The effect of the formyl group position upon asymmetric isomeric diarylethenes bearing a naphthalene moiety

• Renjie Wang,
• Shouzhi Pu,
• Gang Liu and
• Shiqiang Cui

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2012, 8, 1018–1026, doi:10.3762/bjoc.8.114

• nucleosides and molecular recognition properties of nucleic acids with the light sensitivity of diarylethenes [34]. Recently, Wu et al. designed and synthesized a novel diarylethene-containing dithiazolethene, which exhibited a gated photochromic reactivity controlled by complexation/dissociation with BF3 [35

Parallel and four-step synthesis of natural-product-inspired scaffolds through modular assembly and divergent cyclization

• Hiroki Oguri,
• Haruki Mizoguchi,
• Hideaki Oikawa,
• Aki Ishiyama,
• Masato Iwatsuki,
• Kazuhiko Otoguro and
• Satoshi Ōmura

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2012, 8, 930–940, doi:10.3762/bjoc.8.105

• electrophilic iminium species, which allow covalent bond formation with biomacromolecules (nucleic acids, proteins) in a cellular environment, and thereby play pivotal roles in defining their biological activities [28][29]. As a mechanistic rationale for the antitumor activities of quinocarcins, DNA alkylation

The use of glycoinformatics in glycochemistry

• Thomas Lütteke

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2012, 8, 915–929, doi:10.3762/bjoc.8.104

• ; Introduction Carbohydrates, often referred to as glycans, differ from other biopolymers such as proteins or nucleic acids in various ways. The number of different monosaccharides that are present in naturally occurring glycans is significantly higher than the number of proteogenic amino acids, or of

• nucleotides that form DNA or RNA strands [1][2]. Furthermore, the monosaccharides can be linked to each other in several ways, including the possibility to form branched structures. Another important difference between glycans, on the one hand, and proteins and nucleic acids, on the other hand, is visible in

• their biosynthesis: DNA, RNA and proteins are synthesized by copying, transcription or translation, respectively, of nucleic acids, whereas carbohydrates are built in a non-template-driven approach by the sequential action of various glycosyltransferases (GT) that add monosaccharides to an existing

Diarylethene-modified nucleotides for switching optical properties in DNA

• Sebastian Barrois and
• Hans-Achim Wagenknecht

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2012, 8, 905–914, doi:10.3762/bjoc.8.103

• molecular components represents an increasingly significant goal for the development of new photoreactive nanostructured architectures. Among those architectures, nucleic acids were proven to be an important scaffold for the precise arrangement of all kinds of chromophores inside or along the double helix

• [1][2][3][4]. Nucleic acids are synthesized by building blocks; in this bottom-up approach artificial functionalities, such as photoswitches, can be introduced synthetically by providing the corresponding artificial DNA building block. Among the known and structurally diverse photochromic compounds

• photoswitchable components in nucleic acids and are suitable for the control of a variety of different biological functions. The photoinduced cis–trans isomerization of azobenzene nucleosides can reversibly switch between the formation and dissociation of DNA duplexes [14][15][16][17], photoregulate DNA

Multicomponent synthesis of artificial nucleases and their RNase and DNase activity

• Anton V. Gulevich,
• Lyudmila S. Koroleva,
• Olga V. Morozova,
• Valentina N. Bakhvalova,
• Vladimir N. Silnikov and
• Valentine G. Nenajdenko

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2011, 7, 1135–1140, doi:10.3762/bjoc.7.131

• groups as well as various aliphatic linkers. With these diamides in hand we began the investigation of their biological activity. Currently, real-time PCR is the better method for the quantitation of the target nucleic acids because of its high specificity and sensitivity of up to a few genome

• artificial nucleases based on diamides containing two amino acid residues connected by aliphatic linkers were synthesized by a catalytic three-component Ugi-type reaction and subsequent deprotection. To quantitative cleavage of any nucleic acids, including single-stranded RNA and cDNA as well as double

Synthesis, reactivity and biological activity of 5-alkoxymethyluracil analogues

• Lucie Brulikova and
• Jan Hlavac

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2011, 7, 678–698, doi:10.3762/bjoc.7.80

• , cytotoxic and antibacterial, is also reported. Keywords: 5-alkoxymethyluracil; biological activity; nucleosides; Review Introduction Modifications of nucleic acid components play a significant role in the field of nucleic acids research. In particular, nucleoside analogues find broad therapeutic

Oxalyl retro-peptide gelators. Synthesis, gelation properties and stereochemical effects

• Janja Makarević,
• Milan Jokić,
• Leo Frkanec,
• Vesna Čaplar,
• Nataša Šijaković Vujičić and
• Mladen Žinić

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2010, 6, 945–959, doi:10.3762/bjoc.6.106

• characteristics were found to strongly influence both, gelator effectiveness and morphological characteristics of gel aggregates. Keywords: chiral; organogel; oxalamide; retro-peptide; self-assembly; Introduction Reversible processes of peptide, protein and nucleic acids self-assembly are of paramount

Synthetic incorporation of Nile Blue into DNA using 2′-deoxyriboside substitutes: Representative comparison of (R)- and (S)-aminopropanediol as an acyclic linker

• Daniel Lachmann,
• Sina Berndl,
• Otto S. Wolfbeis and
• Hans-Achim Wagenknecht

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2010, 6, No. 13, doi:10.3762/bjoc.6.13

• was supported by geometrically optimized DNA models. Keywords: cycloaddition; fluorescence; glycol; oligonucleotide; phenoxazinium; phosphoramidite; Introduction Chemical bioanalysis and imaging of nucleic acids require synthetic incorporation of fluorescent DNA probes for an optical readout [1][2

• nucleic acids (TINA) [27][28], and by our group for fluorescent DNA base substitutions by ethidium [29][30], indole [31][32], thiazole orange [33][34], perylene bisimide [35][36] and phenothiazine [37]. This 2′-deoxyriboside substitution provides high chemical stability and conformational flexibility for

Synthesis of coumarin or ferrocene labeled nucleosides via Staudinger ligation

• Ivana Kosiova,
• Andrea Janicova and
• Pavol Kois

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2006, 2, No. 23, doi:10.1186/1860-5397-2-23

• nucleic acids. Results A new approach for the preparation of labeled nucleosides via intermolecular Staudinger ligation is described. Reaction of azidonucleosides with triphenylphosphine lead to iminophosphorane intermediates, which react subsequently with derivatives of coumarin or ferrocene to form

• nucleosides are important tools for the study of key processes of cell metabolism, as well as being successful therapeutic agents. [1][2][3] For structural and functional studies of nucleosides, and their oligomers in nucleic acids or protein complexes, efficient detection methods are necessary. Today

• different approaches for modification of nucleic acid components and DNA biosensor construction have been developed, many questions remain to be answered with respect to the complete understanding of optical and electrical properties of modified nucleic acids used in bioanalytical systems. Universal