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Search for "SnO2" in Full Text gives 76 result(s) in Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnology.

High-temperature resistive gas sensors based on ZnO/SiC nanocomposites

  • Vadim B. Platonov,
  • Marina N. Rumyantseva,
  • Alexander S. Frolov,
  • Alexey D. Yapryntsev and
  • Alexander M. Gaskov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1537–1547, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.151

Graphical Abstract
  • oxides, such as SnO2, ZnO, WO3, and In2O3, that have been widely used in resistive gas sensors cannot be applied directly, primarily due to the drift of the sensor parameters at temperatures above 500 °C. The stability of nanostructured semiconductor oxides at high temperature can be enhanced by creating
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Published 26 Jul 2019

Rapid thermal annealing for high-quality ITO thin films deposited by radio-frequency magnetron sputtering

  • Petronela Prepelita,
  • Ionel Stavarache,
  • Doina Craciun,
  • Florin Garoi,
  • Catalin Negrila,
  • Beatrice Gabriela Sbarcea and
  • Valentin Craciun

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1511–1522, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.149

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  • toward a lower value, which is most likely due to changes in morphology of the samples. There are structural changes induced by incorporation of SnO2 into the In2O3 matrix, most probably by substitution of In ions with Sn and formation of the ITO compound. Noteworthy, this treatment also favors a low
  • exhibited a different electrical charge, so it is reasonable to assume that the associated binding energies are slightly higher. The amount of oxides decreases in the treated samples as compared to untreated ones (Table 3). Separate phases of In2O3 and SnO2, respectively, are observed in all studied samples
  • stable on the surface of the samples after the application of RTA. Note that XRD did not reveal the presence of a characteristic phase for In2O3 or SnO2, but only the ITO phase. The study of the optical properties and, in particular, the absorption of light in transparent ultra-thin oxide films is of
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Published 25 Jul 2019

Hierarchically structured 3D carbon nanotube electrodes for electrocatalytic applications

  • Pei Wang,
  • Katarzyna Kulp and
  • Michael Bron

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1475–1487, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.146

Graphical Abstract
  • to solve these issues are focused on the optimization of the catalyst, such as alloying Pt with a second metal such as Ni, Ru and Pd [20][21][22][23][24] or using Pt-metal oxide composites such as Pt/SnO2 and Pt/CeO2 [24][25][26][27][28]. Additionally, a variety of catalyst preparation methods, e.g
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Published 24 Jul 2019

Growth of lithium hydride thin films from solutions: Towards solution atomic layer deposition of lithiated films

  • Ivan Kundrata,
  • Karol Fröhlich,
  • Lubomír Vančo,
  • Matej Mičušík and
  • Julien Bachmann

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1443–1451, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.142

Graphical Abstract
  • , especially when combined with substrates of high surface area, which allow for increased capacity values. One such example is the V2O5–SnO2 nanobattery [6] grown on anodized alumina. ALD can also deposit lithiated films, using precursors such as Li(thd), lithium tert-butoxide, and lithium
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Published 18 Jul 2019

Gas sensing properties of individual SnO2 nanowires and SnO2 sol–gel nanocomposites

  • Alexey V. Shaposhnik,
  • Dmitry A. Shaposhnik,
  • Sergey Yu. Turishchev,
  • Olga A. Chuvenkova,
  • Stanislav V. Ryabtsev,
  • Alexey A. Vasiliev,
  • Xavier Vilanova,
  • Francisco Hernandez-Ramirez and
  • Joan R. Morante

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1380–1390, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.136

Graphical Abstract
  • nanowire synthesis was developed and reported in detail in the classic work of R. Wagner and W. Ellis [1]. Recently, with the use of this method, SnO2, In2O3, WO3, ZnO and other metal oxide nanowires were obtained [1][2][3][4][5]. Liquid phase synthesis methods have also been widely implemented [6][7][8][9
  • show high sensitivity [10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20]. Hierarchical structures with SnO2 nanowires covered with additional nanoscale objects can be used for the improvement of electrical contacts [11][16][17]. A second direction in nanowire sensor development is the manufacturing of
  • Virgili (Tarragona, Spain). The preliminary results concerning this publication were discussed at Eurosensors conferences [32][33]. The present work presents a comparative study of the material properties of SnO2 devices prepared by different methods and by using ammonia as a reference gas for the
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Published 08 Jul 2019

Concurrent nanoscale surface etching and SnO2 loading of carbon fibers for vanadium ion redox enhancement

  • Jun Maruyama,
  • Shohei Maruyama,
  • Tomoko Fukuhara,
  • Toru Nagaoka and
  • Kei Hanafusa

