TiO₂ immobilized on 2D mordenite: effect of hydrolysis conditions on structural, textural, and optical characteristics of the nanocomposites

• Marina G. Shelyapina,
• Rosario Isidro Yocupicio-Gaxiola,
• Gleb A. Valkovsky and
• Vitalii Petranovskii

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 128–140, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.12

• distribution of titania over the volume, but also a somewhat higher volume content for samples obtained by hydrolysis in water. This suggests that the formation of anatase particles occurs both on the surface and in the entire accessible mesoporous volume, creating titania pillars for the mesoporous system

Orientation-dependent photonic bandgaps in gold-dust weevil scales and their titania bioreplicates

• Norma Salvadores Farran,
• Limin Wang,
• Primoz Pirih and
• Bodo D. Wilts

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1–10, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.1

• }-oriented domains exhibits polarization conversion, rotating the angle of linearly polarized light. The overall coloration, resulting from the reflections from many scales, is close to uniformly diffuse because of the random orientation of the domains. Using titania sol–gel chemistry, we produced negative

• of 1.55 to 2.00. The study suggests that the effective refractive index of titania in the 3D lattice is similar to that in sol–gel films. The study demonstrates the potential of replicating complex biophotonic structures using the sol–gel technique. Optimization of the sol–gel process could lead to

• interesting for their use as templates. The work of Galusha and colleagues demonstrated a double-imprint templating process to create a positive titania replica of beetle scales with high refractive index. This showed the effectiveness of a sol–gel process at relatively low temperature (130 °C) in replicating

Photocatalytic methane oxidation over a TiO₂/SiNWs p–n junction catalyst at room temperature

• Qui Thanh Hoai Ta,
• Luan Minh Nguyen,
• Ngoc Hoi Nguyen,
• Phan Khanh Thinh Nguyen and
• Dai Hai Nguyen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1132–1141, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.92

• recombination of charge carriers in semiconductors is a main drawback for photocatalytic oxidative coupling of methane (OCM) reactions. Herein, we propose a novel catalyst by developing a p–n junction titania–silicon nanowires (TiO2/SiNWs) heterostructure. The structure is fabricated by atomic layer deposition

Interface properties of nanostructured carbon-coated biological implants: an overview

• Mattia Bartoli,
• Francesca Cardano,
• Erik Piatti,
• Stefania Lettieri,
• Andrea Fin and
• Alberto Tagliaferro

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1041–1053, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.85

• adhesion of sulfate-reducing bacteria. Furthermore, graphene coatings can also exhibit antibacterial activity through electron transfer phenomena as reported by Yang et al. [114] for graphene coatings on titania. The authors reported that the increased electrical conductivity was due to the unpaired

Simultaneous electrochemical determination of uric acid and hypoxanthine at a TiO₂/graphene quantum dot-modified electrode

• Vu Ngoc Hoang,
• Dang Thi Ngoc Hoa,
• Nguyen Quang Man,
• Le Vu Truong Son,
• Le Van Thanh Son,
• Vo Thang Nguyen,
• Le Thi Hong Phong,
• Ly Hoang Diem,
• Kieu Chan Ly,
• Ho Sy Thang and
• Dinh Quang Khieu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 719–732, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.60

• lithium-ion storage performance of C-GQDs/α-Fe2O3 composites in lithium batteries presented excellent cyclability and rate capability [19]. Among several chemical approaches for the synthesis of titania, sol–gel processes have been commonly used for practical application. In these sol–gel methods

• has been developed to overcome the disadvantages of these precursors and to easily obtain fine titania particles with a controlled shape [23]. The synthesis of TiO2/GQDs from water-soluble titanium complexes is expected to form a homogeneous suspension that is convenient for developing modified

Exfoliation of titanium nitride using a non-thermal plasma process

• Priscila Jussiane Zambiazi,
• Dolores Ribeiro Ricci Lazar,
• Larissa Otubo,
• Rodrigo Fernando Brambilla de Souza,
• Almir Oliveira Neto and
• Cecilia Chaves Guedes-Silva

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 631–637, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.53

• ferromagnetic properties and demonstrated high visible-light photocatalytic activity when loaded onto titania nanotube arrays. Titanium nitride (TiN) has gained recognition as an advanced engineering material because of its outstanding chemical and thermal stability, extreme hardness, and electrical

Titania nanoparticles for photocatalytic degradation of ethanol under simulated solar light

