Bio-imaging with the helium-ion microscope: A review

• Matthias Schmidt,
• James M. Byrne and
• Ilari J. Maasilta

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 1–23, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.1

• 2017 when Leppänen et al. used the technique to image T4 bacteriophages infecting Escherichia coli bacteria for the first time [17]. Images of a phage-infected bacterium in a sample from the environment was then presented by Sharma et al. in the following year [18]. The possibility to image the

• Bdellovibrio and prey, for example, Escherichia coli, and stopped the experiment by chemical fixation at specific points during incubation. This allowed for the study of the attachment of the predator to its prey, followed by penetration of the membrane, and the entering into the cytoplasm. After that, the

Antimicrobial metal-based nanoparticles: a review on their synthesis, types and antimicrobial action

• Matías Guerrero Correa,
• Fernanda B. Martínez,
• Cristian Patiño Vidal,
• Camilo Streitt,
• Juan Escrig and
• Carol Lopez de Dicastillo

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1450–1469, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.129

• Aspergillus tamarri and AgNO3. The resulting Ag NPs showed a potential antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans and Staphylococcus aureus [100]. Spherical Ag NPs, with a diameter of 16 nm, showed antibacterial properties against the human pathogens Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa [101

• (synthesized by using the Papaya carica latex extract as the reducing agent) against different pathogenic bacteria, such as Bacillus subtilis, Enterococcus faecalis, Escherichia coli, Vibrio cholerae, Klebsiella pneumonia, and Proteus mirabilis the agar diffusion method was specifically modified. The

• minimize the oxidative damage. In addition, microorganisms can modify metabolic routes and redirect resources to repair and reinforce damaged structures, such as the cell membrane or the DNA itself, through the overexpression of genes related to those functions. In Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas putida

Gram-scale synthesis of splat-shaped Ag–TiO₂ nanocomposites for enhanced antimicrobial properties

• Mohammad Jaber,
• Asim Mushtaq,
• Kebiao Zhang,
• Jindan Wu,
• Dandan Luo,
• Zihan Yi,
• M. Zubair Iqbal and
• Xiangdong Kong

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1119–1125, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.96

• –TiO2 NCs was tested against the Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and Gram-negative Escherichia coli (E. coli) bacterial strains. The Ag–TiO2 NCs exhibited promising and superior antibacterial properties compared to TiO2 nanospheres as confirmed by the bacterial growth and inhibition zone

• Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) (ATCC 6538) and Gram-negative Escherichia coli (E. coli) (ATCC 8099) were obtained from the Shanghai Amoy Strain Biotechnology Co. (Shanghai, China). The disc diffusion method was applied to check the antibacterial activity of the prepared pure TiO2 NPs

Silver-decorated gel-shell nanobeads: physicochemical characterization and evaluation of antibacterial properties

• Marta Bartel,
• Katarzyna Markowska,
• Marcin Strawski,
• Krystyna Wolska and
• Maciej Mazur

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 620–630, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.49

• whole structure. The silver-decorated nanobeads appear to be a promising material with considerable antimicrobial activity and were tested against Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis. The determined minimum inhibitory (MIC) and minimum biofilm

• inhibitory (MBIC) concentrations are comparable to those of non-incorporated silver nanoparticles. Keywords: Escherichia coli; gel-shell particles; minimum biofilm inhibitory concentration (MBIC); minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC); nanocomposites; Pseudomonas aeruginosa; silver nanoparticles

• incorporation of [Ag(NH3)2]+ complexes, followed by the reduction of the silver precursor with polyvinylpyrrolidone [23]. The resulting composite was examined with regard to its antimicrobial properties against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus bacteria. Similarly, Liao et al. obtained polystyrene

Facile biogenic fabrication of hydroxyapatite nanorods using cuttlefish bone and their bactericidal and biocompatibility study

• Satheeshkumar Balu,
• Manisha Vidyavathy Sundaradoss,
• Swetha Andra and
• Jaison Jeevanandam

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 285–295, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.21

• confirm the presence of nanorods and to evaluate their physicochemical properties. Furthermore, in vitro antimicrobial studies with gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus) and gram-negative (Escherichia coli) bacteria, in addition to hemolysis studies with healthy human blood were performed to evaluate the

