Multicomponent syntheses of pyrazoles via (3 + 2)-cyclocondensation and (3 + 2)-cycloaddition key steps

• Ignaz Betcke,
• Alissa C. Götzinger,
• Maryna M. Kornet and
• Thomas J. J. Müller

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2024, 20, 2024–2077, doi:10.3762/bjoc.20.178

• iodoalkanes 89. Subsequent reaction with acylsilanes 90 leads to alcohols, which react by Brook rearrangement to enoxysilanes and form the intermediate 92. Following a Michael addition/cyclocondensation with methylhydrazine, 4-fluoropyrazoles 91 are regioselectively formed (Scheme 32) [115]. Bouillon

Organophosphorus chemistry: from model to application

• György Keglevich

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2023, 19, 89–90, doi:10.3762/bjoc.19.8

• . elaborated a Lewis acid-catalyzed one-pot synthesis of phosphinates and phosphonates staring from pyridinecarboxaldehydes and diarylphosphine oxides [2]. This protocol is the analogy of the Pudovik reaction, followed by the phospha-Brook rearrangement applied mainly for the synthesis of phosphoric ester

Modular synthesis of 2-furyl carbinols from 3-benzyldimethylsilylfurfural platforms relying on oxygen-assisted C–Si bond functionalization

• Sebastien Curpanen,
• Per Reichert,
• Gabriele Lupidi,
• Giovanni Poli,
• Julie Oble and
• Alejandro Perez-Luna

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2022, 18, 1256–1263, doi:10.3762/bjoc.18.131

• alkoxides We first contemplated the possibility to promote C3–Si bond functionalization through intramolecular activation by alkoxides [15]. It was reported that lithium alkoxides A undergo 1,4-silyl migration (Brook rearrangement) to generate C2-lithiated furans C, which in turn can react in the presence

Lewis acid-catalyzed Pudovik reaction–phospha-Brook rearrangement sequence to access phosphoric esters

• Jin Yang,
• Dang-Wei Qian and
• Shang-Dong Yang

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2022, 18, 1188–1194, doi:10.3762/bjoc.18.123

• Herein, we report a Lewis acid-catalyzed Pudovik reaction–phospha-Brook rearrangement sequence between diarylphosphonates or -phosphinates and α-pyridinealdehydes to access valuable phosphoric ester compounds. This transformation provides an extended substrate scope that is complementary to similar

• previously reported base-catalyzed transformations. Keywords: Lewis acid; phospha-Brook rearrangement; phosphoric esters; Pudovik reaction; Introduction Phosphoric esters are widely used in agrochemistry, biological sciences, clinical treatments, as well as in general organic transformations [1][2][3][4][5

• with highly air-sensitive and hazardous phosphorus halides, with the assistance of a suitable base [19][20][21][22][23][24]. As an alternative pathway, the phospha-Brook rearrangement [25][26][27][28][29][30] represents a green approach to phosphoric esters since it uses α-hydroxyphosphonates, which

Synthetic strategies toward 1,3-oxathiolane nucleoside analogues

• Umesh P. Aher,
• Dhananjai Srivastava,
• Girij P. Singh and
• Jayashree B. S

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2021, 17, 2680–2715, doi:10.3762/bjoc.17.182

• ). The other diastereomer 59 remained dissolved in the mother liquor. The treatment of the norephedrine salt 58 with 5 M HCl afforded the enantiopure acid 60, which was further converted to the desired 1,3-oxathiolane-substituted ʟ-menthyl ester 35a. The synthetic use of [1,2]-Brook rearrangement for the

• synthesis of lamivudine (1) and the opposite enantiomer 1a was demonstrated by Han et al. [57]. They carried out the [1,2]-Brook rearrangement of silyl glyoxylate 61 using thiol 3nb as the nucleophile. Under optimized conditions, the reaction of the key intermediate 62 with acetyl chloride in ethanol

A novel methodology for the efficient synthesis of 3-monohalooxindoles by acidolysis of 3-phosphate-substituted oxindoles with haloid acids

• Li Liu,
• Yue Li,
• Tiao Huang,
• Dulin Kong and
• Mingshu Wu

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2021, 17, 2321–2328, doi:10.3762/bjoc.17.150

• . Thus, further work is needed to develop a novel strategy for an efficient synthesis of such a versatile synthon. On the other hand, diethyl (2-oxoindolin-3-yl) phosphates 2 were easily prepared by the base-catalyzed phospha-Brook rearrangement of isatins 1 with diethyl phosphite [28][29]. This compound

• summary, a new method for the synthesis of 3-monohalooxindoles via acidolysis of isatin-derived 3-phosphate-substituted oxindoles with haloid acids was developed. The present methodology involves the formation of an oxindole having a phosphate moiety at the C-3 position via the [1,2]-phospha-Brook

• rearrangement under Brønsted base catalysis and the subsequent acidolysis with haloid acids. The mild reaction conditions, simple operation, good yield, and readily available and inexpensive starting materials make this protocol a valuable method for the preparation of various 3-halooxindoles on a large-scale

N-tert-Butanesulfinyl imines in the asymmetric synthesis of nitrogen-containing heterocycles

• Joseane A. Mendes,
• Paulo R. R. Costa,
• Miguel Yus,
• Francisco Foubelo and
• Camilla D. Buarque

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2021, 17, 1096–1140, doi:10.3762/bjoc.17.86