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 985–992, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.99

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  • single heat-treatment step. The subsequent thermal oxidation concurrently achieved nanoscale surface etching and loading with SnO2 nanoparticles. The nanoscale-etched and SnO2-loaded surface was characterized by field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), Raman spectroscopy, and X-ray
  • -oxide nanoparticles to further enhance the activity and found that through the thermal oxidation of the carbonaceous thin film derived from SnPc both types of enhancement can be concurrently achieved. The formed metal oxide, SnO2, is one of the candidates for a durable catalyst support used in an acidic
  • electrolyte [19]; thus, is assumed to also be stable in the RFB environment. The activity for both the positive and negative electrode reactions of a VRFB were clearly enhanced at the finely etched and SnO2-loaded carbon-fiber electrode and a stable performance was demonstrated by full cell cycle tests
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Published 30 Apr 2019

Trapping polysulfide on two-dimensional molybdenum disulfide for Li–S batteries through phase selection with optimized binding

  • Sha Dong,
  • Xiaoli Sun and
  • Zhiguo Wang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 774–780, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.77

Graphical Abstract
  • composed of 1T'-phases and 2H-phases [33]. The composites of 1T'-MoS2 with other active materials, such as graphene [34], carbon nanotubes [35], Mxene [36], and SnO2 [37], have received much attention regarding the use as cathodes for Li–S batteries. The electrochemical performance including the capacity
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Published 26 Mar 2019

Sub-wavelength waveguide properties of 1D and surface-functionalized SnO2 nanostructures of various morphologies

  • Venkataramana Bonu,
  • Binaya Kumar Sahu,
  • Arindam Das,
  • Sankarakumar Amirthapandian,
  • Sandip Dhara and
  • Harish C. Barshilia

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 379–388, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.37

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  • Laboratories, Bangalore 560017, India Materials Physics Division, Indira Gandhi Center for Atomic Research, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Kalpakkam 603102, India 10.3762/bjnano.10.37 Abstract One-dimensional (1D) SnO2 sub-wavelength waveguides are a critical contribution to advanced optoelectronics. Further
  • understanding of the surface defects and role of morphology in 1D SnO2 nanowires can help to better utilize these nanostructures more efficiently. For this purpose, three different nanowires (NWs), namely belts, cylindrical- and square-shaped structures were grown using SnO2 quantum dots as a precursor material
  • behavior was also demonstrated in tapered and surface-functionalized SnO2 NWs. While the tapered waveguide can allow for easy focusing of light, the simple surface chemistry offers selective light propagation by tuning the luminescence. Defect-related PL in NWs is studied using temperature-dependent
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Published 07 Feb 2019

Uniform Sb2S3 optical coatings by chemical spray method

  • Jako S. Eensalu,
  • Atanas Katerski,
  • Erki Kärber,
  • Ilona Oja Acik,
  • Arvo Mere and
  • Malle Krunks

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 198–210, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.18

Graphical Abstract
  • ]. The crystallites oriented along the (2 0 1) plane were 24 nm in size in Sb2S3 layers grown on SnO2/F (FTO) coated glass substrates via thermal evaporation [27]. The crystallite size was 52 nm along the (3 0 1) plane in Sb2S3 layers grown on glass substrates at 250 °C via spray pyrolysis [28], similar
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Published 15 Jan 2019

Nanoporous water oxidation electrodes with a low loading of laser-deposited Ru/C exhibit enhanced corrosion stability

  • Sandra Haschke,
  • Dmitrii Pankin,
  • Vladimir Mikhailovskii,
  • Maïssa K. S. Barr,
  • Adriana Both-Engel,
  • Alina Manshina and
  • Julien Bachmann

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 157–167, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.15

Graphical Abstract
  • and Co [22]). Another approach entails increasing the specific surface area, which allows one to generate current at lower overpotential, for example by supporting RuO2 nanoparticles on siliceous mesoporous materials [23][24][25][26], with mesoporous RuO2 [27], or with RuO2 supported on Sb-doped SnO2
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Published 11 Jan 2019

Zn/F-doped tin oxide nanoparticles synthesized by laser pyrolysis: structural and optical properties

  • Florian Dumitrache,
  • Iuliana P. Morjan,
  • Elena Dutu,
  • Ion Morjan,
  • Claudiu Teodor Fleaca,
  • Monica Scarisoreanu,
  • Alina Ilie,
  • Marius Dumitru,
  • Cristian Mihailescu,
  • Adriana Smarandache and
  • Gabriel Prodan

