Recent advances in phosphorescent platinum complexes for organic light-emitting diodes

• Cristina Cebrián and
• Matteo Mauro

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2018, 14, 1459–1481, doi:10.3762/bjoc.14.124

• phosphorescent organic light-emitting diodes (PhOLEDs) and light-emitting electrochemical cells (LEECs). This interest is driven by the fact that luminescent TMCs with long-lived excited state lifetimes are able to efficiently harvest both singlet and triplet electro-generated excitons, thus opening the

Electrochemically modified Corey–Fuchs reaction for the synthesis of arylalkynes. The case of 2-(2,2-dibromovinyl)naphthalene

• Fabiana Pandolfi,
• Isabella Chiarotto and
• Marta Feroci

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2018, 14, 891–899, doi:10.3762/bjoc.14.76

• (1b, Scheme 8). In fact, the corresponding alkyne 2b is an important intermediate in the synthesis of molecules for organic electronics (e.g., organic light-emitting diodes [33] and organic field-effect transistors [34]). The voltammetric analysis showed a behavior similar to that of 1a (see

Two novel blue phosphorescent host materials containing phenothiazine-5,5-dioxide structure derivatives

• Feng-Ming Xie,
• Qingdong Ou,
• Qiang Zhang,
• Jiang-Kun Zhang,
• Guo-Liang Dai,
• Xin Zhao and
• Huai-Xin Wei

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2018, 14, 869–874, doi:10.3762/bjoc.14.73

• simultaneously harvest both the singlet and triplet (75%) excitons through spin-orbit coupling (SOC), and obtain nearly 100% of the internal quantum efficiency (IQE). Thus, most of researchers have focused on phosphorescent organic light-emitting diodes (PhOLEDs) all over the world [7][8]. With the deepening of

• light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) with ultra-thin film by using vacuum evaporation technology. It has attracted much attention to develop it. In recent years, OLEDs have been rapidly developed and widely used in lighting and display because of many unique performance advantages such as wide viewing angle

• as suitable HOMO and LUMO energy levels. This preferable performance suggests that CEPDO and CBPDO are alternative bipolar host materials for the PhOLEDs. Keywords: host materials; phenothiazine; phosphorescence; synthesis; Introduction Since 1987, the Tang group [1] firstly reported double organic

D–A–D-type orange-light emitting thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) materials based on a fluorenone unit: simulation, photoluminescence and electroluminescence studies

• Lin Gan,
• Xianglong Li,
• Xinyi Cai,
• Kunkun Liu,
• Wei Li and
• Shi-Jian Su

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2018, 14, 672–681, doi:10.3762/bjoc.14.55

• . China 10.3762/bjoc.14.55 Abstract The design of orange-light emitting, thermally activated, delayed fluorescence (TADF) materials is necessary and important for the development and application of organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs). Herein, two donor–acceptor–donor (D–A–D)-type orange TADF materials

• -emitting diode (OLED); thermally activated delayed fluorescence; Introduction Since multilayered OLEDs were first reported by Tang in 1987 [1], organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) have been a research focus due to their applications in display devices and general lighting. The efficiency of OLEDs was

Enhanced quantum yields by sterically demanding aryl-substituted β-diketonate ancillary ligands

• Rebecca Pittkowski and
• Thomas Strassner

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2018, 14, 664–671, doi:10.3762/bjoc.14.54

• ) complex; quantum yield; Introduction Highly luminescent platinum(II) complexes have successfully been applied for lighting applications such as organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs) [1][2][3][4][5][6]. Although OLEDs are already widely used, the development of stable and efficient blue devices remains

Diels–Alder cycloadditions of N-arylpyrroles via aryne intermediates using diaryliodonium salts

• Huangguan Chen,
• Jianwei Han and
• Limin Wang

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2018, 14, 354–363, doi:10.3762/bjoc.14.23

• °C resulted in N-phenylnaphthalen-1-ylamine (4) in 93% yield [23], which was widely used in dye-sensitized solar cells [24], hole transport materials [25][26] and organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs, Scheme 2a) [27]. In another similar reaction with 3am, a novel N-phenylamine derivative 5 was

Recent advances on organic blue thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) emitters for organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs)