• -butanesulfinyl aldimines (RS)-14. The process reported by Lu, Xu and co-workers started with the deprotonation of silyl compounds 33 with LDA at –78 °C, leading to the corresponding silyldichloromethyllium derivative, which reacted with arylnitrile 34. After nucleophilic addition and [1,3]-aza-Brook

• rearrangement, N-silyllithiumenamide 35 was formed. This strongly nucleophilic species could be traped by the chiral imine (RS)-14, producing 2-chloro-2-aroylaziridines via and aza-Darzens reaction [73]. Importantly, the structure of the final aziridine is determined by the silyl group, and the order of the

α,γ-Dioxygenated amides via tandem Brook rearrangement/radical oxygenation reactions and their application to syntheses of γ-lactams

• Mikhail K. Klychnikov,
• Radek Pohl,
• Ivana Císařová and
• Ullrich Jahn

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2021, 17, 688–704, doi:10.3762/bjoc.17.58

• reported. The sequence starts with a new tandem nucleophilic substitution/Brook rearrangement/single electron transfer-induced radical oxygenation furnishing orthogonally protected α,γ-dioxygenated N-allylamides with wide scope, mostly good yields, and partly good diastereo- and enantioselectivity for

• reactions providing functionalized pyrrolidones in high yields as diastereomeric mixtures. They converge to 3,4-trans-γ-lactams by base-mediated equilibration, which can be easily further diversified. Stereochemical models for both reaction types were developed. Keywords: Brook rearrangement; cyclization

• access to complex target molecules [74][75]. The principle is illustrated for a merger of nucleophilic opening of allylepoxides 1 with silylacetamides 2/Brook rearrangement [76][77][78] and oxygenation with TEMPO (3) leading to γ-(silyloxy)-α-(aminoxy)amides 5, which can be subsequently subjected to

Recent advances in Cu-catalyzed C(sp³)–Si and C(sp³)–B bond formation

• Balaram S. Takale,
• Ruchita R. Thakore,
• Elham Etemadi-Davan and
• Bruce H. Lipshutz

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2020, 16, 691–737, doi:10.3762/bjoc.16.67

• ] described NHC–Cu (74)/base 1,2-additions at room temperature of silicon pro-nucleophiles onto aldehydes 81 leading to racemic silyl alcohols 82–87 (Scheme 17B). A detailed mechanistic study revealed that a Cu–Si species is involved, giving intermediate 77, which subsequently undergoes fast Brook

• rearrangement to form a C–Cu bond-containing intermediate 78 (Scheme 17A). The O–Cu intermediate 77 can be intercepted either by PhMe2SiBpin or methanol to give the silylated O-Bpin product 79 or silyl alcohol 80, respectively. Interestingly, it was eventually realized that the use of the NHC ligand is not

Allylic cross-coupling using aromatic aldehydes as α-alkoxyalkyl anions

• Akihiro Yuasa,
• Kazunori Nagao and
• Hirohisa Ohmiya

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2020, 16, 185–189, doi:10.3762/bjoc.16.21

• silyl ether, which are derived from the Pd-catalyzed allylic silylation of 2a and the Cu-catalyzed silylation of 1a and the subsequent [1,2]-Brook rearrangement, respectively. In this coupling reaction, (SIPr)CuCl was a slightly better copper complex than (IPr)CuCl (62%), (SIMes)CuCl (60%) and (IMes

• ) species B. The 1,2-addition of silylcopper(I) B to the aromatic aldehyde 1 [15][16][17][18][19] and the subsequent [1,2]-Brook rearrangement from the obtained α-silyl-substituted copper(I) alkoxide C forms the key intermediate, an α-silyloxybenzylcopper(I) species D. The transmetallation between D and an

• aromatic aldehydes can be used as α-alkoxyalkyl anions for catalytic carbon–carbon bond formations [7][8][9]. For example, a nucleophilic α-silyloxybenzylcopper(I) species can be generated catalytically from aromatic aldehydes through the 1,2-addition of a silylcopper(I) species followed by [1,2]-Brook

Recent applications of the divinylcyclopropane–cycloheptadiene rearrangement in organic synthesis

• Sebastian Krüger and
• Tanja Gaich

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2014, 10, 163–193, doi:10.3762/bjoc.10.14

• by a Rupe rearrangement [190] using refluxing acetic acid as solvent to give ketone 220. Addition of deprotonated ketone 220 onto acryloylsilane 221 [191] gave alkoxy intermediate 222, which underwent a Brook rearrangement followed by cyclopropane formation to yield anionic 223 in situ [192]. The

Mitomycins syntheses: a recent update

• Jean-Christophe Andrez

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2009, 5, No. 33, doi:10.3762/bjoc.5.33

End game strategies towards the total synthesis of vibsanin E, 3-hydroxyvibsanin E, furanovibsanin A, and 3-O-methylfuranovibsanin A

• Brett D. Schwartz,
• Craig M. Williams and
• Paul V. Bernhardt

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2008, 4, No. 34, doi:10.3762/bjoc.4.34

• epoxide ring opened product (i.e. 28) was isolated (via epoxide 29). Subsequent treatment of the crude material (i.e. 28) with sodium hydride gave as the sole product the TBS protected α-hydroxy ketone 30 in 80% yield over two steps, via a 1,2-Brook rearrangement. The unprotected derivative 31 could be