• Evghenii Goncearenco,
• Iuliana P. Morjan,
• Claudiu Teodor Fleaca,
• Florian Dumitrache,
• Elena Dutu,
• Monica Scarisoreanu,
• Valentin Serban Teodorescu,
• Alexandra Sandulescu,
• Crina Anastasescu and
• Ioan Balint

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 616–630, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.51

• performance of the tested titania nanoparticles greatly differs. The TO-850-b sample exhibits the highest activity for H2 photogeneration, reaching 5 µmol H2 after 3 h of reaction. The entire sequence of TO-250-b, TO-450-b, and TO-650-b catalysts proves to have a higher activity for H2 generation than TO-250

• fluorescent compound, namely umbelliferone, was monitored with a Carry Eclipse fluorescence spectrometer, slits set to 10 nm in excitation and emission, λexc = 330 nm. The experimental procedure for photocatalytic tests started with dispersing a uniform layer of 0.01 g of titania photocatalyst nanopowder on

• from C2H5OH vapor over TiO2 under simulated solar light irradiation: (a) series “a” and (b) series “b”. Comparative H2/CO2 formation rate over titania nanopowders in ethanol vapor environments: (a) series “a” and (b) series “b”. Schematic representation of the laser pyrolysis method. Composition of the

Plasmonic nanotechnology for photothermal applications – an evaluation

• A. R. Indhu,
• L. Keerthana and
• Gnanaprakash Dharmalingam

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 380–419, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.33

Biomimetic chitosan with biocomposite nanomaterials for bone tissue repair and regeneration

• Se-Kwon Kim,
• Sesha Subramanian Murugan,
• Pandurang Appana Dalavi,
• Sebanti Gupta,
• Sukumaran Anil,
• Gi Hun Seong and
• Jayachandran Venkatesan

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1051–1067, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.92

• -hydroxybutyrate) chitosan/multiwalled carbon nanotube scaffold coated with a nanobioglass–titania scaffold on bone cell regeneration was investigated. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) examination verified the porosity of the scaffolds in the 300–700 µm range. The incorporation of chitosan into poly(3

Hierarchical Bi₂WO₆/TiO₂-nanotube composites derived from natural cellulose for visible-light photocatalytic treatment of pollutants

• Zehao Lin,
• Zhan Yang and
• Jianguo Huang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 745–762, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.66

• method for the reduction of Cr(VI) into Cr(III) due to its high efficiency, energy-saving, and nonpolluting advantages [4]. Among the various photocatalysts, traditional titania (TiO2) photocatalysts have received great attention due to their high reactivity, excellent stability, and nontoxicity [5][6][7

• obtained from the Milli-Q Advantage A 10 system (Millipore, Bedford, MA, USA), displaying a resistivity of 18.2 MΩ·cm. Preparation of Bi2WO6/TiO2-NT nanocomposites The fabrication process of cellulose-derived Bi2WO6/TiO2-NT nanocomposites is exhibited in Figure 1. Ten layers of ultrathin titania film were

• ) plane of the anatase phase titania (JCPDS No. 21-1272) [34]. The diffraction peaks in the XRD pattern of pure Bi2WO6 powder are all consistent with those of the Bi2WO6/TiO2-NT nanocomposites and assigned to the russellite phase Bi2WO6. The XRD pattern of pure TiO2-NT shows other weak peaks at 2θ = 37.8

Influence of thickness and morphology of MoS₂ on the performance of counter electrodes in dye-sensitized solar cells

• Lam Thuy Thi Mai,
• Hai Viet Le,
• Ngan Kim Thi Nguyen,
• Van La Tran Pham,
• Thu Anh Thi Nguyen,
• Nguyen Thanh Le Huynh and
• Hoang Thai Nguyen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 528–537, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.44

• , 25 μm), 18NR-T transparent titania paste (particle size of 20 nm), 18NR-AO active opaque titania paste (particle sizes of 20 and 450 nm), fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO, TEC8 glass plates, 8 Ω·cm−2, 2.2 mm thickness), and N719 industry standard dye (N719) were purchased from Dyesol (Australia). All

• photoanodes, the cleaned FTO electrodes were first pretreated by immersion in a 40 mM TiCl4 solution at 70 °C for 30 min and rinsed with distilled water and ethanol. The treated FTO electrodes were then successively coated with a transparent 18NR-T titania paste (three layers) and an active opaque 18NR-AO