Molecular architectonics of DNA for functional nanoarchitectures

• Debasis Ghosh,
• Lakshmi P. Datta and
• Thimmaiah Govindaraju

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 124–140, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.11

• transfection of plasmid DNA [80]. The dipicolinamide molecules acted as an anion (phosphate) binder and exhibited channel forming properties, thereby becoming an efficient biomaterial for the binding and delivery of cargo DNA. Escherichia coli was chosen as representative bacterium for transfection studies

Biocatalytic oligomerization-induced self-assembly of crystalline cellulose oligomers into nanoribbon networks assisted by organic solvents

• Yuuki Hata,
• Yuka Fukaya,
• Toshiki Sawada,
• Masahito Nishiura and
• Takeshi Serizawa

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1778–1788, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.173

• throughout all experiments. CDP-catalyzed oligomerization reaction CDP from Clostridium thermocellum YM4 was prepared using a genetically engineered Escherichia coli according to a previous report [31]. For the synthesis of cellulose oligomers with organic solvents, αG1P monomer (0.2 M) and ᴅ-glucose primer

Novel hollow titanium dioxide nanospheres with antimicrobial activity against resistant bacteria

• Carol López de Dicastillo,
• Cristian Patiño,
• María José Galotto,
• Yesseny Vásquez-Martínez,
• Claudia Torrent,
• Daniela Alburquenque,
• Alejandro Pereira and
• Juan Escrig

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1716–1725, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.167

• 622-4) and Escherichia coli (control strain ATCC®25922TM and resistant strain E. coli 33.1). When the analysis was done using control strains, the results in Table 1 indicate that CSTiO2 presented an improved antibacterial activity against S. aureus and a similar activity against E. coli in comparison

• and 97-7, and one clinical isolate of Escherichia coli 33.1 were kindly donated by Dr. Marcela Wilkens from Universidad de Santiago de Chile (Chile). Control strains, S. aureus ATCC6538 and E. coli ATCC25922, were also used and provided from the same source. A UV-A lamp bulb with 15 W from Philips

New micro/mesoporous nanocomposite material from low-cost sources for the efficient removal of aromatic and pathogenic pollutants from water

• Emmanuel I. Unuabonah,
• Robert Nöske,
• Jens Weber,
• Christina Günter and
• Andreas Taubert

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 119–131, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.11

• problem is expected to persist in the coming decades if not quickly addressed [6]. For example, the Escherichia coli (E. coli) O157:H7 strain causes diarrhea, hemorrhagic colitis, and hemolytic uremic syndrome [7] with serious consequences for the infected individuals. Unfortunately, many pathogens have

• -nitrophenol in aqueous solution below the World Health Organization’s drinking water equivalent level (DWEL) of 0.3 mg/L [49], 1 kg of 2Z-HYCA@650 °C will be required for ≈10 h 20 min and will treat 2.49 m3 of water per day. Removal of Escherichia coli Figure 10A shows that 0.5 g of 2Z-HYCA@650 °C essentially

• eliminates Escherichia coli (E. coli) completely from water, which was initially spiked with E. coli (at 103 cfu/mL), within 75 min. After 75 min, the amount of E. coli in the treated water increased with time. In contrast, the regular HYCA material [1] can also remove E. coli from the same solutions but

Low cost tips for tip-enhanced Raman spectroscopy fabricated by two-step electrochemical etching of 125 µm diameter gold wires

• Antonino Foti,
• Francesco Barreca,
• Enza Fazio,
• Cristiano D’Andrea,
• Paolo Matteini,
• Onofrio Maria Maragò and
• Pietro Giuseppe Gucciardi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2718–2729, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.254

• removed from the near-field region of the sample, just excluding the feedback loop of the STM system. Vibrational bands of all molecules agree with the literature [60][61][62][63]. We finally apply our tips to obtain TERS spectra from the N-terminal domain of the Escherichia coli protein HypF (HypF-N

Fabrication of photothermally active poly(vinyl alcohol) films with gold nanostars for antibacterial applications

