1,2-Difluoroethylene (HFO-1132): synthesis and chemistry

• Liubov V. Sokolenko,
• Taras M. Sokolenko and
• Yurii L. Yagupolskii

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2024, 20, 1955–1966, doi:10.3762/bjoc.20.171

• 1,2-difluoroethylene (HFO-1132). The major routes for the preparation of the E- and Z-isomer of HFO-1132 are reviewed, along with the chemistry in radical, nucleophilic, and electrophilic reactions. Keywords: 1,2-difluoroethylene; fluorinated monomers; HFO-1132; hydrofluoroolefins; radical reactions

• blocks has significantly increased in the last years. Recently, the E-isomer of 1,2-difluoroethylene ((E)-HFO-1132) has attracted attention as a new refrigerant due to the low boiling point, moderate flammability, and low toxicity [40][41][42]. Also, in patent literature 1,2-difluoroethylene has been

• claimed to be a potential monomer for the preparation of new fluoropolymers [43][44]. Despite the fact that HFO-1132 has been known for a long time, there are no publications that summarize the chemistry of the compound. With this in mind, the main methods for the preparation of (E/Z)-1,2-difluoroethylene