Charge carrier transport in perylene-based and pyrene-based columnar liquid crystals

• Alessandro L. Alves,
• Simone V. Bernardino,
• Carlos H. Stadtlober,
• Edivandro Girotto,
• Giliandro Farias,
• Rodney M. do Nascimento,
• Sergio F. Curcio,
• Thiago Cazati,
• Marta E. R. Dotto,
• Juliana Eccher,
• Leonardo N. Furini,
• Hugo Gallardo,
• Harald Bock and
• Ivan H. Bechtold

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2023, 19, 1755–1765, doi:10.3762/bjoc.19.128

• attributed to the monomeric emission as it is similar to the value observed in solution, while the shortest lifetime (1.58 ns) of aggregated π–π species dominates with 75.38% of the total emission. Hole-only (ITO/PEDOT: PSS/1 or 2/Au) and electron-only devices (Al/1 or 2/Al) were fabricated to evaluate the

Design, synthesis and application of carbazole macrocycles in anion sensors

• Alo Rüütel,
• Ville Yrjänä,
• Sandip A. Kadam,
• Indrek Saar,
• Mihkel Ilisson,
• Astrid Darnell,
• Kristjan Haav,
• Tõiv Haljasorg,
• Lauri Toom,
• Johan Bobacka and
• Ivo Leito

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2020, 16, 1901–1914, doi:10.3762/bjoc.16.157

• of ions with the opposite sign from the sample along with the primary ion. The construction of the SC-ISEs used in this work is shown schematically in Figure 2. In these electrodes, poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) doped with chloride (PEDOT-Cl) was used as the solid contact (ion-to-electron

• in PVC cylinders (outer diameter = 8 mm). The GC rods functioned as the electronic conductors and the PVC shells were used to both control the amount of exposed GC surface and to function as the substrate for the ISM to adhere to. Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) doped with chloride (PEDOT-Cl) was

• -carboxylate interferents (such as iodide or nitrate) when compared to a control sensor. The biscarbazolylurea moiety. The structure of the solid-contact ion-selective electrode (sensor): a) glassy carbon as the electronic conductor; b) insulating shell made from PVC; c) PEDOT-Cl as the solid contact (ion-to

Synergistic electrodeposition of bilayer films and analysis by Raman spectroscopy

• Saadeldin E. T. Elmasly,
• Luca Guerrini,
• Joseph Cameron,
• Alexander L. Kanibolotsky,
• Neil J. Findlay,
• Karen Faulds and
• Peter J. Skabara

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2018, 14, 2186–2189, doi:10.3762/bjoc.14.191

• Glasgow, University Place, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, UK Institute of Physical-Organic Chemistry and Coal Chemistry, 02160 Kyiv, Ukraine 10.3762/bjoc.14.191 Abstract A novel methodology towards fabrication of multilayer organic devices, employing electrochemical polymer growth to form PEDOT and PEDTT layers, is

• successfully demonstrated. Moreover, careful control of the electrochemical conditions allows the degree of doping to be effectively altered for one of the polymer layers. Raman spectroscopy confirmed the formation and doped states of the PEDOT/PEDTT bilayer. The electrochemical deposition of a bilayer

• containing a de-doped PEDTT layer on top of doped PEDOT is analogous to a solution-processed organic semiconductor layer deposited on top of a PEDOT:PSS layer without the acidic PSS polymer. However, the poor solubility of electrochemically deposited PEDTT (or other electropolymerised potential candidates

Recent advances in phosphorescent platinum complexes for organic light-emitting diodes

• Cristina Cebrián and
• Matteo Mauro

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2018, 14, 1459–1481, doi:10.3762/bjoc.14.124

A versatile route to polythiophenes with functional pendant groups using alkyne chemistry

• Xiao Huang,
• Li Yang,
• Rikard Emanuelsson,
• Jonas Bergquist,
• Maria Strømme,
• Martin Sjödin and
• Adolf Gogoll

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2016, 12, 2682–2688, doi:10.3762/bjoc.12.265

• polymers; polythiophene; Sonogashira coupling; thiophene; Introduction Currently organic conjugated polymers are attracting considerable interest for various applications in plastic electronics. In particular, poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) [1] and its derivatives [2][3][4][5][6][7] play an

• increasingly important role in this field. The attractiveness of PEDOT in organic electronics is due to its electrochemical stability in combination with conductivity and solution processability. Recently demonstrated successful applications include electrochromic materials [8], energy storage materials [2][3

• . Interestingly, the colors of viologen can be tuned by introducing various substituents at the nitrogen sites [37]. The synthesis of 11 illustrates the ease of functionalizing viologen on both nitrogens and it can potentially be used for studying synergic electrochromism coupled with PEDOT [35]. Diethyl 2

Effects of solvent additive on “s-shaped” curves in solution-processed small molecule solar cells

• John A. Love,
• Shu-Hua Chou,
• Ye Huang,
• Guilllermo C. Bazan and
• Thuc-Quyen Nguyen

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2016, 12, 2543–2555, doi:10.3762/bjoc.12.249

