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Search for "chitin" in Full Text gives 36 result(s) in Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnology.

Synthesis, characterization and in vitro biocompatibility study of Au/TMC/Fe3O4 nanocomposites as a promising, nontoxic system for biomedical applications

  • Hanieh Shirazi,
  • Maryam Daneshpour,
  • Soheila Kashanian and
  • Kobra Omidfar

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 1677–1689, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.170

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  • fiber-like polymer is made of ß(1→4)-linked N-acetyl-D-glucosamine and derives from chitin. After cellulose, chitosan is known as the second most abundant organic compound in nature. A major disadvantage of using chitosan is its poor solubility at physiological pH, whereas it is soluble and active only
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Published 03 Aug 2015

Mandibular gnathobases of marine planktonic copepods – feeding tools with complex micro- and nanoscale composite architectures

  • Jan Michels and
  • Stanislav N. Gorb

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 674–685, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.68

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  • siliceous teeth is consistent with the mineral α-cristobalite [33]. In nature, silica biomineralisation typically takes place on organic matrices composed of compounds such as chitin and collagen that are preferential sites for nucleation and control the formation of the silica structures [35]. Siliceous
  • diatom frustules, for example, contain an internal organic network of cross-linked chitin fibres that is assumed to be a scaffold for silica deposition [36]. After chemical removal of the silica from the gnathobases or fracturing the siliceous cap-like structures, fibre networks become visible in the
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Published 06 Mar 2015

Multifunctional layered magnetic composites

  • Maria Siglreitmeier,
  • Baohu Wu,
  • Tina Kollmann,
  • Martin Neubauer,
  • Gergely Nagy,
  • Dietmar Schwahn,
  • Vitaliy Pipich,
  • Damien Faivre,
  • Dirk Zahn,
  • Andreas Fery and
  • Helmut Cölfen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 134–148, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.13

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  • ) showing an unchanged organic matrix structure after demineralization compared to the original mineralized nacre reference. Light microscopy and confocal laser scanning microscopy studies of stained samples show the presence of insoluble proteins at the chitin surface but not between the chitin layers
  • . Successful and homogeneous gelatin infiltration in between the chitin layers can be shown. The hybrid material is characterized by TEM and shows a layered structure filled with MNPs with a size of around 10 nm. Magnetic analysis of the material demonstrates superparamagnetic behavior as characteristic for
  • the particle size. Simulation studies show the potential of collagen and chitin to act as nucleators, where there is a slight preference of chitin over collagen as a nucleator for magnetite. Colloidal-probe AFM measurements demonstrate that introduction of a ferrogel into the chitin matrix leads to a
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Published 12 Jan 2015

Real-time monitoring of calcium carbonate and cationic peptide deposition on carboxylate-SAM using a microfluidic SAW biosensor

  • Anna Pohl and
  • Ingrid M. Weiss

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 1823–1835, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.193

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  • extracellular domain of the chitin synthase involved in mollusc shell formation, were also investigated in a biological buffer system. A range of experimental conditions are described that are suitable to study non-covalent molecular interactions in the presence of ionic substances, such as, mineral precursors
  • below the solubility equilibrium. The peptide ES9, equal to the mollusc chitin synthase epitope, is less sensitive to changes in pH than its counterpart AS8 with a penta-lysine core, which lacks the flanking acidic residues. This study demonstrates the extraordinary potential of microfluidic surface
  • . However, in the case of organic additives this may as well change. As a case study for a more complex system in biological buffers at various pH, we chose a peptide which was taken from an extracellular domain of the chitin synthases involved in biomineralization. A control peptide was designed with a
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Published 22 Oct 2014

Ionic liquid-assisted formation of cellulose/calcium phosphate hybrid materials

  • Ahmed Salama,
  • Mike Neumann,
  • Christina Günter and
  • Andreas Taubert

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 1553–1568, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.167

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  • and chitin, is their abundance and favorable properties such as mechanical robustness and biocompatibility [1][2][3][4]. Moreover, the growth (mineralization) of calcium phosphate on polysaccharides may lead to composites with properties that are useful for the regeneration of hard tissue even though
  • mineralization of carbohydrates with various calcium phosphates. Falini and coworkers used β-chitin from a squid pen for mineralization of octacalcium phosphate (OCP) and hydroxyapatite (HAP) [14][15]. They found a distinct change of the chitin fiber organization on OCP mineralization. Moreover, the OCP–HAP
  • transition is delayed with respect to OCP grown in the absence of the carbohydrate matrix. One of the issues of chitin, however, is again its limited solubility in most mineralization media. This limits the processing and mineralization efficiencies. Chitosan, which exhibits a higher water solubility than
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Published 16 Sep 2014