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 9–21, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.2

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  • -Magurele, Romania Ovidius University of Constanta, Mamaia Avenue no. 124, 900524, Constanta, Romania 10.3762/bjnano.10.2 Abstract Zn/F co-doped SnO2 nanoparticles with a mean diameter of less than 15 nm and a narrow size distribution were synthesized by a one-step laser pyrolysis technique using a
  • reactive mixture containing tetramethyltin (SnMe4) and diethylzinc (ZnEt2) vapors, diluted Ar, O2 and SF6. Their structural, morphological, optical and electrical properties are reported in this work. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis shows that the nanoparticles possess a tetragonal SnO2 crystalline
  • dopant concentration). Keywords: laser pyrolysis; nanoparticles; optical bandgap; Zn/F-doped SnO2; Introduction Recently, there has been growing interest in the field of transparent conducting oxides and wide bandgap oxide nanocrystalline materials such as tin oxide (SnO2). It is generally agreed that
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Published 02 Jan 2019

Graphene-enhanced metal oxide gas sensors at room temperature: a review

  • Dongjin Sun,
  • Yifan Luo,
  • Marc Debliquy and
  • Chao Zhang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2832–2844, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.264

Graphical Abstract
  • achieved at all [19][20]. Metal-oxide semiconductors (MOS), including tin oxide (SnO2), titanium dioxide (TiO2), zinc oxide (ZnO), copper oxide (CuO), tungsten oxide (WO3), indium oxide (In2O3), ferric oxide (Fe2O3) and cobalt oxide (Co3O4) are important materials for gas sensors [21][22][23][24][25][26
  • the single components. The mechanisms through which graphene enhances the sensing performance of MOS sensors will be interpreted in the following sections. Wang et al. [35] reported that a formaldehyde (HCHO) sensor based on SnO2–GO composites, fabricated via electrospinning, exhibited a three times
  • higher sensitivity than that of the pure SnO2 sensor at 120 °C. The composite sensor was able to detect 500 ppb HCHO. The unique sensing properties of SnO2–GO sensor was interpreted by the large specific surface area, the high number of oxygen functional groups and electric regulation effects provided
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Published 09 Nov 2018

Electrospun one-dimensional nanostructures: a new horizon for gas sensing materials

  • Muhammad Imran,
  • Nunzio Motta and
  • Mahnaz Shafiei

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2128–2170, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.202

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  • flow or disperse to form a uniform homogeneous solution. The former gives rise to bi-component nanofibers, while the latter produces blended polymer fibers. Dual-layer TiO2/SnO2 nanofibers have been reported by Liu et al. [72] using two syringes containing different solutions linked to a common
  • fabrication strategy for synthesis of SnO2 NFs with a branch-on-stem morphology using electrospinning, oxygen plasma etching, sputtering and annealing. Electrospun PVP NFs were first etched with oxygen plasma to make a hierarchical template. Afterwards, a SnO2 film is deposited by sputtering and the PVP
  • template is removed by annealing. The morphology of the NFs is dependent on sputtering time, resulting in uniformly distributed branches all over stem. Jun et al. [77] developed polypyrrole (PPy)-coated SnO2 tube-in-tube structures using single-nozzle electrospinning with a phase separation solvent method
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Published 13 Aug 2018

Cr(VI) remediation from aqueous environment through modified-TiO2-mediated photocatalytic reduction

  • Rashmi Acharya,
  • Brundabana Naik and
  • Kulamani Parida

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1448–1470, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.137

Graphical Abstract
  • conditions, low cost, high efficiency and reusability. It uses renewable and pollution-free solar energy and produces minimal secondary waste without using toxic chemicals that follow the rules of green chemistry [59][60][61]. Various semiconductor photocatalysts such as CdS, ZnO, WO3, SnO2, and TiO2 have
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Published 16 May 2018

Semi-automatic spray pyrolysis deposition of thin, transparent, titania films as blocking layers for dye-sensitized and perovskite solar cells

  • Hana Krýsová,
  • Josef Krýsa and
  • Ladislav Kavan

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1135–1145, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.105

Graphical Abstract
  • function of the negative electrode of dye-sensitized and perovskite solar cells, the deposition of a nonporous blocking film is required on the surface of F-doped SnO2 (FTO) glass substrates. Such a blocking film can minimise undesirable parasitic processes, for example, the back reaction of photoinjected
  • accompanied by the undesirable back reaction of photoinjected electrons with the hole-transporting medium or the oxidized mediator. This reaction occurs both at the TiO2 surface and at the exposed areas of the F-doped SnO2 (FTO) conducting glass that are not covered by the titanium dioxide nanoparticles. In
  • liquid-type DSSCs there is a relatively small recombination current as compared to FTO, which becomes critical in SSDSSCs and perovskite solar cells [3]. For proper function of these solar cells, a semiconducting nonporous blocking layer of oxide (usually TiO2 or SnO2) must be deposited on top of FTO to
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Published 10 Apr 2018

