Beilstein J. Org. Chem.2009,5, No. 29, doi:10.3762/bjoc.5.29
further study and even commercialisation it is then required to be produced on a larger scale. The problem is that to move from small discovery to larger pilot or commercial scale production is not simply a case of scalingup the quantities of reagents and solvents [4]. There are also supply issues when
containment in the case of a failure [2][3]. Scalingup in volume of a reactor has implications on the mass and heat transfer within the system so the reaction must be re-optimised for the prevailing conditions. This is a time-consuming process and often results in the abandoning of the bench scale process in
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Graphical Abstract
Scheme 1:
Synthesis of 4-methoxybiphenyl (4-MeOBP) and by-products in the Kumada reaction.