Fibrillar adhesion with no clusterisation: Functional significance of material gradient along adhesive setae of insects

  • Stanislav N. Gorb and
  • Alexander E. Filippov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 837–845, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.95

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  • protein resilin in rather high concentrations [12][15]. Both central and proximal parts of the setae were dominated by green, yellow and red autofluorescences due to the presence of other presumably sclerotised proteins and very likely chitin (Figure 1). Between the resilin-dominated distal part and more
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Published 12 Jun 2014

Biocalcite, a multifunctional inorganic polymer: Building block for calcareous sponge spicules and bioseed for the synthesis of calcium phosphate-based bone

  • Xiaohong Wang,
  • Heinz C. Schröder and
  • Werner E. G. Müller

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 610–621, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.72

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  • , indicating that alginate/chitin, also together with silica [73][74], provides a suitable matrix for the encapsulation of mammalian cells we have recently also embedded SaOS-2 cells into Na alginate that has been supplemented with silica [75][76][77]. Silica displays morphogenetic activity towards SaOS-2
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Published 12 May 2014

Grain boundaries and coincidence site lattices in the corneal nanonipple structure of the Mourning Cloak butterfly

  • Ken C. Lee and
  • Uwe Erb

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2013, 4, 292–299, doi:10.3762/bjnano.4.32

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  • and retinula cells. The signals detected by thousands of ommatidia are processed neurologically in the brain to form a complete image. The corneal lens incorporates chitin, a long chained semicrystalline natural polysaccharide with a refractive index of about 1.52. It is well known that the outer
  • effectively decrease the reflection of light from the eye because of the gradient in the refractive index as light travels from air (n = 1.0) to the ommatidia (chitin, n = 1.52). Thus, more light enters the eye, which is beneficial for moths as they are nocturnal and active in low light conditions. However
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Published 02 May 2013

Nano-FTIR chemical mapping of minerals in biological materials

  • Sergiu Amarie,
  • Paul Zaslansky,
  • Yusuke Kajihara,
  • Erika Griesshaber,
  • Wolfgang W. Schmahl and
  • Fritz Keilmann

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2012, 3, 312–323, doi:10.3762/bjnano.3.35

Graphical Abstract
  • crystals in an organic matrix [18][19][20], and laminates of calcium phosphate nanoparticle reinforced chitin fibers [21][22]. FTIR spectroscopic microscopy is a well-established method and has been extensively used to study bone biominerals at several micrometers spatial resolution [23][24][25][26][27][28
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Published 05 Apr 2012

Detection of interaction between biomineralising proteins and calcium carbonate microcrystals

  • Hanna Rademaker and
  • Malte Launspach

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2011, 2, 222–227, doi:10.3762/bjnano.2.26

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  • platelet surface, platelet interlocking mechanisms and reduction of peak stresses due to crack tip blunting in the organic layer. The organic layer between the mineral platelets comprises a chitin core with an attached protein layer. In combination with solubilised proteins, the organism is capable of
  • laevigata. Briefly, the experimental approach comprises the following steps: Growth of aragonite or calcite microcrystals with evaluation of the purity of the mineral phase, demineralisation of a shell from Haliotis laevigata, removal of the proteins from the chitin core of the remaining organic matrix from
  • ]. Figure 3 shows the result of the protein–crystal binding experiment. The proteins in the shell from Haliotis laevigata that were insoluble in 6% acetic acid were removed from the chitin core with an SDS/DTT/Tris buffer as described in the experimental section. This protein solution contained several
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Published 27 Apr 2011

Infrared receptors in pyrophilous (“fire loving”) insects as model for new un-cooled infrared sensors

  • David Klocke,
  • Anke Schmitz,
  • Helmut Soltner,
  • Herbert Bousack and
  • Helmut Schmitz

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2011, 2, 186–197, doi:10.3762/bjnano.2.22

Graphical Abstract
  • electron microscopical observations, it has been observed that the internal sphere consists of at least two different zones: (i) An outer lamellated zone consisting of exocuticle. The lamellated appearance is caused by many layers of chitin fibres with a periodically changing orientation, and (ii) an
  • function can be found in the literature. However, these models are inconsistent with each other. (i) More than 12 years ago, a so-called photomechanic principle was established [17][18]. The authors proposed that the biomolecules (i.e., proteins and chitin) in the cuticular sphere strongly absorb mid-IR
  • of the mechanosensitive neuron inside the inner core in a liquid-filled chamber. Most probably, IR radiation absorbed by the proteins, the chitin fibres, and the water of the sensillum heats up the sphere, which immediately causes thermal expansion especially of the liquid inside the microfluidic
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Published 30 Mar 2011
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