Gas-sensing behaviour of ZnO/diamond nanostructures

  • Marina Davydova,
  • Alexandr Laposa,
  • Jiri Smarhak,
  • Alexander Kromka,
  • Neda Neykova,
  • Josef Nahlik,
  • Jiri Kroutil,
  • Jan Drahokoupil and
  • Jan Voves

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 22–29, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.4

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  • ]. Sadek et al. fabricated a ZnO nanobelt sensor and tested it for NO2 gas at operating temperatures between 150 and 450 °C. The optimum operating temperature for NO2 detection was in the range between 300 °C and 350 °C [25]. The sensing properties of various ZnO nanostructures (ZnO nanowires and ZnO–SnO2
  • core–shell nanowires) were investigated by Hwang and co-workers. The gas response of ZnO–SnO2 core–shell nanowires to 10 ppm NO2 at 200 °C and 300 °C were 66.3 and 12.4, respectively, which is ca. 33- and ca. 8.9-times higher than the respective values of 2.0 and 1.4 for ZnO nanowires [26]. Presently
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Published 03 Jan 2018

Enhanced photoelectrochemical water splitting performance using morphology-controlled BiVO4 with W doping

  • Xin Zhao and
  • Zhong Chen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2640–2647, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.264

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  • diffraction was used to characterize the crystal structure of the obtained films. Figure 2 shows that all peaks agree well with the ones of BiVO4 (PDF#14-0688). No peaks belonging to other phases were present except the ones from the fluorine-doped tin oxide (SnO2) substrate. This demonstrates BiVO4 thin
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Published 07 Dec 2017

Freestanding graphene/MnO2 cathodes for Li-ion batteries

  • Şeyma Özcan,
  • Aslıhan Güler,
  • Tugrul Cetinkaya,
  • Mehmet O. Guler and
  • Hatem Akbulut

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1932–1938, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.193

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  • density of Li-ion batteries is desired in order to store more, efficient energy. Although researchers have made significant progress in the development of high capacity anode electrodes, such as SnO2 [2], Sn-Ni [3], and Si [4], the performance of cathodes has been bottlenecked by the energy density and
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Published 14 Sep 2017

Two-dimensional carbon-based nanocomposites for photocatalytic energy generation and environmental remediation applications

  • Suneel Kumar,
  • Ashish Kumar,
  • Ashish Bahuguna,
  • Vipul Sharma and
  • Venkata Krishnan

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1571–1600, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.159

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  • ]. Hence, in the recent decade, heterogeneous photocatalysis has been widely explored for the conversion of solar energy into chemical energy and for pollutant removal from water [11][12]. Up to now, various interesting semiconductors such as TiO2, ZnO, WO3, CdS, Bi2O3, Fe2O3, SnO2, BiVO4, etc. have been
  • coupling with semiconductor materials such as TiO2 [73], ZnO [74], CdS [75], SnO2 [76], CeO2 [77], WO3 [78], Fe2O3 [79], Ag3PO4 [80], Ag3VO4 [81], ZnWO4 [82], SrTiO3 [83], BiVO4 [84], Bi2WO6 [85], BiOX [86][87], etc. These heterojunction formations have proved to be an effective method to improve the
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Published 03 Aug 2017

Fabrication of hierarchically porous TiO2 nanofibers by microemulsion electrospinning and their application as anode material for lithium-ion batteries

  • Jin Zhang,
  • Yibing Cai,
  • Xuebin Hou,
  • Xiaofei Song,
  • Pengfei Lv,
  • Huimin Zhou and
  • Qufu Wei

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1297–1306, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.131

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  • without the need of a complex spinneret. It is a simple and versatile way to prepare nanofibers with hollow or multichannel structures [26]. More importantly, various inorganic nanofibers can be fabricated easily by ME-ES including TiO2, SiO2, ZrO2, SnO2, V2O5, GeO2 and Al2O3. A microemulsion system was
  • et al. reported the fabrication of hierarchical TiO2 nanorods via ME-ES and the application as photoanode material for dye-sensitized solar cells [25]. According to Shi et al., highly porous SnO2/TiO2 composite nanofibers were prepared successfully by ME-ES and subsequent calcination [28]. There are
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Published 22 Jun 2017