• Mykola Borzenkov,
• Maria Moros,
• Claudia Tortiglione,
• Serena Bertoldi,
• Nicola Contessi,
• Silvia Faré,
• Angelo Taglietti,
• Agnese D’Agostino,
• Piersandro Pallavicini,
• Maddalena Collini and
• Giuseppe Chirico

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2040–2048, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.193

• possibility that the photothermal properties of engineered PVA-GNS films may be used for antibacterial purposes, Escherichia coli (DH5-alpha strain) were inoculated onto PVA without GNSs (as control) and PVA-GNS films, and then exposed to NIR laser irradiation (using the second NIR window). The detailed

• antibacterial effect upon NIR irradiation As a Gram-negative model bacteria, Escherichia coli DH5-alpha were selected. A single bacterial colony was grown in LB broth medium under shaking (180 rpm) at 37 °C for 15 h. The bacteria concentration was calculated by spectrophotometric measurement (SmartSpec Plus

Noble metal-modified titania with visible-light activity for the decomposition of microorganisms

• Maya Endo,
• Zhishun Wei,
• Kunlei Wang,
• Baris Karabiyik,
• Kenta Yoshiiri,
• Paulina Rokicka,
• Bunsho Ohtani,
• Agata Markowska-Szczupak and
• Ewa Kowalska

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 829–841, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.77

• oxidized (shell) forms, whereas gold was mainly zero valent. The obtained noble metal-modified samples were examined with regard to antibacterial (Escherichia coli (E. coli)) and antifungal (Aspergillus niger (A. niger), Aspergillus melleus (A. melleus), Penicillium chrysogenum (P. chrysogenum), Candida

BN/Ag hybrid nanomaterials with petal-like surfaces as catalysts and antibacterial agents

• Konstantin L. Firestein,
• Denis V. Leybo,
• Alexander E. Steinman,
• Andrey M. Kovalskii,
• Andrei T. Matveev,
• Anton M. Manakhov,
• Irina V. Sukhorukova,
• Pavel V. Slukin,
• Nadezda K. Fursova,
• Sergey G. Ignatov,
• Dmitri V. Golberg and
• Dmitry V. Shtansky

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 250–261, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.27

• the CVD method. The best catalytic characteristics (100% methanol conversion at 350 °C) were achieved using the UV BN/Ag HNMs without preliminary annealing at 600 °C in an oxidizing atmosphere. Both types of the BN/Ag HNMs possess a profound antibacterial effect against Escherichia coli K-261 bacteria

• . Antibacterial activity The antibacterial activity of BN/Ag HNMs was studied against Escherichia coli K-261 bacteria. The bacterial culture was cultivated on solid nutrient Müller-Hinton Agar (MHA) or in nutrient broth. For primary screening, we used the cap-plate method (agar diffusion test). Bacterial

Evaluating the toxicity of TiO₂-based nanoparticles to Chinese hamster ovary cells and Escherichia coli: a complementary experimental and computational approach

• Alicja Mikolajczyk,
• Natalia Sizochenko,
• Ewa Mulkiewicz,
• Anna Malankowska,
• Michal Nischk,
• Przemyslaw Jurczak,
• Seishiro Hirano,
• Grzegorz Nowaczyk,
• Adriana Zaleska-Medynska,
• Jerzy Leszczynski,
• Agnieszka Gajewicz and
• Tomasz Puzyn

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2171–2180, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.216

• nanoparticles, to model their quantitative nanostructure–toxicity relationships and to reveal the toxicity mechanism. In this context, toxicity tests for surface-modified TiO2-based nanoparticles were performed in vitro, using Gram-negative bacteria Escherichia coli and Chinese hamster ovary (CHO-K1) cells. The

• -generation nanoparticles using the combination of experimental and computational techniques. Here, we present the quantitative description of adverse effects of modified titania nanomaterials towards Chinese hamster ovary (CHO-K1) cells and Gram-negative bacteria Escherichia coli. Results and Discussion

• antibacterial activity of studied nanomaterials was evaluated using Gram-negative bacteria Escherichia coli (NBRC 3972, NITE Biological Resource Center). Two methods were employed: MIC (minimal inhibitory concentration) determination and agar diffusion test. Minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) MIC was

Reconstitution of the membrane protein OmpF into biomimetic block copolymer–phospholipid hybrid membranes

