Enhancement of efficiency in organic photovoltaic devices containing self-complementary hydrogen-bonding domains

• Rohan J. Kumar,
• Jegadesan Subbiah and
• Andrew B. Holmes

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2013, 9, 1102–1110, doi:10.3762/bjoc.9.122

• -bonding domain has been incorporated as the electron-deficient moiety in a “push–pull” p-type molecule 2 for organic solar cells. Self-association of this domain could be monitored by 1H NMR, and at higher concentrations the compound was found to form nanostructures and organogels. In bulk heterojunction

Synthesis of guanidinium–sulfonimide ion pairs: towards novel ionic liquid crystals

• Martin Butschies,
• Manuel M. Neidhardt,
• Markus Mansueto,
• Sabine Laschat and
• Stefan Tussetschläger

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2013, 9, 1093–1101, doi:10.3762/bjoc.9.121

• used as designer solvents, electrolytes for lithium ion batteries, dye-sensitized solar cells, and the electrochemical deposition of metals [1][2][3][4][5], the corresponding ionic liquids with thermotropic liquid-crystalline properties, i.e., ILCs, are a much younger class of compounds [6][7][8

Superstructures of fluorescent cyclodextrin via click-reaction

• Arkadius Maciollek,
• Helmut Ritter and
• Rainer Beckert

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2013, 9, 827–831, doi:10.3762/bjoc.9.94

• fluorescent nature [1][2]. These optical properties can be used for the development of sensor molecules, blue emitting dyes, luminescent materials or as donor–(π-conjugated-bridge)–acceptor-type dyes in dye-sensitized solar cells [3][4][5]. The etherification of 4-hydroxythiazole by using propargyl bromide

New enzymatically polymerized copolymers from 4-tert-butylphenol and 4-ferrocenylphenol and their modification and inclusion complexes with β-cyclodextrin

• Adam Mondrzyk,
• Beate Mondrzik,
• Sabrina Gingter and
• Helmut Ritter

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2012, 8, 2118–2123, doi:10.3762/bjoc.8.238

• activity in mongrel rabbits [21]. Metal-containing polymers have drawn a lot of interest in the past decade because of their combined chemical, electrochemical, magnetic and optic properties. Potential applications include polymeric materials for light-emitting electrodes, solar cells or field-effect

Syntheses and applications of furanyl-functionalised 2,2’:6’,2’’-terpyridines

• Jérôme Husson and
• Michael Knorr

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2012, 8, 379–389, doi:10.3762/bjoc.8.41

• . Miscellaneous utilization of furanyl-functionalised tpys Terpyridines functionalised with five-membered heterocycles, especially thiophene [13], and their derived complexes have proved to be interesting materials in the field of dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSC) [55]. Understanding in depth both the

• moieties with the final aim of preparing functionalised materials for application in devices, especially solar cells. Recent results obtained in this field with furan-containing molecules [57][58][59] demonstrate that the introduction of this heterocycle onto terpyridine is an interesting strategy

Improved syntheses of high hole mobility phthalocyanines: A case of steric assistance in the cyclo-oligomerisation of phthalonitriles

• Daniel J. Tate,
• Rémi Anémian,
• Richard J. Bushby,
• Suwat Nanan,
• Stuart L. Warriner and
• and Benjamin J. Whitaker

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2012, 8, 120–128, doi:10.3762/bjoc.8.14

• 85 °C and 0.20 cm2·V−1·s−1 in the Colh phase at 100 °C) [14][15]. Furthermore, this phthalocyanine gives good time-of-flight electron transits even in an ambient atmosphere [15]. As a result, related α-alkylated phthalocyanines are attracting interest for use in organic devices, such as solar cells

Imidazole as a parent π-conjugated backbone in charge-transfer chromophores

• Jiří Kulhánek and
• Filip Bureš

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2012, 8, 25–49, doi:10.3762/bjoc.8.4

• derivatives 14 bearing a cyanoacrylic moiety connected to imidazole C2 by thiophene or thiazole π-linkers were recently utilized as dye-sensitized solar cells with an efficiency up to 6.3% [41]. Several similar classes of imidazole-derived push–pull compounds can be found in the literature. They were mainly

