The different ways to chitosan/hyaluronic acid nanoparticles: templated vs direct complexation. Influence of particle preparation on morphology, cell uptake and silencing efficiency

• Arianna Gennari,
• Julio M. Rios de la Rosa,
• Erwin Hohn,
• Maria Pelliccia,
• Enrique Lallana,
• Roberto Donno,
• Annalisa Tirella and
• Nicola Tirelli

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2594–2608, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.250

• chitosan-based nanoparticles [5][6][7][8], the most popular being ionotropic gelation and polyelectrolyte complexation. The distinction between the two is subtle, since they are based on a common driving force, i.e., the electrostatic attraction between protonated amines on chitosan and multiply charged

• solution the protonated chitosan amines (cationic species in red) are cross-linked by TPP (anionic species in blue). The complexation leads to the nucleation of the particles that increase in size likely more through the adsorption of additional chitosan and TPP species (growth) than through aggregation of

Review of advanced sensor devices employing nanoarchitectonics concepts

• Katsuhiko Ariga,
• Tatsuyuki Makita,
• Masato Ito,
• Taizo Mori,
• Shun Watanabe and
• Jun Takeya

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2014–2030, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.198

• fluorescent gelators containing a tris(β-diketonato) complex with appropriate metals. The presence of amines can be found through fluorescence-quenching efficiencies of the thin layer films of the gel materials. The prepared films are most sensitive to the detection of tertiary amines. The discrimination and

• interaction and faint differences. Kim and co-workers fabricated sensor arrays that were engineered with fluorescence dyes and cucurbit[n]urils (n = 6, 7 and 8) as host systems [91]. The obtained sensors were used for sensing biogenic amines with the aid of principal component analysis. This

Processing nanoporous organic polymers in liquid amines

• Jeehye Byun,
• Damien Thirion and
• Cafer T. Yavuz

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1844–1850, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.179

• challenging. Herein, we report that nanoporous polymers made via a Knoevenagel-like condensation can be easily processed into nanoparticles (115.7 ± 40.8 nm) or a flawless film by using liquid amines as a solvent at elevated temperatures. FTIR spectra revealed that the carboxyl groups in the nanoporous

• polymers act as reactive sites for amines, forming new functionalities and spacing the polymeric chains to be dissolved in the liquid amines. The processed film was found to be CO2-philic despite the low surface area, and further able to be transformed into a fine carbon film by thermal treatment

• fabricated into nanoparticles and films. In this work, nanoporous polymers built via Knoevenagel-like condensations are made to be soluble in liquid amines and show structural processibility. At elevated temperatures (ca. 100 °C), the condensate nanoporous polymers were completely dissolved in neat liquid

A biomimetic nanofluidic diode based on surface-modified polymeric carbon nitride nanotubes

• Kai Xiao,
• Baris Kumru,
• Lu Chen,
• Lei Jiang,
• Bernhard V. K. J. Schmidt and
• Markus Antonietti

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1316–1323, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.130

• and Discussion Fabrication of carbon nitride nanotube membrane Graphitic carbon nitride (g-CN) was chosen as it is formed from tri-s-triazine moieties interconnected via tertiary amines in a well-defined way without doping or modification, composed of only the two earth-abundant elements carbon and

Scavenging of reactive oxygen species by phenolic compound-modified maghemite nanoparticles

• Małgorzata Świętek,
• Yi-Chin Lu,
• Rafał Konefał,
• Liliana P. Ferreira,
• M. Margarida Cruz,
• Yunn-Hwa Ma and
• Daniel Horák

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1073–1088, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.108

• wavelength of 765 nm [22]. The FC reagent measures the total antioxidant capacity of not only phenolic compounds but also carbohydrates, thiols, vitamins, amines, unsaturated fatty acids, and various complex specimens [23]. The antioxidant properties of the modified chitosans increased in the following

Direct growth of few-layer graphene on AlN-based resonators for high-sensitivity gravimetric biosensors

• Jimena Olivares,
• Teona Mirea,
• Lorena Gordillo-Dagallier,
• Bruno Marco,
• José Miguel Escolano,
• Marta Clement and
• Enrique Iborra