• titania paste (one outer layer) by the screen-printing method using 43T mesh. The printed electrodes were dried at room temperature for 5 min, then at 120 °C for 5 min after each printed layer, and finally heated at 450 °C under airflow for 30 min. When the temperature was cooled down to 70 °C, the

Engineered titania nanomaterials in advanced clinical applications

• Padmavati Sahare,
• Paulina Govea Alvarez,
• Juan Manual Sanchez Yanez,
• Gabriel Luna-Bárcenas,
• Samik Chakraborty,
• Sujay Paul and
• Miriam Estevez

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 201–218, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.15

• systems for theranostic purposes. Titanium dioxide (titanium(IV) oxide/titania/TiO2) has garnered considerable attention as one of the most extensively studied metal oxides in clinical applications. Owing to the unique properties of titania, such as photocatalytic activity, excellent biocompatibility

• , corrosion resistance, and low toxicity, titania nanomaterials have revolutionized therapeutic approaches. Additionally, titania provides an exceptional choice for developing innovative medical devices and the integration of functional moieties that can modulate the biological responses. Thus, the current

• , and low toxicity [1]. TiO2 nanomaterials can be applied in a host of applications, including biomedical, optical, electronic, mechanical, and chemical fields, amongst other scenarios [2]. The application of titania nanomaterials in the pharmaceutical field has brought revolutionary changes by

Comprehensive review on ultrasound-responsive theranostic nanomaterials: mechanisms, structures and medical applications

• Sepand Tehrani Fateh,
• Lida Moradi,
• Elmira Kohan,
• Michael R. Hamblin and
• Amin Shiralizadeh Dezfuli

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 808–862, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.64

• (conventional and echogenic), niosomes, nanoemulsions, polymeric nanoparticles, chitosan nanocapsules, dendrimers, hydrogels, nanogels, gold nanoparticles, titania nanostructures, carbon nanostructures, mesoporous silica nanoparticles, fuel-free nano/micromotors. Keywords: smart nanomaterials; sonodynamic

Free and partially encapsulated manganese ferrite nanoparticles in multiwall carbon nanotubes

• Saja Al-Khabouri,
• Salim Al-Harthi,
• Toru Maekawa,
• Mohamed E. Elzain,
• Ashraf Al-Hinai,
• Ahmed D. Al-Rawas,
• Abbsher M. Gismelseed,
• Ali A. Yousif and
• Myo Tay Zar Myint

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1891–1904, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.170

• were attributed to an increase in the dipolar interparticle interactions due to the close packing of nanoparticles within the tubes [7]. There are several potential applications that use metal–metal oxide/CNTs hybrid systems. Carbon nanostructures decorated with titania and silica are used for the

Unravelling the interfacial interaction in mesoporous SiO₂@nickel phyllosilicate/TiO₂ core–shell nanostructures for photocatalytic activity

• Bridget K. Mutuma,
• Xiluva Mathebula,
• Isaac Nongwe,
• Bonakele P. Mtolo,
• Boitumelo J. Matsoso,
• Rudolph Erasmus,
• Zikhona Tetana and
• Neil J. Coville

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1834–1846, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.165

• nanostructures are attractive candidates for photocatalysis owing to their tunable physicochemical properties, their interfacial contact effects, and their efficacy in charge-carrier separation. This study reports, for the first time, on the synthesis of mesoporous silica@nickel phyllosilicate/titania (mSiO2

• yielded the mSiO2@NiPS/TiO2 composite. The bandgap energy of mSiO2@NiPS and of mSiO2@NiPS/TiO2 were estimated to be 2.05 and 2.68 eV, respectively, indicating the role of titania in tuning the optoelectronic properties of the SiO2@nickel phyllosilicate. As a proof of concept, the core–shell nanostructures

• [24][25]. One method to maximize the SiO2–TiO2 interaction is via the synthesis of core–shell nanostructures or nanocomposites [18][19][26][27]. Ikeda et al. [26] reported an improved photodecomposition of acetic acid by using a titania core@hollow silica shell nanostructured catalyst. Similarly, Ren

Fabrication of Ag-modified hollow titania spheres via controlled silver diffusion in Ag–TiO₂ core–shell nanostructures

• Bartosz Bartosewicz,
• Malwina Liszewska,
• Bogusław Budner,
• Marta Michalska-Domańska,
• Krzysztof Kopczyński and
• Bartłomiej J. Jankiewicz

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 141–146, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.12

