho Ying Swan and
  • Terry Nguyen-Khuong

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2020, 16, 2087–2099, doi:10.3762/bjoc.16.176

Graphical Abstract
  • of the RFMS-labelled glycans was performed using a 96-well GlycoWorks HILIC μElution Plate (Waters Corp). The plate was initially equilibrated with sequential washes with dH2O and 85% ACN. The samples were loaded onto the wells and washed with 90% ACN/1% formic acid (FA). The glycans were eluted with
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Published 27 Aug 2020

Syntheses of spliceostatins and thailanstatins: a review

  • William A. Donaldson

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2020, 16, 1991–2006, doi:10.3762/bjoc.16.166

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  • -butyl esters with formic acid gave the carboxylic acid 9, 7, or 5. Additionally, the treatment of the thailanstatin A tert-butyl ester with lithium chloride generated the thailanstatin B tert-butyl ester. Ghosh used a similar cross-metathesis/Suzuki–Miyaura coupling sequence for the preparation of
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Published 13 Aug 2020

One-pot synthesis of isosorbide from cellulose or lignocellulosic biomass: a challenge?

  • Isaline Bonnin,
  • Raphaël Mereau,
  • Thierry Tassaing and
  • Karine De Oliveira Vigier

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2020, 16, 1713–1721, doi:10.3762/bjoc.16.143

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  • 1.5 h in an ethanol/water (50:50) mixture at 210 °C, and ii) CIMV (Compagnie Industrielle de la Matière Végétale) technology, where wheat straw was treated during 3.5 h of acetic acid/formic acid/water (50:30:15 m/m/m) extraction at 105 °C and then in the presence of H2O2 and organic acids (peracetic
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Published 16 Jul 2020

A dynamic combinatorial library for biomimetic recognition of dipeptides in water

  • Florian Klepel and
  • Bart Jan Ravoo

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2020, 16, 1588–1595, doi:10.3762/bjoc.16.131

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  • stirring overnight (100 rpm), the samples were acidified with a 5% solution of formic acid in water. The samples were diluted 1:10 with water and measured with HPLC–MS setup I. HPLC–MS measurements The HPLC setup was based on a Shimadzu system and consisted of a CBM-20A controller, a SIL-HTA auto sampler
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Published 02 Jul 2020

Synthesis of 3-substituted isoxazolidin-4-ols using hydroboration–oxidation reactions of 4,5-unsubstituted 2,3-dihydroisoxazoles

  • Lívia Dikošová,
  • Júlia Laceková,
  • Ondrej Záborský and
  • Róbert Fischer

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2020, 16, 1313–1319, doi:10.3762/bjoc.16.112

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  • (Scheme 4). According to the literature, the N-debenzylation by a Pd-catalyzed hydrogenolysis in methanol with formic acid as the hydrogen source [37][38] should allow the access to N-deprotected isoxazolidines. Unfortunately, all attempts to remove the benzyl group directly from the model isoxazolidine
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Published 16 Jun 2020

Design and synthesis of diazine-based panobinostat analogues for HDAC8 inhibition

  • Sivaraman Balasubramaniam,
  • Sajith Vijayan,
  • Liam V. Goldman,
  • Xavier A. May,
  • Kyra Dodson,
  • Sweta Adhikari,
  • Fatima Rivas,
  • Davita L. Watkins and
  • Shana V. Stoddard

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2020, 16, 628–637, doi:10.3762/bjoc.16.59

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  • an ESI–TOF mass spectrometer (Agilent 6220 Time-of-Flight), gas temperature – 350 °C, drying gas (N2) – 8.0 L/min, mobile phase(s): methanol with 0.1% formic acid, flow rate: 0.2 mL/min, sample preparation: The sample was dissolved in 1 drop of chloroform and diluted with 1 mL methanol. Additional
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Published 07 Apr 2020