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 975–984, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.98

• functionalization platforms. On one hand, graphene containing defects (COOH groups) can be covalently functionalized by using an EDC/NHS zero-cross linker, which allows for the binding of primary amines present in proteins and antibodies [11][12]. On the other hand, defect-free graphene is highly hydrophobic, and

Biocompatible organic–inorganic hybrid materials based on nucleobases and titanium developed by molecular layer deposition

• Leva Momtazi,
• Henrik H. Sønsteby and
• Ola Nilsen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 399–411, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.39

• growth, one can apply ligand exchange reactions between TTIP and functional groups on the organic molecules. In this case the functional groups are protons on the amines or protons on tautomers of the ketones of thymine and uracil. Any such reaction should lead to loss of one isopropanol from TTIP with a

Colloidal chemistry with patchy silica nanoparticles

• Pierre-Etienne Rouet,
• Cyril Chomette,
• Laurent Adumeau,
• Etienne Duguet and
• Serge Ravaine

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2989–2998, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.278

• the amination of the PS residues at the bottom of the dimples were performed according to a method that we had also reported previously [20]. To evidence the success of the PS modification stages, we first performed a Kaiser test, which is based on the reaction of ninhydrin with primary amines and

Co-intercalated layered double hydroxides as thermal and photo-oxidation stabilizers for polypropylene

• Qian Zhang,
• Qiyu Gu,
• Fabrice Leroux,
• Pinggui Tang,
• Dianqing Li and
• Yongjun Feng

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2980–2988, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.277

• -oxidation stability; polypropylene; thermal stability; Introduction Hindered phenols and hindered amines, containing the functional groups 2,6-di-tert-butylphenol and 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine, respectively, are widely used as functional additives in polymers to prolong the service life [1][2][3

Layered calcium phenylphosphonate: a hybrid material for a new generation of nanofillers

• Kateřina Kopecká,
• Ludvík Beneš,
• Klára Melánová,
• Vítězslav Zima,
• Petr Knotek and
• Kateřina Zetková

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2906–2915, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.269

• films were also measured. The amines used as curing agents (Jeffamines) enlarge the basal spacing from 15.05 Å to 15.45 Å (CaPhP_Jeff). The reaction of CaPhP with BYK 9076, which is used as a dispersing agent in the preparation of the composite film and is an alkyl ammonium salt of a high molecular

• (PhP), calcium chloride (CaCl2), ammonia solution, propan-2-ol (all Sigma-Aldrich); CHS-EPOXY 520 (Spolchemie, a. s., Czech Republic) – a low molecular weight epoxy resin based on bisphenol A; Jeffamine D230 and Jeffamine D2000 (Huntsman International LLC) – polyether amines were used. BYK 9076 – an

Sulfur-, nitrogen- and platinum-doped titania thin films with high catalytic efficiency under visible-light illumination

• Boštjan Žener,
• Lev Matoh,
• Giorgio Carraro,
• Bojan Miljević and
• Romana Cerc Korošec

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1629–1640, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.155

• are stable under normal conditions. They have been shown to damage ecosystems when expelled into water systems, and pose very serious health risks to humans, because they can form aromatic amines, which are potentially carcinogenic substances. Furthermore, when the excess dye is expelled into

Enzymatically promoted release of organic molecules linked to magnetic nanoparticles

• Chiara Lambruschini,
• Silvia Villa,
• Luca Banfi,
• Fabio Canepa,
• Fabio Morana,
• Annalisa Relini,
• Paola Riani,
• Renata Riva and
• Fulvio Silvetti

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 986–999, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.92

• proteases. The choice of the spacer was not trivial, since both the peptide specifier and the APTES-functionalised nanoparticle ends with an amino group. We selected two possible ways to join these two amines: a) the transformation into an urea; or b) the coupling with a dicarboxylic acid. In the latter

Synthesis and characterization of two new TiO₂-containing benzothiazole-based imine composites for organic device applications

