Cyanoethylation of the glucans dextran and pullulan: Substitution pattern and formation of nanostructures and entrapment of magnetic nanoparticles

• Kathrin Fiege,
• Heinrich Lünsdorf,
• Sevil Atarijabarzadeh and
• Petra Mischnick

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2012, 8, 551–566, doi:10.3762/bjoc.8.63

• specific interaction between cyano groups and iron could be proven. The size distribution and morphology of the nanoparticles were analyzed by dynamic light scattering (DLS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-filtered transmission electron microscopy (EF–TEM) with parallel electron energy loss

• electron microscopy (SEM) micrographs were recorded. Using SEM the morphology of polysaccharide particles is accessible. The parameters and results of the DLS and SEM measurements are summarized in Table 3. DLS measurements were in good agreement with the evaluation of the electron microscopy images

• stabilization. At pH 2 the iron oxide dispersion is stable for several months without precipitation. After the dialysis process of the high-DS cyanoethyldextran and pullulan (20 mg, CED-3, DSGC = 2.40; CEP-3, DSGC = 2.42) the hydrodynamic diameter of the particles was determined by DLS. Additionally, scanning

Scaling up of continuous-flow, microwave-assisted, organic reactions by varying the size of Pd-functionalized catalytic monoliths

• Ping He,
• Stephen J. Haswell,
• Paul D. I. Fletcher,
• Stephen M. Kelly and
• Andrew Mansfield

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2011, 7, 1150–1157, doi:10.3762/bjoc.7.133

• sealed within the Teflon® tube to form a flow Pd-monolith reactor system. Sample characterization Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images were obtained by means of a Cambridge S360 scanning electron microscope operated at 20 kV. Each sample was sputter coated with a thin layer of gold–platinum

Air-stable, recyclable, and time-efficient diphenylphosphinite cellulose-supported palladium nanoparticles as a catalyst for Suzuki–Miyaura reactions

• Qingwei Du and
• Yiqun Li

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2011, 7, 378–385, doi:10.3762/bjoc.7.48

• in ethanol (Scheme 1). The as-prepared Cell–OPPh2–Pd0 catalyst was characterized by inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analyses (TGA), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and

• inductively coupled plasma (ICP) spectroscopy. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was performed with a Philips XL 30ESEM instrument. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) was performed with a Philips Tecnai instrument operating at 40–100 kV. The chemicals were obtained from commercial sources and used as

Synthesis and self-assembly of 1-deoxyglucose derivatives as low molecular weight organogelators

• Guijun Wang,
• Hao Yang,
• Sherwin Cheuk and
• Sherman Coleman

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2011, 7, 234–242, doi:10.3762/bjoc.7.31

• program used to acquire and store the photos was Corel Photo-Paint 7. Scanning electron microscopy. A piece of the gel was deposited on an aluminum sample holder and allowed to dry in a desiccator. The dried gel sample was coated with a thin layer of platinum (~100–150 Å) by a Denton Vacuum (model Desk II

Differences between β-Ala and Gly-Gly in the design of amino acids-based hydrogels

• Andreea Pasc,
• Firmin Obounou Akong,
• Sedat Cosgun and
• Christine Gérardin

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2010, 6, 973–977, doi:10.3762/bjoc.6.109

• including, NMR, FT-IR, scanning electron microscopy, SAXS/WAXS. Results and Discussion Molecular design A hydrogelator generally contains three functional domains: a hydrogen or electron donor and acceptor domain as the main organiser, a hydrophilic domain to adjust the solubility in water or in organic

• method at the same concentration, and was higher than the sol-to-gel transition temperature of the 2% w/v sample. On drying, the fibres aggregate to form larger fibre bundles as shown in Figure 4. The morphology of the gel was observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM, Figure 4). The micrographs show

Towards racemizable chiral organogelators

• Jian Bin Lin,
• Debarshi Dasgupta,
• Seda Cantekin and
• Albertus P. H. J. Schenning

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2010, 6, 960–965, doi:10.3762/bjoc.6.107

• transition is associated with gel melting and/or gel formation. When the racemate (R-3 = S-3 = 2.5 mM) was heated and cooled to room temperature, precipitation was observed (Figure 2b). The morphology of the organogel was further characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) as well as

• / methanol 90/10 v/v %, flow: 1 mL/min, temperature, 25 °C, detection: λ = 220 nm, detection limit: 0.01 area %. Electron Microscopy: The field emission scanning electron microscopy was performed on dried gel samples. The samples (15 mM in octane) were first coated with gold by the sputtering technique and

Pyridinium based amphiphilic hydrogelators as potential antibacterial agents

• Sayanti Brahmachari,
• Sisir Debnath,
• Sounak Dutta and
• Prasanta Kumar Das

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2010, 6, 859–868, doi:10.3762/bjoc.6.101

• fluorescence spectroscopy. The topographical features of the soft matter were visualized using different microscopic techniques (scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM)). Interestingly, these compounds were found to show excellent antibacterial activity against Gram-positive and Gram

• formation of three dimensional higher ordered structures during self-assembled hydrogelation was investigated by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM). Morphology of the dried xerogels showed the formation of different supramolecular structures that are involved in the gelation process of 1

Chiral gels derived from secondary ammonium salts of (1R,3S)-(+)-camphoric acid

• Tapas Kumar Adalder,
• N. N. Adarsh,
• Ravish Sankolli and
• Parthasarathi Dastidar

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2010, 6, 848–858, doi:10.3762/bjoc.6.100

• )-(+)-camphoric acid and various secondary amines were prepared based on supramolecular synthon rationale. Out of seven salts prepared, two showed moderate gelation abilities. The gels were characterized by differential scanning calorimetry, table top rheology, scanning electron microscopy, single crystal and

• table top rheology, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), single- and powder X-ray diffraction (SXRD and PXRD, respectively). Single crystal structures of two gelators and one nongelator, i.e., DBUAMC 3, DBAMC 6, and DCHADC 1, respectively were determined and

• programmable melting point apparatus, India. IR spectra were obtained on a FT-IR instrument (FTIR-8300, Shimadzu). The elemental compositions of the purified compounds were confirmed by elemental analysis (Perkin-Elmer Precisely, Series-II, CHNO/S Analyzer-2400). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was carried

Synthesis, spectral characterization, electron microscopic study and thermogravimetric analysis of a phosphorus containing dendrimer with diphenylsilanediol as core unit

• E. Dadapeer,
• B. Hari Babu,
• C. Suresh Reddy and
• Naga Raju Charmarthi

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2010, 6, 726–731, doi:10.3762/bjoc.6.85

• on the final dendritic molecule. Keywords: diphenyl silanediol; divergent method; phosphorus containing dendrimer; scanning electron microscopy; Schiff’s base; thermogravimetric analysis; Introduction Dendrimers constitute a new class of macromolecules that can offer a potentially defect-free

• molecule was studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), whilst the molecular decomposition of the dendrimer G6 was investigated by both thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential thermal analysis (DTA). Scanning electronic microscopic study In order to get a deeper insight into the properties of

Gold film- catalysed benzannulation by Microwave- Assisted, Continuous Flow Organic Synthesis (MACOS)

• Gjergji Shore,
• Michael Tsimerman and
• Michael G. Organ

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2009, 5, No. 35, doi:10.3762/bjoc.5.35

• assessment of different types of metal films for their utility in benzannulation. The morphology of Cu, Pd, Ag, and Au films can be compared in the scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images in Figure 2. The films are generally prepared in a reducing environment (see Experimental), thus they are expected to