A systematic review on silica-, carbon-, and magnetic materials-supported copper species as efficient heterogeneous nanocatalysts in “click” reactions

  • Pezhman Shiri and
  • Jasem Aboonajmi

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2020, 16, 551–586, doi:10.3762/bjoc.16.52

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  • dispersed in triethylorthoformate and some drops of formic acid were added. The mixture was heated at reflux for 20 h to receive the new functionalized nanoparticles 103. The nanoparticles 103 were dispersed in 1,6-diisopropylaniline (104) by ultrasonication. The mixture was heated at 120 °C for about 20 h
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Published 01 Apr 2020

Architecture and synthesis of P,N-heterocyclic phosphine ligands

  • Wisdom A. Munzeiwa,
  • Bernard Omondi and
  • Vincent O. Nyamori

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2020, 16, 362–383, doi:10.3762/bjoc.16.35

Graphical Abstract
  • treated with triflic anhydride to afford the corresponding triflate 55. Microwave-assisted reduction of compound 55 with pyridinium chloride afforded the α-chloropyridine derivative 56, which was further catalytically dehalogenated with palladium on carbon and formic acid to generate the pyridine scaffold
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Published 12 Mar 2020

Palladium-catalyzed Sonogashira coupling reactions in γ-valerolactone-based ionic liquids

  • László Orha,
  • József M. Tukacs,
  • László Kollár and
  • László T. Mika

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2019, 15, 2907–2913, doi:10.3762/bjoc.15.284

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  • mixture containing 0.1% (v/v) formic acid. Solutions were directly introduced into the ion source using a syringe pump. Under the applied conditions, the compounds form protonated molecules, [M + H]+ in positive ionization mode (ESI). Detailed experimental procedures, characterization data are reported in
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Published 03 Dec 2019

Skeletocutins M–Q: biologically active compounds from the fruiting bodies of the basidiomycete Skeletocutis sp. collected in Africa

  • Tian Cheng,
  • Clara Chepkirui,
  • Cony Decock,
  • Josphat C. Matasyoh and
  • Marc Stadler

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2019, 15, 2782–2789, doi:10.3762/bjoc.15.270

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  • , solvent A: H2O + 0.1% formic acid, solvent B: acetonitrile + 0.1% formic acid, elution gradient: 5% solvent B for 0.5 min, increasing solvent B to 100% within 19.5 min, 100% solvent B for 5 min, flow rate: 0.6 mL/min, UV–vis detection at λ = 200–600 nm) and ESI–TOF–MS analysis (maXis™ system, Bruker, scan
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Published 19 Nov 2019

Bipolenins K–N: New sesquiterpenoids from the fungal plant pathogen Bipolaris sorokiniana

  • Chin-Soon Phan,
  • Hang Li,
  • Simon Kessler,
  • Peter S. Solomon,
  • Andrew M. Piggott and
  • Yit-Heng Chooi

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2019, 15, 2020–2028, doi:10.3762/bjoc.15.198

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  • 200–800 nm, gradient: 0–10 min 5–95% MeCN with 0.1% formic acid, 10–15 min 95% MeCN with 0.1% formic acid) eluted 1 (tR 5.10 min), 2 (tR 4.79 min), 3 (tR 5.28 min), 4 (tR 5.96 min), 5 (tR 7.64 min), 6 (tR 6.00 min), 7 (tR 6.45 min), 8 (tR 4.85 min), 9 (tR 5.69 min), 10 (tR 6.37 min), 11 (tR 6.48 min
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Published 26 Aug 2019

Isolation and characterisation of irinans, androstane-type withanolides from Physalis peruviana L.