• Thanh-Tuân Bui,
• Fabrice Goubard,
• Malika Ibrahim-Ouali,
• Didier Gigmes and
• Frédéric Dumur

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2018, 14, 282–308, doi:10.3762/bjoc.14.18

• , iSm2, Marseille, France Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, Institut de Chimie Radicalaire ICR, UMR 7273, F-13397 Marseille, France 10.3762/bjoc.14.18 Abstract The design of highly emissive and stable blue emitters for organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs) is still a challenge, justifying the intense research

• 1987 [1], organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs) have known major evolutions of their structures, not only of the device stacking but also of the materials composing the different layers [2]. The interest of both the scientific and industrial communities for organic electroluminescent devices is

Structure–property relationships and third-order nonlinearities in diketopyrrolopyrrole based D–π–A–π–D molecules

• Jan Podlesný,
• Lenka Dokládalová,
• Oldřich Pytela,
• Adam Urbanec,
• Milan Klikar,
• Numan Almonasy,
• Tomáš Mikysek,
• Jaroslav Jedryka,
• Iwan V. Kityk and
• Filip Bureš

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2017, 13, 2374–2384, doi:10.3762/bjoc.13.235

• pigments [2], DPPs have significantly infiltrated organic electronics as functional dyes. The number of recently appeared review articles [3][4][5][6][7][8] clearly demonstrates their wide application potential, which spans organic solar cells (OSC), organic field-effect transistors (OFET), organic light

• -emitting diodes (OLED), fluorophores, probes for ion sensing, functional polymers, and more recently also chromophores with nonlinear optical (NLO) activity. The latter property is mostly dictated by their conjugated character, electron-accepting behavior of the DPP scaffold, strong emissive character, and

One-pot syntheses of blue-luminescent 4-aryl-1H-benzo[f]isoindole-1,3(2H)-diones by T3P^® activation of 3-arylpropiolic acids

• Melanie Denißen,
• Alexander Kraus,
• Guido J. Reiss and
• Thomas J. J. Müller

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2017, 13, 2340–2351, doi:10.3762/bjoc.13.231

• in the vibrationally relaxed excited singlet state. Keywords: absorption; cycloaddition; diversity-oriented synthesis; fluorescence; heterocycles; imidation; Introduction Luminophores as functional π-electron systems [1] are crucial in modern illumination technologies, such as organic light

• -emitting diodes (OLEDs) [2][3][4][5]. As a consequence efficient and efficacious syntheses of fluorescent molecules can be most advantageously addressed by diversity-oriented syntheses [6][7][8], namely by multicomponent [9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21] and domino reactions [22][23][24

Mechanochemical synthesis of small organic molecules

• Tapas Kumar Achar,
• Anima Bose and
• Prasenjit Mal

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2017, 13, 1907–1931, doi:10.3762/bjoc.13.186

• . Hetero aromatic aldehydes also worked efficiently to give the products in 96–98% yield [158]. Acenes and hetero-acenes have important applications in material development such as semiconductors, photovoltaic cells, field effect transistors, organic light emitting diodes, etc. [159][160][161][162][163

Nitration of 5,11-dihydroindolo[3,2-b]carbazoles and synthetic applications of their nitro-substituted derivatives

• Roman A. Irgashev,
• Nikita A. Kazin,
• Gennady L. Rusinov and
• Valery N. Charushin

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2017, 13, 1396–1406, doi:10.3762/bjoc.13.136

• -dihydroindolo[3,2-b]carbazole (indolo[3,2-b]carbazole, ICZ) has been successfully used as a basic structural fragment of perspective electroluminescent, hole-transporting materials and light-harvesting dyes for organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs) [7][8][9][10][11][12][13], organic field-effect transistors

Synthesis and optical properties of new 5'-aryl-substituted 2,5-bis(3-decyl-2,2'-bithiophen-5-yl)-1,3,4-oxadiazoles

• Anastasia S. Kostyuchenko,
• Tatyana Yu. Zheleznova,
• Anton J. Stasyuk,
• Aleksandra Kurowska,
• Wojciech Domagala,
• Adam Pron and
• Alexander S. Fisyuk

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2017, 13, 313–322, doi:10.3762/bjoc.13.34