• growing number of applications in many fields, including catalysis and solar cells. Hence, a simple fabrication method with a low number of simple steps is desired, which would allow for good control over the structural features and physicochemical properties of titania hollow spheres modified with noble

• metal nanoparticles. A simple method employing sol–gel coating of nanoparticles with titania followed by controlled silver diffusion was developed and applied for the synthesis of Ag-modified hollow TiO2 spheres. The morphology of the synthesized structures and their chemical composition was

• fabrication step. The synthesized nanostructures exhibit a broadband optical absorption in the UV–vis range. Keywords: core–shell nanostructures; hollow spheres; silver diffusion; silver-modified titanium dioxide; titania; Findings In recent years, nanometer- to micrometer-sized inorganic hollow spheres

Synthesis of highly active ETS-10-based titanosilicate for heterogeneously catalyzed transesterification of triglycerides

• Muhammad A. Zaheer,
• David Poppitz,
• Khavar Feyzullayeva,
• Marianne Wenzel,
• Jörg Matysik,
• Radomir Ljupkovic,
• Aleksandra Zarubica,
• Alexander A. Karavaev,
• Andreas Pöppl,
• Roger Gläser and
• Muslim Dvoyashkin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2039–2061, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.200

• solution was prepared by dilution of the 9.8 mL aqueous solution of 51–55 wt % Na2SiO3 with 45.2 mL of DDW in a 250 mL flask. An aqueous solution of NaCl (3.4 g of NaCl dissolved in 10.0 mL of DDW) was subsequently added into the flask with the silica-containing solution in it. A titania-containing

• solution was prepared by dissolving 5.4 mL TIP and 3.0 mL HCl in 12.6 mL DDW in a 100 mL flask. Both the silica- and titania-containing solutions were prepared under vigorous stirring for 2 h at room temperature. The prepared titania-containing solution was then added dropwise using a pipette into the

• solution was further added into 87.5 mL of the titania/silica-containing solution. The resulting molar composition of the obtained 90 mL solution is the following SiO2/TiO2/HCl/Na2O/NaCl/KF/H2O = 5.56:1:1.94:2.64:3.22:0.09:216. The solution was then further aged for 16 h in a flask at room temperature for

Novel hollow titanium dioxide nanospheres with antimicrobial activity against resistant bacteria

• Carol López de Dicastillo,
• Cristian Patiño,
• María José Galotto,
• Yesseny Vásquez-Martínez,
• Claudia Torrent,
• Daniela Alburquenque,
• Alejandro Pereira and
• Juan Escrig

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1716–1725, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.167

• , alumina coated and alumina–titania double-coated particles. The alumina deposition maintained the initial white color of the collected electrosprayed spheres, while the TiO2 deposition acquired a dark bluish color. This change may be related to the number of deposition cycles that produced an optical

• were (0.16 ± 0.02)% and (23.41 ± 0.47)% with respect to the polymer weight, respectively. The deposition of titania, when compared to our previous work, confirmed that the deposition onto the PVP polymer and polyvinyl alcohol presented a similar rate and it was mainly dependent on the number of cycles

• thin layer of alumina prior to the titania deposition to physically stabilize these low weight particles. Although previous works have demonstrated the successful deposition of metal oxides on nanofibers, the morphological change to spherical particles entailed a more difficult deposition process that

Kelvin probe force microscopy work function characterization of transition metal oxide crystals under ongoing reduction and oxidation

• Dominik Wrana,
• Karol Cieślik,
• Wojciech Belza,
• Christian Rodenbücher,
• Krzysztof Szot and
• Franciszek Krok

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1596–1607, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.155

• catalytic activity of the TiO surface, which was previously postulated in the case of TiO/TiO2 nanoparticles [44]. Reduced titania TiO1.23 proves also to be a promising candidate for electrochemical water splitting [50]. As the catalytic activity of a crystalline rock-salt TiO phase has yet to be studied

Photoactive nanoarchitectures based on clays incorporating TiO₂ and ZnO nanoparticles

• Eduardo Ruiz-Hitzky,
• Pilar Aranda,
• Marwa Akkari,
• Nithima Khaorapapong and
• Makoto Ogawa

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1140–1156, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.114

• is about 3–15 nm in the macropores of the clay, which corresponds to the central hole in HNTs, leading to the blockage of the lumen. The particle size of titania NPs homogeneously deposited on the external surface of palygorskite fibrous clay was 10–30 nm as detected by SEM [114]. In another example