• Anna Różycka,
• Agnieszka Iwan,
• Krzysztof Artur Bogdanowicz,
• Michal Filapek,
• Natalia Górska,
• Damian Pociecha,
• Marek Malinowski,
• Patryk Fryń,
• Agnieszka Hreniak,
• Jakub Rysz,
• Paweł Dąbczyński and
• Monika Marzec

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 721–739, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.67

• condensation. The synthetic route and chemical structure of both imines are presented in Scheme 1. The strategy behind the synthesis of these two imine includes careful selection of benzothiazole aldehyde and two aromatic amines, 4-dodecylaniline and poly(butane-1,4-diol) bis(4-aminobenzoate). First, the

Facile phase transfer of gold nanorods and nanospheres stabilized with block copolymers

• Yaroslav I. Derikov,
• Georgiy A. Shandryuk,
• Raisa V. Talroze,
• Alexander A. Ezhov and
• Yaroslav V. Kudryavtsev

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 616–627, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.58

• or cetyl trimethylammonium bromide-stabilized Au nanorods with a solution of thiol- [18] or amine-terminated [19] surfactants in organic solvent. With a strong affinity to gold, thiols and amines replace nanoparticle shells via ligand exchange, while the tails of these molecules provide miscibility

Electron interaction with copper(II) carboxylate compounds

• Michal Lacko,
• Peter Papp,
• Iwona B. Szymańska,
• Edward Szłyk and
• Štefan Matejčík

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 384–398, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.38

• fragments of these complexes are formed through single particle resonant processes close to 0 eV. Keywords: amines; dissociative electron attachment; dissociative ionization; FEBID; low energy electrons interaction; Introduction Present technological changes require the development of new methods and new

Response under low-energy electron irradiation of a thin film of a potential copper precursor for focused electron beam induced deposition (FEBID)

• Leo Sala,
• Iwona B. Szymańska,
• Céline Dablemont,
• Anne Lafosse and
• Lionel Amiaud

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 57–65, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.8

• fragmentation of the precursor for leaving deposited material of desired composition. Here a new class of copper precursors is studied following an approach that probes some surface processes involved in the fragmentation of precursors. We use complexes of copper(II) with amines and perfluorinated carboxylate

• for ligands fragmentation allow one to envisage the use of the two precursors for FEBID studies. Keywords: amines; copper(II); electron-stimulated desorption; FEBID precursors; HREELS; low-energy electrons; perfluorinated carboxylates; Introduction The high electrical conductivity of copper makes it

• , which is low compared to the electronic excitation energy and ionisation energy of primary amines (respectively, 5.9 eV and 8.8 eV [21][22]) points out possible resonances of dissociative electron attachment processes leading to fragmentation of neutral ethylamine. The nature of the resonance is

The role of ligands in coinage-metal nanoparticles for electronics

• Ioannis Kanelidis and
• Tobias Kraus

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2625–2639, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.263

• create metallic films with a conductivity of 1497 S/cm on PET substrates [123]. A similar trend was observed in films of gold and silver nanoparticles stabilized by amines of different length. Films of metal nanoparticles stabilized by oleylamine (C18H35NH2) reached their maximum conductivity (3.1 × 105

Adsorbate-driven cooling of carbene-based molecular junctions

• Giuseppe Foti and
• Héctor Vázquez

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2060–2068, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.206

• adsorbate is fundamentally different from that of anchoring groups in molecular junctions (R–NH2): here NH2 acts as an acceptor, while as anchoring group, amines are electron donors [42]. In Supporting Information File 1, we show a comparison of the plane-averaged electron density difference upon adsorption

Advances and challenges in the field of plasma polymer nanoparticles

• Andrei Choukourov,
• Pavel Pleskunov,
• Daniil Nikitin,
• Valerii Titov,
• Artem Shelemin,
• Mykhailo Vaidulych,
• Anna Kuzminova,
• Pavel Solař,
• Jan Hanuš,
• Jaroslav Kousal,
• Ondřej Kylián,
• Danka Slavínská and
• Hynek Biederman

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2002–2014, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.200