• Matthias Bieligmeyer,
• Franjo Artukovic,
• Stephan Nussberger,
• Thomas Hirth,
• Thomas Schiestel and
• Michaela Müller

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 881–892, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.80

• -isoprene-block-ethylene oxide) block copolymers blended with 1,2-diphytanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine. By reconstituting the outer membrane protein OmpF from Escherichia coli into these membranes, we demonstrate functionality of this protein in biomimetic lipopolymer membranes, independent of the

• been assessed yet [46][47]. In the present work, we studied the reconstitution of OmpF from Escherichia coli into biomimetic lipopolymer membranes, generated by self-assembly of amphiphilic poly(1,4-isoprene-block-ethylene oxide) block copolymers (PIPEO) and 1,2-diphytanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine

• . Isolation of OmpF Native OmpF protein was purified from Escherichia coli strain BE BL21(DE3)omp6 [9], lacking both LamB and OmpC [6][10]. Briefly, cells from a one liter culture were resuspended in 50 mM Tris-HCl buffer (pH 7.5) containing 2 mM MgCl2 and DNAse and broken by passing through a French press

Antibacterial activity of silver nanoparticles obtained by pulsed laser ablation in pure water and in chloride solution

• Brunella Perito,
• Emilia Giorgetti,
• Paolo Marsili and
• Maurizio Muniz-Miranda

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 465–473, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.40

• Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis as references for Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria, respectively. In all cases, AgNPs with an average diameter less than 10 nm were obtained, which has been shown in previous works to be the most effective size for bactericidal activity. The measured zeta

• water or in aqueous solutions of LiCl using a 1064 nm ablation wavelength. Then, the obtained AgNPs were characterized and tested for antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis as references for Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria, respectively. Results AgNP

• zeta-potential values are the standard deviation of the mean value, as obtained by the software supplied with the Malvern instrument. Bacterial strains and growth conditions The Escherichia coli strain XL1Blue (Stratagene, La Jolla, CA, USA) and the Bacillus subtilis strain 168 [42] were used to test

NanoE-Tox: New and in-depth database concerning ecotoxicity of nanomaterials

• Katre Juganson,
• Angela Ivask,
• Irina Blinova,
• Monika Mortimer and
• Anne Kahru

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 1788–1804, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.183

• selected ENMs is available for 116 different test species (Table S5). Most of the experiments have been performed with water flea Daphnia magna (337 entries), followed by bacterium Escherichia coli (120 entries), unicellular alga Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata (107 entries), fish Danio rerio (66 entries

• FeOx NPs to fish. Interestingly, toxicity tests with plants have been conducted with all 8 NPs. While relatively many studies have been performed with bacteria, the majority of them consider the effects towards potentially pathogenic bacterial strains, e.g., Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae

Nanobioarchitectures based on chlorophyll photopigment, artificial lipid bilayers and carbon nanotubes

• Marcela Elisabeta Barbinta-Patrascu,
• Stefan Marian Iordache,
• Ana Maria Iordache,
• Nicoleta Badea and
• Camelia Ungureanu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 2316–2325, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.240

• radical scavenging ability (affording an antioxidant activity of 73.25%) and enhanced biocidal ability, offering inhibition zones of 12.4, 11.3 and 10.2 mm in diameter, against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Enterococcus faecalis, respectively. Keywords: antibacterial activity; antioxidant

• Sigma-Aldrich (Germany). The antimicrobial activity was tested against human pathogenic bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus ATTC 25923, Escherichia coli ATCC 8738, and Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 29212. The bacterial strains were grown in Luria Bertani Agar (LBA) plates at 37 °C with the following

• -negative bacteria from the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC). In the present study three bacterial strains were used for the antibacterial assay: Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 6538), Enterococcus faecalis (ATCC 29212) and Escherichia coli (ATCC 8738). The microorganisms used in this study were selected

Carbon nano-onions (multi-layer fullerenes): chemistry and applications

• Juergen Bartelmess and
• Silvia Giordani

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 1980–1998, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.207

• , Escherichia coli and Caenorhabditis elegans [17][51]. In both studies, no toxic effects of the water-soluble CNOs on the investigated organisms were observed. We recently reported the weak inflammatory potential and low cytotoxicity in vitro and in vivo of CNOs and their ability to be up-taken by antigen