• represents an additional improvement of the photoactivity tuning of semiconductor–clay nanoarchitectures. For instance, tris(2,2′-bipyridine)ruthenium(II) has been used as photosensitizer for titania, being further applied to TiO2@clay nanoarchitectures. In this way, a synthetic saponite containing tris(2,2

• (G) montmorillonite and (H) sepiolite clay minerals. TEM images of (A) ZnO NPs on montmorillonite with nanocrystal aggregation; reprinted with permission from [85], copyright 2004 American Chemical Society; (B) TiO2@HNTs nanoarchitecture showing the titania NP assembled inside the lumen of the

On the transformation of “zincone”-like into porous ZnO thin films from sub-saturated plasma enhanced atomic layer deposition

• Alberto Perrotta,
• Julian Pilz,
• Stefan Pachmajer,
• Antonella Milella and
• Anna Maria Coclite

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 746–759, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.74

• . In the literature, (ultra-)thin porous alumina [7][25][26][27][28][29] and titania [12][30][31][32][33] are the most widely studied systems obtained from MLD metal alkoxides, and recently, vanadium-based materials were also investigated [18][34]. The porous thin films were applied as functional

• an inhibition of the crystal formation in the resulting TiO2 layers, and the authors attributed this to the amorphous titania being constrained in the organic matrix. As a consequence, an investigation of the crystallinity of Zn-alkoxide layers would shed a light on the evolution of the ZnO crystals

Mo-doped boron nitride monolayer as a promising single-atom electrocatalyst for CO₂ conversion

• Qianyi Cui,
• Gangqiang Qin,
• Weihua Wang,
• Lixiang Sun,
• Aijun Du and
• Qiao Sun

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 540–548, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.55

• of CO2 to CH4 is 0.64 and 0.77 eV [9]. In addition, the performance of Mo-doped BN is comparable to or even better than some catalysts composed of noble metals, such as titania-modified silver (0.47 eV) [48], and osmium and ruthenium atom doped graphene (0.52 eV) [26]. The Mo-doped BN monolayer

Widening of the electroactivity potential range by composite formation – capacitive properties of TiO₂/BiVO₄/PEDOT:PSS electrodes in contact with an aqueous electrolyte

• Konrad Trzciński,
• Mariusz Szkoda,
• Andrzej P. Nowak,
• Marcin Łapiński and
• Anna Lisowska-Oleksiak

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 483–493, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.49

• , Poland 10.3762/bjnano.10.49 Abstract Composites based on the titania nanotubes were tested in aqueous electrolyte as a potential electrode material for energy storage devices. The nanotubular morphology of TiO2 was obtained by Ti anodization. TiO2 nanotubes were covered by a thin layer of bismuth

• . Capacitance values higher than 10 mF·cm−2 were maintained even after 10000 galvanostatic cycles (ic = ia = 0.5 mA·cm−2). Keywords: bismuth vanadate (BiVO4); electrochemical activity; PEDOT:PSS; supercapacitors; titania nanotubes; Introduction Energy-storage technologies and sustainable energy production are

• surface of conjugated polymers [25]. In this study, we modified the surface layer of titania nanotubes and tested it as a potential electrode material for energy storage devices. The enhancement of pseudocapacitance, and the extension of the electroactivity range are the goals of this research. A

Nanocomposite–parylene C thin films with high dielectric constant and low losses for future organic electronic devices

• Marwa Mokni,
• Gianluigi Maggioni,
• Abdelkader Kahouli,
• Sara M. Carturan,
• Walter Raniero and
• Alain Sylvestre

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 428–441, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.42

• greatly improved mechanical properties and thermal stability in comparison to pure PPXC films [48]. In a recent study, these properties, and especially thermal and UV stability, were further improved by combining nanosilica/titania particles with parylene C [49]. As shown in other works [50][51], parylene

One-step nonhydrolytic sol–gel synthesis of mesoporous TiO₂ phosphonate hybrid materials

• Yanhui Wang,
• P. Hubert Mutin and
• Johan G. Alauzun

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 356–362, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.35

• ., mesoporous materials) [20][21][22][23][24]. Several NHSG routes have also been used to prepare Class II hybrids. For instance the alkyl elimination route was applied to the synthesis of organosilsesquioxanes, organosilsesquioxane–metal oxide hybrids [25][26][27], silica–titania modified by organosilicon