• turned out efficient electroluminophores in organic light emitting diodes of “guest–host”-type [18][22][23]. In one of our previous papers [25] we proposed an original method for the preparation of ester derivatives of alkylbithiophenes 7, some of which were then used as precursors of 1–3 (see Scheme 1

Thiophene-forming one-pot synthesis of three thienyl-bridged oligophenothiazines and their electronic properties

• Dominik Urselmann,
• Konstantin Deilhof,
• Bernhard Mayer and
• Thomas J. J. Müller

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2016, 12, 2055–2064, doi:10.3762/bjoc.12.194

• hole-transport materials in organic light emitting diodes [10][11][12][13][14][15], organic field-effect transistors [16][17][18][19][20][21][22], and organic photovoltaics [23][24][25][26]. Likewise their smaller congeners, 2,5-di(hetero)aryl substituted thiophenes [4][5], are equally relevant as

3,6-Carbazole vs 2,7-carbazole: A comparative study of hole-transporting polymeric materials for inorganic–organic hybrid perovskite solar cells

• Wei Li,
• Munechika Otsuka,
• Takehito Kato,
• Yang Wang,
• Takehiko Mori and
• Tsuyoshi Michinobu

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2016, 12, 1401–1409, doi:10.3762/bjoc.12.134

• optical or photorefractive properties [22][23][24]. These features were also applied to organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) [25]. In contrast, the poly(2,7-carbazole) derivatives appeared after the pioneering synthetic studies of the 2,7-dihalogeno-carbazole monomers [26][27]. A series of 2,7-carbazole

Indenopyrans – synthesis and photoluminescence properties

• Andreea Petronela Diac,
• Ana-Maria Ţepeş,
• Albert Soran,
• Ion Grosu,
• Anamaria Terec,
• Jean Roncali and
• Elena Bogdan

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2016, 12, 825–834, doi:10.3762/bjoc.12.81

• ,8a]indolin-5-enyl)-4H-pyran [14][15][16][17] and benzopyran (4-dicyanomethylenechromene) [18][19] have been employed as red doping agents for organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs). Furthermore, pyran derivatives decorated with electron-donating 6-(4-diethylamino)phenyl and electron-withdrawing cyano

Syntheses of dibenzo[d,d']benzo[2,1-b:3,4-b']difuran derivatives and their application to organic field-effect transistors

• Minh Anh Truong and
• Koji Nakano

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2016, 12, 805–812, doi:10.3762/bjoc.12.79

• conventional silicon-based semiconductors. Organic semiconducting materials can be used as active layers in organic field-effect transistors (OFETs) [1][2][3][4][5][6][7], organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) [8][9][10], and organic photovoltaics (OPVs) [11][12]. Among many organic semiconducting materials so

Synthesis and photophysical characteristics of polyfluorene polyrotaxanes

• Aurica Farcas,
• Giulia Tregnago,
• Ana-Maria Resmerita,
• Pierre-Henri Aubert and
• Franco Cacialli

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2015, 11, 2677–2688, doi:10.3762/bjoc.11.288

• the investigated compounds are electrochemically accessible as electron-transporting materials for fabrication of organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) [54], Figure 4d. To gain further insights into the effect of macrocyclic encapsulations, it is also important to investigate the influence of the

Polythiophene and oligothiophene systems modified by TTF electroactive units for organic electronics

• Alexander L. Kanibolotsky,
• Neil J. Findlay and
• Peter J. Skabara

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2015, 11, 1749–1766, doi:10.3762/bjoc.11.191

• ) [5] and organic field effect transistors (OFETs) [6][7], whereas the PEDOT:poly(styrene sulfonate) salt (PEDOT:PSS) was originally investigated for antistatic applications but is now commercially available for its use as a hole-injecting/collecting material for organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs

A new and convenient synthetic way to 2-substituted thieno[2,3-b]indoles

• Roman A. Irgashev,
• Arseny A. Karmatsky,
• Gennady L. Rusinov and
• Valery N. Charushin

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2015, 11, 1000–1007, doi:10.3762/bjoc.11.112

• thieno[3,2-b]pyrrole ring systems have been incorporated in the structures of various fused polycyclic compounds (heteroacenes), which have been used as efficient hole-transport materials for organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs) or field effect transistors (OFETs) [9][10][11][12][13][14][15]. Taking

