The scent gland composition of the Mangshan pit viper, Protobothrops mangshanensis

• Jonas Holste,
• Paul Weldon,
• Donald Boyer and
• Stefan Schulz

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2024, 20, 2644–2654, doi:10.3762/bjoc.20.222

• common fatty acids, which allow for easier evaporation, make acids A–F suitable to be used in chemical communication of P. mangshanensis. However, actual proof of function can only be obtained by bioassays with synthetic material. Interestingly, there are a few structurally related compounds in the

• of several microderivatizations and finally confirmed structurally by synthesis. The structural uniqueness of the compounds, not found in other snake species, suggests a function, may it be in chemical communication, defense, or other traits. The other scent gland constituents are commonly found in

Identification and determination of the absolute configuration of amorph-4-en-10β-ol, a cadinol-type sesquiterpene from the scent glands of the African reed frog Hyperolius cinnamomeoventris

• Angelique Ladwig,
• Markus Kroll and
• Stefan Schulz

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2023, 19, 167–175, doi:10.3762/bjoc.19.16

• used in chemical communication. Hyperolius cinnamomeoventris, a model species, possesses a gular gland on its vocal sac that emits chemicals, and sends visual and auditory signals during calling. Previous investigations have shown that the glandular compounds are typically macrocyclic lactones. However

Solid-phase total synthesis and structural confirmation of antimicrobial longicatenamide A

• Takumi Matsumoto,
• Takefumi Kuranaga,
• Yuto Taniguchi,
• Weicheng Wang and
• Hideaki Kakeya

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2022, 18, 1560–1566, doi:10.3762/bjoc.18.166

• developed [4]. Among the isolated longicatenamides, compound 1 exhibits weak but preferential antimicrobial activity against Bacillus subtilis. Because peptides 1–4 are not detected in the monoculture broth of Streptomyces sp. KUSC_F05, they are key tools for understanding chemical communication in the

• chemical communication. The retrosynthesis of peptide 1 is displayed in Scheme 1. First, the cyclic peptide 1 was linearized by retrosynthesis, and acid-labile protecting groups were attached onto the reactive side chain. The biomimetic synthesis of cyclic peptides often enables efficient synthesis [12][13

• .18.166 Abstract Longicatenamides A–D are cyclic hexapeptides isolated from the combined culture of Streptomyces sp. KUSC_F05 and Tsukamurella pulmonis TP-B0596. Because these peptides are not detected in the monoculture broth of the actinomycete, they are key tools for understanding chemical

Synthesis of disparlure and monachalure enantiomers from 2,3-butanediacetals

• Adam Drop,
• Hubert Wojtasek and
• Bożena Frąckowiak-Wojtasek

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2020, 16, 616–620, doi:10.3762/bjoc.16.57

• recently developed by Mori and co-workers [6][7]. (2E)-trans-4,5-Epoxy-2-decenal is present in mammalian blood and may be used by predators to track their prey [8][9]. A classical example of cis-epoxides with semiochemical activity is the chemical communication system of the gypsy moth (Lymantria dispar

Non-native autoinducer analogs capable of modulating the SdiA quorum sensing receptor in Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium

• Matthew J. Styles and
• Helen E. Blackwell

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2018, 14, 2651–2664, doi:10.3762/bjoc.14.243

• to complement antibiotics, and the interception of quorum sensing (QS) in bacteria has attracted considerable attention in this regard [7][8][9]. QS, a type of intra- and interspecies chemical communication, has been found to occur in many common bacterial pathogens [10][11]. These pathogens use QS

Identification, synthesis and mass spectrometry of a macrolide from the African reed frog Hyperolius cinnamomeoventris

• Markus Menke,
• Pardha Saradhi Peram,
• Iris Starnberger,
• Walter Hödl,
• Gregory F.M. Jongsma,
• David C. Blackburn,
• Mark-Oliver Rödel,
• Miguel Vences and
• Stefan Schulz

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2016, 12, 2731–2738, doi:10.3762/bjoc.12.269

• , is usually not possible from an EI mass spectrum. In the article, we present the synthesis and for the first time elucidate the structure of macrolides from the frog family Hyperoliidae. Keywords: chemical communication; chiral gas chromatography; macrocyclic lactones; ring-closing metathesis

• ; pheromones; Introduction The lactone motif is found in many compounds that are used in chemical communication. Among them, macrocyclic lactones are an important class because of their biosynthetic availability and their inherent compound properties. During the biosynthesis of macrocyclic lactones, a fatty

Stereoselective synthesis of trans-fused iridoid lactones and their identification in the parasitoid wasp Alloxysta victrix, Part I: Dihydronepetalactones

• Nicole Zimmermann,
• Robert Hilgraf,
• Lutz Lehmann,
• Daniel Ibarra and
• Wittko Francke

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2012, 8, 1246–1255, doi:10.3762/bjoc.8.140

• synthesis; trans-fused dihydronepetalactone; Introduction The endohyperparasitoid wasp Alloxysta victrix is part of the tetratrophic system of oat plants (Avena sativa), grain aphids (Sitobion avenae), primary parasitoids (Aphidius uzbekistanicus) and hyperparasitoids (Alloxysta victrix). Chemical

• communication by volatile signals is considered to play a major role in interactions between these trophic levels, and some semiochemicals of the lower trophic levels such as oat plant and grain aphid have been identified [2][3][4]. However, there is nearly no information about the intra- and interspecific

A new phenylethyl alkyl amide from the Ambrostoma quadriimpressum Motschulsky

• Guolei Zhao,
• Chao Yang,
• Bing Li and
• Wujiong Xia

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2011, 7, 1342–1346, doi:10.3762/bjoc.7.158

• , many research efforts have concentrated on chemical communication among beetles [3][4][5][6]. Only a limited number of semiochemicals [7][8][9][10][11][12][13] are known in leaf beetles. To the best of our knowledge, fatty acid amides from terrestrial insects have not been reported so far. In addition