  • Annika Stein,
  • Dave Compera,
  • Bianka Karge,
  • Mark Brönstrup and
  • Jakob Franke

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2019, 15, 2003–2012, doi:10.3762/bjoc.15.196

Graphical Abstract
  • , Waters 2424 ELS detector, and a Waters SQ Detector 2 for mass spectrometry in ESI+ and ESI– modes between m/z 150 and 1000. In analytical mode, a Phenomenex Kinetex column (2.6 µm, C18, 100 Å, 4.6 × 100 mm) was used with a gradient of [solvent A: H2O + 0.05% formic acid; solvent B: acetonitrile + 0.045
  • % formic acid; gradient: 10% to 90% B over 10 min, 1 mL/min]. Samples were dissolved to a concentration of 10 mg/mL in MeOH and 20 µL injected. In preparative mode, a Phenomenex Kinetex Axia column (5 µm, C18, 100 Å, 21.2 × 250 mm) equipped with a Phenomenex Security Guard precolumn (Luna, C5, 300 Å) was
  • separated by preparative LC–MS. The sample was dissolved in MeOH to a concentration of 15 mg/mL. 100 µL was injected per run. A separation gradient was used [solvent A: H2O + 0.05% formic acid; solvent B: acetonitrile + 0.045% formic acid; gradient: 10% to 90% B over 10 min, 20 mL/min]. The post-column flow
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Published 23 Aug 2019

Attempted synthesis of a meta-metalated calix[4]arene

  • Christopher D. Jurisch and
  • Gareth E. Arnott

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2019, 15, 1996–2002, doi:10.3762/bjoc.15.195

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  • , this was likely the result of the molecular ion losing the ruthenium and subsequently protonated in the mass spectrometer; this triazolium signal was also not seen in our model study. A final peak at 1030.4333 Da was assigned as [M – Cl + formic acid]+ (formic acid was present in the injection media
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Published 22 Aug 2019

Stereo- and regioselective hydroboration of 1-exo-methylene pyranoses: discovery of aryltriazolylmethyl C-galactopyranosides as selective galectin-1 inhibitors

  • Alexander Dahlqvist,
  • Axel Furevi,
  • Niklas Warlin,
  • Hakon Leffler and
  • Ulf J. Nilsson

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2019, 15, 1046–1060, doi:10.3762/bjoc.15.102

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  • through NOESY using pyridine-d5 as a shift reagent solvent. All final compounds were purified using preparative HPLC on an Agilent 1260 Infinity system with a SymmetryPrep C18 5 µM 19 × 100 mm column using a gradient (water with 0.1% formic acid and acetonitrile); 0–20 min 10–100% acetonitrile, 20–23 min
  • using a gradient with water (0.1% formic acid) and acetonitrile using a flow rate of 0.50 mL/min and a column temperature 60 °C. Gradient parameters: 0–0.7 min: 40% acetonitrile, 0.7–10.0 min: 40–99% acetonitrile, 10.0–11.0 min 99% acetonitrile, 11.0–11.1 min 99–40% acetonitrile, 11.1–13 min 40
  • % formic acid to 100% acetonitrile over 20 min, followed by 3 min of 100% acetonitrile) to give 1a (14 mg, 71%) as a white powder. [α]D20 24 (c 0.6, methanol); 1H NMR (400 MHz, CD3OD) δ 8.42 (s, 1H), 7.86–7.81 (m, 2H), 7.48–7.42 (m, 2H), 7.38–7.33 (m, 1H), 4.98–4.95 (m, 1H), 4.57 (dd, J = 14.4 Hz, 7.5 Hz
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Published 07 May 2019

New terpenoids from the fermentation broth of the edible mushroom Cyclocybe aegerita

  • Frank Surup,
  • Florian Hennicke,
  • Nadine Sella,
  • Maria Stroot,
  • Steffen Bernecker,
  • Sebastian Pfütze,
  • Marc Stadler and
  • Martin Rühl

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2019, 15, 1000–1007, doi:10.3762/bjoc.15.98