Functionalized branched EDOT-terthiophene copolymer films by electropolymerization and post-polymerization “click”-reactions

• Miriam Goll,
• Adrian Ruff,
• Erna Muks,
• Felix Goerigk,
• Beatrice Omiecienski,
• Ines Ruff,
• Rafael C. González-Cano,
• Juan T. Lopez Navarrete,
• M. Carmen Ruiz Delgado and
• Sabine Ludwigs

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2015, 11, 335–347, doi:10.3762/bjoc.11.39

• , especially the position of the HOMO level and the HOMO–LUMO band gap value are crucial for the applicability in different devices such as organic photovoltaics, organic field effect transistors, organic light emitting diodes or organic electrochromic windows [1][2][3][4][5][6]. There are different ways to

Lateral ordering of PTCDA on the clean and the oxygen pre-covered Cu(100) surface investigated by scanning tunneling microscopy and low energy electron diffraction

• Stefan Gärtner,
• Benjamin Fiedler,
• Oliver Bauer,
• Antonela Marele and
• Moritz M. Sokolowski

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2014, 10, 2055–2064, doi:10.3762/bjoc.10.213

• light-emitting diodes [2]. In order to obtain a fundamental understanding of the interactions at these interfaces, the adsorption of perylene-3,4,9,10-tetracarboxylic acid dianhydride (PTCDA) on single crystal surfaces of noble metals has been studied intensively as a model system [3]. On the coinage

• to that of PTCDA bulk lattice planes. Keywords: Cu(100); LEED; PTCDA; STM; template; thin organic films; Introduction Interfaces between organic semiconductors and metals have gained large interest because they are present in many applications, e.g., organic field-effect transistors [1] or organic

Synthesis of new, highly luminescent bis(2,2’-bithiophen-5-yl) substituted 1,3,4-oxadiazole, 1,3,4-thiadiazole and 1,2,4-triazole

• Anastasia S. Kostyuchenko,
• Vyacheslav L.Yurpalov,
• Aleksandra Kurowska,
• Wojciech Domagala,
• Adam Pron and
• Alexander S. Fisyuk

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2014, 10, 1596–1602, doi:10.3762/bjoc.10.165

• -oxadiazole or 1,2,4-triazole central ring are reported herein. The synthesized derivatives are very interesting new semiconductors of possible use as electroluminophores since preliminary studies showed that they could be used as active components of host–guests organic light emitting diodes [21]. Results

The Ugi four-component reaction as a concise modular synthetic tool for photo-induced electron transfer donor-anthraquinone dyads

• Sarah Bay,
• Gamall Makhloufi,
• Christoph Janiak and
• Thomas J. J. Müller

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2014, 10, 1006–1016, doi:10.3762/bjoc.10.100

• systems represent the fundamental basis for application in molecular electronics and optoelectronics [9][10][11][12][13][14] and they are employed in organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) for a balanced charge transport [15][16][17][18][19][20] and photovoltaic devices [21][22][23][24][25]. The concept of

First synthesis of meso-substituted pyrrolo[1,2-a]quinoxalinoporphyrins

• Dileep Kumar Singh and
• Mahendra Nath

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2014, 10, 808–813, doi:10.3762/bjoc.10.76

• ][12][13], organic light emitting diodes [14][15], near infrared dyes [16][17][18], hybrid solar cells [19][20][21][22], and biosensors [23][24][25] due to their intense optical absorptions and photoluminescence characteristics. On the other hand, compounds containing a pyrrolo[1,2-a]quinoxaline

Triphenylene discotic liquid crystal trimers synthesized by Co₂(CO)₈-catalyzed terminal alkyne [2 + 2 + 2] cycloaddition

• Bin Han,
• Ping Hu,
• Bi-Qin Wang,
• Carl Redshaw and
• Ke-Qing Zhao

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2013, 9, 2852–2861, doi:10.3762/bjoc.9.321

• organic electronic devices based on liquid crystalline semiconductors are low-cost and thus are especially attractive to industry. Until now, DLCs have been explored as active materials applied in organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) [13][14][15], organic field-effect transistors (OFETs) [5][6][7][8][16