• of plasma polymers has been considered to be of paramount importance, especially in terms of retention of primary amines which are attractive in biomedical applications as linkers for binding biomolecules. Yet, it has been recently argued that primary amines find it difficult to survive the influence

• of the plasma and that amino groups overwhelmingly reported for plasma polymers are actually other nitrogen-containing functionalities [70]. The data obtained for the NPs confirm that plasma polymerization of n-hexane in N2 does not lead to the substantial retention of amines as can be seen from the

• least to some extent, bound in amine functionalities. Nevertheless, a reliable and quantitative control over the amount of amines in both NPs and thin films of plasma polymers still represents a formidable challenge. Another example of a strong dependence of the chemical composition of NPs on the

Two-dimensional carbon-based nanocomposites for photocatalytic energy generation and environmental remediation applications

• Suneel Kumar,
• Ashish Kumar,
• Ashish Bahuguna,
• Vipul Sharma and
• Venkata Krishnan

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1571–1600, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.159

• the surface physicochemical properties of g-C3N4 can be tuned by introducing impurities into the crystal lattice of polymeric g-C3N4. Mainly the hydrogen impurities can produce the basic primary and secondary amines on its layer edges [68]. The presence of such basic groups (=NH, −NH2) on the surface

Micro- and nano-surface structures based on vapor-deposited polymers

• Hsien-Yeh Chen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1366–1374, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.138

• -currently distributed functionality gradients of active carbonyls and amines were synthesized by diffusing individual monomer vapor from the opposite direction during the CVD copolymerization process [8]. In an extended work, another version of the gradient copolymer containing aldehydes and amine gradients

Oxidative chemical vapor deposition of polyaniline thin films

• Yuriy Y. Smolin,
• Masoud Soroush and
• Kenneth K. S. Lau

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1266–1276, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.128

• case and therefore much less oxidant is available for oxidizing the PANI film. Second, the peaks of the lowest Fo condition (F2) also indicate that some of the film may contain oligomers. For instance, the peak at 1635 cm−1 can be assigned to NH scissoring vibrations of the aromatic amines [52

Synthesis, spectroscopic characterization and thermogravimetric analysis of two series of substituted (metallo)tetraphenylporphyrins

• Rasha K. Al-Shewiki,
• Carola Mende,
• Roy Buschbeck,
• Pablo F. Siles,
• Oliver G. Schmidt,
• Tobias Rüffer and
• Heinrich Lang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1191–1204, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.121

• converted 1 to H2TPP(C(O)Cl)4 (Scheme 1) which further reacted with the secondary amines HNMe2 and HN(iPr)2 to give 2 (H2TPP(C(O)NMe2)4) and 3 (H2TPP(C(O)N(iPr)2)4). The molar excess of oxalyl chloride compared to 1 should be above 25:1, as otherwise 1 cannot be fully converted to H2TPP(C(O)Cl)4. However

Preparation of thick silica coatings on carbon fibers with fine-structured silica nanotubes induced by a self-assembly process

• Benjamin Baumgärtner,
• Hendrik Möller,
• Thomas Neumann and
• Dirk Volkmer

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1145–1155, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.116

• addition, amines and polyamines can facilitate the silicic acid polycondensation [11][12][13]. A biomimetic system, which employs linear poly(ethylenimine) (LPEI) and was introduced recently by Jin et al., is capable of both catalyzing silicification and directing the silica morphology [14][15][16]. LPEI

• immobilized at the carbon fiber surface either by a covalent linkage or by a self-assembly process of linear polyamines, i.e., LPEI. The covalent linkage of short-chain amines to the carbon fiber surface has already been reported in literature and it was shown that a high surface amine concentration of carbon

Vapor deposition routes to conformal polymer thin films

• Priya Moni,
• Ahmed Al-Obeidi and
• Karen K. Gleason

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 723–735, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.76

• the introduction of new chemistries into the final poly[p-xylene] structure such as halogens, amines, and esters [15][16]. Initiated CVD iCVD is another free radical polymerization technique where instead of a single reactive species, a monomer and an initiating radical are needed to form the final