Metal oxide nanostructures: preparation, characterization and functional applications as chemical sensors

  • Dario Zappa,
  • Angela Bertuna,
  • Elisabetta Comini,
  • Navpreet Kaur,
  • Nicola Poli,
  • Veronica Sberveglieri and
  • Giorgio Sberveglieri

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1205–1217, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.122

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  • characterization of different metal oxide (NiO, WO3, ZnO, SnO2 and Nb2O5) nanostructures for chemical sensing are presented. p-Type (NiO) and n-type (WO3, SnO2, ZnO and Nb2O5) metal oxide nanostructures were grown on alumina substrates using evaporation–condensation, thermal oxidation and hydrothermal techniques
  • nanostructures Evaporation–condensation technique: NiO, SnO2 and ZnO Evaporation–condensation allows one to obtain disordered mats of nanowires, covering the area of substrates with the catalyst. Figure 1 (top) shows the FE-SEM images of NiO nanowires at different magnifications, while Figure 1 (middle) and
  • Figure 1 (bottom) report SnO2 nanowires and ZnO nanowires, respectively. Nanowires were directly grown on the active substrates used for functional characterization. It has been observed that the NiO nanowires were grown thin and long and they showed a dense morphology covering the whole substrate. The
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Published 06 Jun 2017

Investigation of the photocatalytic efficiency of tantalum alkoxy carboxylate-derived Ta2O5 nanoparticles in rhodamine B removal

  • Subia Ambreen,
  • Mohammad Danish,
  • Narendra D. Pandey and
  • Ashutosh Pandey

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 604–613, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.65

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  • removal, sedimentation and filtration are not very effective in removing organic dyes. Advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) receive a lot of interest in this regard, and photocatalysis by semiconductors is the most extensively investigated AOP. Metal oxide nanoparticles (NPs), for example TiO2, ZnO, SnO2
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Published 13 Mar 2017

Thin SnOx films for surface plasmon resonance enhanced ellipsometric gas sensing (SPREE)

  • Daniel Fischer,
  • Andreas Hertwig,
  • Uwe Beck,
  • Volkmar Lohse,
  • Detlef Negendank,
  • Martin Kormunda and
  • Norbert Esser

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 522–529, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.56

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  • 730 ECS, von Ardenne Anlagentechnik GmbH) with 13.56 MHz frequency and 200 W power. Here, a commercially available pure SnO2 target (99.9%) obtained from FHR GmbH was used. The target has a diameter of 200 mm and a thickness of 6 mm. For the Fe-doped samples, a home-built RF magnetron sputtering
  • equipment with 13.56 MHz frequency was used with a SnO2 target (99.95%) of 48 mm diameter. In this case, an additional rectangular Fe-strip (99.95%) of size 10 mm × 20 mm and a thickness of 2 mm was attached at the center of the SnO2 target. The deposition was done by applying 50 W of DC pulsed power at a
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Published 28 Feb 2017
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  • Monika Kwoka Maciej Krzywiecki Institute of Electronics, Silesian University of Technology, Akademicka 16, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland Institute of Physics – CSE, Silesian University of Technology, Konarskiego 22B, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland 10.3762/bjnano.8.55 Abstract In this paper the SnO2 nanolayers
  • photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The layers were tested i) pristine, ii) after air exposure and iii) after UHV annealing to validate perspective recovery procedures of the sensing layers. XPS results showed that the pristine RGVO SnO2 nanolayers are of high purity with a ratio [O]/[Sn] = 1.62 and almost no
  • the distance between the valence band edge and the Fermi level energy. This was attributed to oxygen diffusion through the porous SnO2 surface as measured by atomic force microscopy. Keywords: Fermi level position; RGVO nanolayers; rheotaxial growth and vacuum oxidation (RGVO); surface chemistry; tin
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Published 27 Feb 2017

Study of the surface properties of ZnO nanocolumns used for thin-film solar cells

  • Neda Neykova,
  • Jiri Stuchlik,
  • Karel Hruska,
  • Ales Poruba,
  • Zdenek Remes and
  • Ognen Pop-Georgievski

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 446–451, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.48

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  • -Si) solar cells, used for mass production, is composed of a transparent conductive oxide with roughness at the nanoscale on the front (TCO), e.g., tin oxide (SnO2) or zinc oxide (ZnO), followed by p–i–n Si layers (amorphous and/or nanocrystalline) in the cell and a back reflector [1][2]. In such a
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Published 16 Feb 2017
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