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  • spectrometer (Bruker Daltonik), both combined with an Agilent 1200 series HPLC-UV system [column 2.1 × 50 mm, 1.7 μm, C18 Acuity UPLC BEH (Waters), solvent A: H2O + 0.1% formic acid; solvent B: ACN + 0.1% formic acid, gradient: 5% B for 0.5 min increasing to 100% B in 19.5 min, maintaining 100% B for 5 min
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Published 30 Apr 2019

Fabrication, characterization and adsorption properties of cucurbit[7]uril-functionalized polycaprolactone electrospun nanofibrous membranes

  • Changzhong Chen,
  • Fengbo Liu,
  • Xiongzhi Zhang,
  • Zhiyong Zhao and
  • Simin Liu

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2019, 15, 992–999, doi:10.3762/bjoc.15.97

Graphical Abstract
  • combinations were used to prepare PCL electrospinning solutions. In this work, a formic acid solution of CB[n] and a DMF solution of PCL were mixed as the electrospinning solution for PCL/CB[n] nanofibers. These solvents have been selected due to the fact that CB[n] is soluble in formic acid and DMF is a good
  • solvent for PCL. Turbidity/precipitation was observed when the volume ratio of the formic acid solution of CB[n] in the mixed solution was higher than 20% due to the poor solubility of PCL in formic acid solution. In order to keep the CB[n] content in the mixed solution as large as possible, the ratio of
  • formic acid/DMF was fixed to 20:80 (v/v). Initially, a series of bead-free PCL/CB[n] (n = 5, 6, 7, 8) nanofibers with different CB[n] loading percentages were fabricated by electrospinning (Scheme 1). The experimental results showed that the solubility of CB[5], CB[6] and CB[8] in formic acid was
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Published 29 Apr 2019

Hoveyda–Grubbs catalysts with an N→Ru coordinate bond in a six-membered ring. Synthesis of stable, industrially scalable, highly efficient ruthenium metathesis catalysts and 2-vinylbenzylamine ligands as their precursors

  • Kirill B. Polyanskii,
  • Kseniia A. Alekseeva,
  • Pavel V. Raspertov,
  • Pavel A. Kumandin,
  • Eugeniya V. Nikitina,
  • Atash V. Gurbanov and
  • Fedor I. Zubkov

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2019, 15, 769–779, doi:10.3762/bjoc.15.73

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  • isoquinolines (Scheme 1) involved the following steps: alkylation of isoquinolines to afford isoquinolinium salts 1, its reduction with formic acid giving rise to tetrahydroisoquinolines 2 in a nearly quantitative yield, which upon alkylation gave quaternary salts 3, finally these salts underwent the Hofmann
  • styrenes 5 with a cyclic tertiary amino group from 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline (Scheme 2). In this case, the initial isoquinoline was reduced in the presence of formic acid and then converted into the desired products 5 by a one-pot solvent-free reaction under the action of the corresponding dihalide in
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Published 22 Mar 2019

The LANCA three-component reaction to highly substituted β-ketoenamides – versatile intermediates for the synthesis of functionalized pyridine, pyrimidine, oxazole and quinoxaline derivatives

  • Tilman Lechel,
  • Roopender Kumar,
  • Mrinal K. Bera,
  • Reinhold Zimmer and
  • Hans-Ulrich Reissig

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2019, 15, 655–678, doi:10.3762/bjoc.15.61

Graphical Abstract
  • property of the latter. As a substitute, cyano trimethylsilane was examined, however, this experiment did not afford the corresponding β-ketoenamide. Unexpectedly, using formic acid as the third component afforded only mixtures of compounds whose structures could not be elucidated. The role of formic acid
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Published 13 Mar 2019

Cyclopropene derivatives of aminosugars for metabolic glycoengineering

  • Jessica Hassenrück and
  • Valentin Wittmann

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2019, 15, 584–601, doi:10.3762/bjoc.15.54