• were focused on improving optical, photovoltaic, and charge-transport properties as well as efficiencies of V-BT derived solar cells. Thus, he studied new processing techniques for solar cells, the use of various semiconducting donor polymers, nanoimprint lithography, etc. [117][118][119][120]. This

• solar cells). In 2009, Koszykowska et al. demonstrated facile polymerization of 1-vinylimidazole and subsequent post-azo coupling at imidazole C2 to attach various donor- and acceptor-substituted pendants. Moreover, the poly(N-vinyl-2-(phenylazo)imidazoles 132–134 showed interesting switchable

Sexithiophenes as efficient luminescence quenchers of quantum dots

• Christopher R. Mason,
• Yang Li,
• Paul O’Brien,
• Neil J. Findlay and
• Peter J. Skabara

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2011, 7, 1722–1731, doi:10.3762/bjoc.7.202

• deposition [1]. This has led to the application of oligothiophenes in numerous organic devices including solar cells [2][3][4], light-emitting diodes (LEDs) [5][6], field-effect transistors [7][8][9] and electrochromics [10]. Furthermore, end-capped oligothiophenes are particularly attractive materials for

Synthesis and characterization of new diiodocoumarin derivatives with promising antimicrobial activities

• Hany M. Mohamed,
• Ashraf H. F. Abd EL-Wahab,
• Ahmed M. EL-Agrody,
• Ahmed H. Bedair,
• Fathy A. Eid,
• Mostafa M. Khafagy and
• Kamal A. Abd-EL-Rehem

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2011, 7, 1688–1696, doi:10.3762/bjoc.7.199

• ]. Moreover, coumarin-based dyes and pigments are organic fluorescent materials exhibiting unique photochemical and photophysical properties, which render them useful in a variety of applications such as dye lasers, anion sensors, organic light-emitting diodes and solar cells [9][10]. Iodo-organic derivatives

Synthesis of 3-(quinolin-2-yl)- and 3,6-bis(quinolin-2-yl)-9H-carbazoles

• Yang Li and
• Wentao Gao

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2010, 6, 966–972, doi:10.3762/bjoc.6.108

• considered to be potential candidates for electronic devices, such as color displays, organic semiconductor lasers, and solar cells because of their reversible electrochemical oxidation [14][15][16][17][18][19][20]. Currently, there is a strong interest in the synthesis of novel heteroarylcarbazole

Conjugated polymers containing diketopyrrolopyrrole units in the main chain

• Bernd Tieke,
• A. Raman Rabindranath,
• Kai Zhang and
• Yu Zhu

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2010, 6, 830–845, doi:10.3762/bjoc.6.92

• characteristic properties of the polymers are described. Potential applications in the field of organic electronic materials such as light emitting diodes, organic solar cells and organic field effect transistors are discussed. Keywords: conjugated polymer; diketopyrrolopyrrole; electroluminescence

• -sensitized solar cells were fabricated with P-12 as active layer. A power conversion efficiency of 1.43% was reached. G. Zhang et al. [52] synthesized diphenylDPP-containing polyphenylene-vinylene (PPV)- and polyphenylene-ethynylene (PPE)-type conjugated polymers via Heck- and Sonogashira coupling

• , respectively. PPV-type polymers such as P-14 (Table 2) exhibit good solubility in common organic solvents, high thermal stability and a broad UV/visible absorption between 300 and 600 nm in films. Bulk heterojunction solar cells were fabricated and showed a power conversion efficiency of 0.01%. A PPE-type

Self-assembled ordered structures in thin films of HAT5 discotic liquid crystal

• Piero Morales,
• Jan Lagerwall,
• Paolo Vacca,
• Sabine Laschat and
• Giusy Scalia

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2010, 6, No. 51, doi:10.3762/bjoc.6.51

• columns, which then behave like molecular wires. Their good performance makes them promising for use as transistors [3] in electronic circuits, for light emitting diodes [4] and in solar cells [5][6]. Liquid crystals (LCs) possess a long range, even if imperfect, order that is beneficial for creating a

• transistors requires LC columns bridging the electrodes, usually parallel to the substrates. This corresponds to the so-called planar alignment with the molecular planes perpendicular to the substrate and the columnar axis parallel to it. On the other hand, for solar cells or OLEDs the columns should be