• mixed with PC71BM and cast to form a bulk heterojunction (BHJ) atop poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) polystyrene sulfate (PEDOT) giving an architecture of ITO/PEDOT/p-SIDT(FBTThCA8)2:PC71BM/Ca/Al. The mass ratio of p-SIDT(FBTThCA8)2:PC71BM was held at 1:1 and cast from a chlorobenzene solution

• the PEDOT interfacial layer, and thus there may be non-ohmic contacts between the PEDOT and active layer, limiting the voltage [59]. Such an extraction barrier may also explain the build-up of space charge at one contact, and the s-shape to the J–V curve [25][30][60][61][62]. It has recently been

• shown by Tan and co-workers that in some cases, when PEDOT limits the voltage in solar cells, casting methanol on top of the layer will improve efficiency [63]. The methanol has been shown to effectively deepen the work function of the anode layer while not significantly disrupting the morphology

Polythiophene and oligothiophene systems modified by TTF electroactive units for organic electronics

• Alexander L. Kanibolotsky,
• Neil J. Findlay and
• Peter J. Skabara

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2015, 11, 1749–1766, doi:10.3762/bjoc.11.191

• studied polythiophene materials for organic electronics are regioregular poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) [2][3] and poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) [4], which is highly conductive in its doped state. P3HT has become a benchmark polymer semiconductor for both bulk hetero-junction solar cells (BHJSCs

• TTF-PT hybrid polymer (4), now with an ester linkage between the tetrathio-TTF derivative and the PEDOT polymer backbone, has also been reported [47]. The TTF-functionalised EDOT monomer unit allowed the authors to manage the electropolymerisation in an acetonitrile:CH2Cl2 mixture using both

• response from the polymeric film of 11c, prepared by functionalising prepolymerised PEDOT 9a with thiolatoTTF 10c, and that prepared by direct electropolymerisation of 12c turned out to be very similar, confirming that the heterogeneous derivatisation of 9a with 10c was rapid and quantitative with no

IR and electrochemical synthesis and characterization of thin films of PEDOT grown on platinum single crystal electrodes in [EMMIM]Tf₂N ionic liquid

• Andrea P. Sandoval,
• Marco F. Suárez-Herrera and
• Juan M. Feliu

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2015, 11, 348–357, doi:10.3762/bjoc.11.40

• , E-03080 Alicante, Spain 10.3762/bjoc.11.40 Abstract Thin films of PEDOT synthesized on platinum single electrodes in contact with the ionic liquid 1-ethyl-2,3-dimethylimidazolium triflimide ([EMMIM]Tf2N) were studied by cyclic voltammetry, chronoamperometry, infrared spectroscopy and atomic force

• microscopy. It was found that the polymer grows faster on Pt(111) than on Pt(110) or Pt(100) and that the redox reactions associated with the PEDOT p-doping process are much more reversible in [EMMIM]Tf2N than in acetonitrile. Finally, the ion exchange and charge carriers’ formation during the p-doping

• reaction of PEDOT were studied using in situ FTIR spectroscopy. Keywords: AFM; [EMMIM]Tf2N ionic liquid; in situ IR; PEDOT; Pt single crystals; Introduction Conducting polymers have been subject of an intense research during the last decades because they exhibit high conductivity and interesting optical

Functionalized branched EDOT-terthiophene copolymer films by electropolymerization and post-polymerization “click”-reactions

• Miriam Goll,
• Adrian Ruff,
• Erna Muks,
• Felix Goerigk,
• Beatrice Omiecienski,
• Ines Ruff,
• Rafael C. González-Cano,
• Juan T. Lopez Navarrete,
• M. Carmen Ruiz Delgado and
• Sabine Ludwigs

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2015, 11, 335–347, doi:10.3762/bjoc.11.39

• ″-terthiophene (3T) is presented as a versatile route to functional polymer films. Comparisons to blend systems of the respective homopolymers PEDOT and P3T by in situ spectroelectrochemistry and Raman spectroscopy prove the successful copolymer formation and the access to tailored redox properties and energy

• and alkynes (“click”-reaction) is a commonly used reaction in post-polymerization processes [39][40]. In the case of the azidomethyl-modified EDOT (EDOT-N3) building block different approaches of modifying the corresponding polymer PEDOT-N3 have been conducted so far, including the modification of

• electropolymerized PEDOT-N3 with different redox functionalities as employed by Bäuerle et al. [41][42][43]. The PEDOT relative, propargyl-substituted chemically synthesized 3,4-propylenedioxythiophene was used by Kumar et al. to introduce ionic groups by “click”-chemistry to render the solubility of the gained

Conjugated polymers containing diketopyrrolopyrrole units in the main chain

• Bernd Tieke,
• A. Raman Rabindranath,
• Kai Zhang and
• Yu Zhu

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2010, 6, 830–845, doi:10.3762/bjoc.6.92

• terpolymers by Suzuki coupling, and studied the EL properties. The best EL performance was achieved by a fluorene:DPP:phenothiazine 50:30.30 polymer with a maximum EQE of 0.25% and a maximum brightness of 259 cd m−2 in the device configuration of ITO/PEDOT/PVK/terpolymer/Ba/Al. DPP units effectively improved