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  • following conditions. Column: EC125/4 Nucleodur C18 from Macherey-Nagel, flow: 0.4 mL min−1; mobile phase: gradient of acetonitrile with 0.1% formic acid (solvent B) in water with 0.1% formic acid (solvent A). Semi-preparative HPLC was performed on a LC20A Prominence system (high-pressure pumps LC-20AT
  • acid (solvent B) in water with 0.1% formic acid (solvent A). UV–vis absorption for kinetic measurements was measured with a Cary 50 instrument from Varian and Cary WinUV scanning kinetics software. High-resolution mass spectra (HRMS) were recorded on a micrOTOF II instrument from Bruker in positive and
  • , auto sampler SIL-20A, column oven CTO-20AC, diode array detector SPDM20A, controller CBM-20A, software LC-solution) from Shimadzu under the following conditions. Column: Nucleodur 100-5 C18ec from Macherey Nagel (21.1 × 250 mm), flow: 9 mL min−1, mobile phase: gradient of acetonitrile with 0.1% formic
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Published 04 Mar 2019
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  • intermediate IV. Finally, this intermediate is split by a nucleophilic attack of hydroxyl radicals to afford byproducts (including acetic acid, acetanilide, and formic acid) and desired product. The proposed mechanism was confirmed by EPR spectrum. The SSA catalyst is an inexpensive and reusable solid acid
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Published 01 Nov 2018

Synthesis of cis-hydrindan-2,4-diones bearing an all-carbon quaternary center by a Danheiser annulation

  • Gisela V. Saborit,
  • Carlos Cativiela,
  • Ana I. Jiménez,
  • Josep Bonjoch and
  • Ben Bradshaw

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2018, 14, 2597–2601, doi:10.3762/bjoc.14.237

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  • corresponding carbonyl group (Scheme 4) was carried out by a two-step procedure involving epoxidation of the vinylsilane 5, followed by a rearrangement of the diastereomeric mixture of epoxides 7 induced by formic acid [34][35]. The resulting ketone 8 was obtained as a 3.5:1 mixture of epimers at C3. The
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Published 09 Oct 2018

Synthesis of dihydroquinazolines from 2-aminobenzylamine: N3-aryl derivatives with electron-withdrawing groups

  • Nadia Gruber,
  • Jimena E. Díaz and
  • Liliana R. Orelli

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2018, 14, 2510–2519, doi:10.3762/bjoc.14.227

Graphical Abstract
  • condensation position [48][49][50]. An exception to this is the recently reported synthesis of 3-(m-nitrophenyl)-5-nitro-3,4-dihydroquinazoline from m-nitroaniline and 1,3-dioxolane in the presence of strong protic acids [51]. In a related methodology, the ring closure of N-aryl-2-ABA is promoted by formic
  • acid or other sources of C2 like ethyl orthoformate [52], diarylformamidines [53] or 1,1-dimethoxy-N,N-dimethylmethanamine [17]. Using an alternative approach, the corresponding 2-ABA was treated with acetic anhydride in concentrated sulfuric acid affording 2-methyl-6-nitro-3-(p-nitrophenyl)-3,4-DHQ
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Published 26 Sep 2018

Synthesis of indolo[1,2-c]quinazolines from 2-alkynylaniline derivatives through Pd-catalyzed indole formation/cyclization with N,N-dimethylformamide dimethyl acetal

  • Antonio Arcadi,
  • Sandro Cacchi,
  • Giancarlo Fabrizi,
  • Francesca Ghirga,
  • Antonella Goggiamani,
  • Antonia Iazzetti and
  • Fabio Marinelli

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2018, 14, 2411–2417, doi:10.3762/bjoc.14.218

Graphical Abstract
  • formic acid [15][16], or reactions of 2-(2-bromoaryl)-1H-indoles with aldehydes and aqueous ammonia [17] or with amino acids [18]. An alternative approach to indoloquinazolines is represented by sequential procedures that use 2-alkynylaniline derivatives as starting materials, via their conversion to 2
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Published 14 Sep 2018
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