Molecular recognition of organic ammonium ions in solution using synthetic receptors

• Andreas Späth and
• Burkhard König

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2010, 6, No. 32, doi:10.3762/bjoc.6.32

1-(4-Alkyloxybenzyl)-3-methyl-1H-imidazol-3-ium organic backbone: A versatile smectogenic moiety

• William Dobbs,
• Laurent Douce and
• Benoît Heinrich

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2009, 5, No. 62, doi:10.3762/bjoc.5.62

• can impart selectivity in reactions by organising reactants, as scaffolds for the synthesis of nanostructured particles [12][13][14], in dye-sensitized solar cells [15][16] or also in bio-related science [17][18]. In conclusion, this combination represents a fascinating class of new multifunctional

Novel banana-discotic hybrid architectures

• Hari Krishna Bisoyi,
• H. T. Srinivasa and
• Sandeep Kumar

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2009, 5, No. 52, doi:10.3762/bjoc.5.52

• applications such as one-dimensional conductors, photoconductors, light emitting diodes, photovoltaic solar cells, gas sensors etc. [10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21]. The functional capabilities of these materials are due to their easier processibility, spontaneous alignment between electrodes

A stable enol from a 6-substituted benzanthrone and its unexpected behaviour under acidic conditions

• Marc Debeaux,
• Kai Brandhorst,
• Peter G. Jones,
• Henning Hopf,
• Jörg Grunenberg,
• Wolfgang Kowalsky and
• Hans-Hermann Johannes

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2009, 5, No. 31, doi:10.3762/bjoc.5.31

• -emitting diodes, OLEDs) or light-harvesting properties (e.g. organic solar cells) are receiving more and more attention [1]. In this respect benzanthrone (1), with its luminescent and photosensitizing properties, is an interesting candidate for the construction of these systems. Recently, aminobenzanthrone

New diarylmethanofullerene derivatives and their properties for organic thin- film solar cells

• Daisuke Sukeguchi,
• Surya Prakash Singh,
• Mamidi Ramesh Reddy,
• Hideyuki Yoshiyama,
• Rakesh A. Afre,
• Yasuhiko Hayashi,
• Hiroki Inukai,
• Tetsuo Soga,
• Shuichi Nakamura,
• Norio Shibata and
• Takeshi Toru

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2009, 5, No. 7, doi:10.3762/bjoc.5.7

• heterojunction solar cells; fullerene derivatives; high open-circuit voltage; Introduction Bulk heterojunction photovoltaic cells consisting of thin-film composites of conjugated polymers (donors) and fullerene derivatives (acceptors) are promising candidates for inexpensive, renewable solar energy conversion

• [1][2][3][4][5][6]. These organic thin films could also be used as flexible solar cells. Significant efforts have been made to optimize the power-conversion efficiency (PCE) of solar cells based on poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) as a donor and [6,6]-phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM) as an

• [19]. These first reduction potential data showed that the diarylmethanofullerene derivatives can be a better electron acceptor than PCBM [27]. Photovoltaic Devices A series of solar cells was fabricated with P3HT as the electron-donor and diarylmethanofullerene derivatives as the electron-acceptor

Synthesis of thienyl analogues of PCBM and investigation of morphology of mixtures in P3HT

• Fukashi Matsumoto,
• Kazuyuki Moriwaki,
• Yuko Takao and
• Toshinobu Ohno

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2008, 4, No. 33, doi:10.3762/bjoc.4.33

• stimulate new approaches to the production of efficient, low-cost photovoltaic (PV) devices [1][2][3]. In particular, the use of polymers for the fabrication of solar cells would offer considerable advantages such as the low-cost production of large-area, flexible, and light solar cells [4][5][6][7

• ]. Recently, bulk heterojunction solar cells consisting of a conjugated polymer (donor) and fullerene derivatives (acceptors) have inspired much scientific research owing to these reasons [8][9]. In this research, it has been demonstrated that the PV cells based on regio-regular poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT

• rare methanofullerene that has greater solubility than PCBM. The improvement in solubility by just adding an ester group is very informative and promising for further development of methanofullerenes. Bulk heterojunction solar cells using newly synthesized methanofullerenes are being fabricated and