Carbon-based smart nanomaterials in biomedicine and neuroengineering

• Antonina M. Monaco and
• Michele Giugliano

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 1849–1863, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.196

• anticancer drugs and preserving their activity under biological conditions [81][82][83][84]. The affinity of NDs for protein adsorption has been finally utilised to separate recombinant proteins from Escherichia coli [85], resulting not only in a radically faster process than the commonly used purification

Biocalcite, a multifunctional inorganic polymer: Building block for calcareous sponge spicules and bioseed for the synthesis of calcium phosphate-based bone

• Xiaohong Wang,
• Heinz C. Schröder and
• Werner E. G. Müller

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 610–621, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.72

• , raised against the Sycon CA. The immunocomplexes were stained with Cy5-labelled anti-rabbit IgG. (C) Formation of CaCO3 in the ammonium carbonate diffusion assay in the presence of CA. For this series of experiments the recombinant human CA2 enzyme, expressed in Escherichia coli (C6624, Sigma), with a

Artificial sunlight and ultraviolet light induced photo-epoxidation of propylene over V-Ti/MCM-41 photocatalyst

• Van-Huy Nguyen,
• Shawn D. Lin,
• Jeffrey Chi-Sheng Wu and
• Hsunling Bai

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 566–576, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.67

• photocatalytic reactions is a common phenomenon, which has been observed in, e.g., the photo-degradation of gaseous formaldehyde [2], dye [3][4][5] and polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins [6], and the disinfection of Escherichia coli [7][8][9]. How the light energy can be effectively utilized in a heterogeneous

Photocatalytic antibacterial performance of TiO₂ and Ag-doped TiO₂ against S. aureus. P. aeruginosa and E. coli

• Kiran Gupta,
• R. P. Singh,
• Ashutosh Pandey and
• Anjana Pandey

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2013, 4, 345–351, doi:10.3762/bjnano.4.40

• aeruginosa, Escherichia coli) bacteria. As a result, the viability of all three microorganisms was reduced to zero at 60 mg/30 mL culture in the case of both (3% and 7% doping) concentrations of Ag-doped TiO2 nanoparticles. Annealed TiO2 showed zero viability at 80 mg/30 mL whereas doped Ag-TiO2 7% showed

• investigated against Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), and Gram-negative Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) and Escherichia coli (E. coli) bacteria under visible light. Results and Discussion XRD of TiO2 and Ag-doped TiO2 The samples were annealed at 450 °C to achieve crystallization in TiO2

Electrospinning preparation and electrical and biological properties of ferrocene/poly(vinylpyrrolidone) composite nanofibers

• Ji-Hong Chai and
• Qing-Sheng Wu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2013, 4, 189–197, doi:10.3762/bjnano.4.19

• PVP nanofibers. X-ray diffraction (XRD) results showed that the crystalline structure of Fc in the fibers was amorphous after the electrospinning process. A biological evaluation of the antimicrobial activity of Fc/PVP nanofibers was carried out by using Gram-negative Escherichia coli (E. coli) as

Paper modified with ZnO nanorods – antimicrobial studies

• Mayuree Jaisai,
• Sunandan Baruah and
• Joydeep Dutta

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2012, 3, 684–691, doi:10.3762/bjnano.3.78

• three model microbes, Gram-positive bacteria Staphylococcus aureus, Gram-negative bacteria Escherichia coli and common airborne fungus Aspergillus niger. No viable bacterial colonies or fungal spores could be detected in the areas surrounding test samples of the antimicrobial paper. Gram-negative

• bacteria Escherichia coli were found to be inhibited in an area that is 239% and 163% the area of the paper sample under different room lighting conditions, i.e., halogen and fluorescent lamp illumination, respectively. For Gram-positive bacteria Staphylococcus aureus the zones of inhibition surrounding

• ) nanoparticles embedded into a paper matrix have been reported as exhibiting antibacterial properties [4]. Wallpaper prepared by using zinc oxide nanoparticle (~20 nm) coatings has been reported to render antibacterial surfaces that inhibit growth of bacteria such as Escherichia coli (E. coli) [5]. An increase