Effect of Ag loading position on the photocatalytic performance of TiO₂ nanocolumn arrays

• Jinghan Xu,
• Yanqi Liu and
• Yan Zhao

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 717–728, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.59

• addition, since the chemical transformation of MB molecules occurs at the Ag–TiO2 interface, Ag is more easily oxidized, which damages the long-term stability of the Ag–TiO2 heterojunctions [46]. Taken together, these factors can explain the difference of catalytic efficiency between AFT and ACT

Multilayer capsules made of weak polyelectrolytes: a review on the preparation, functionalization and applications in drug delivery

• Varsha Sharma and
• Anandhakumar Sundaramurthy

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 508–532, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.41

• strength. Various reactions have been reported to improve the binding strength in order to increase the mechanical resistance and long term stability of the capsules. Several post fabrication treatments have also been used to strengthen the weak intermolecular interactions to fabricate stable cross-linked

• and 2) the solvent exchange mechanism wherein lipid molecules dissolved in organic solvents were slowly exchanged with water [108]. The addition of the lipid layer not only provided long term stability but also slowed down the rate of permeation of small molecules through the capsule wall, making them

Phase inversion-based nanoemulsions of medium chain triglyceride as potential drug delivery system for parenteral applications

• Eike Folker Busmann,
• Dailén García Martínez,
• Henrike Lucas and
• Karsten Mäder

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 213–224, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.16

• the nanoemulsions depending on the Kolliphor HS 15:MCT ratio. Long-term stability of four selected nanoemulsions with particles of approximately 25 (NE25), 50 (NE50), 100 (NE100) and 150 nm (NE150) in diameter at the recommended storage conditions according to the ICH guidelines Q1A of 5 ± 3 °C, room

Nanosecond resistive switching in Ag/AgI/PtIr nanojunctions

• Botond Sánta,
• Dániel Molnár,
• Patrick Haiber,
• Agnes Gubicza,
• Edit Szilágyi,
• Zsolt Zolnai,
• András Halbritter and
• Miklós Csontos

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 92–100, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.9

• is demonstrated in the inset of Figure 3b by displaying the long-term stability of the resistance states over 300 subsequent switching cycles recorded at = 0.5 V. All these results demonstrate that the Ag/AgI system shows characteristics and stability very similar to the Ag/Ag2S system with the

• subsequent 500 ps set and reset voltage pulses are demonstrated by displaying the voltage signals directly acquired at CH1 and CH2 in Figure 5a. The data recorded at a sampling rate of 10 Gs/s over 50 μs illustrates the long-term stability of the ON and OFF states between the switching events. The two

• voltage was applied. The simultaneously recorded Vbias (purple) trace shows the dynamics of the resistive switchings. (b) ROFF (red) and RON (blue) as a function of the voltage pulse amplitude. The inset demonstrates the long-term stability of the OFF and ON states evaluated during 300 repetitive duty

Recent progress in perovskite solar cells: the perovskite layer

• Xianfeng Dai,
• Ke Xu and
• Fanan Wei

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 51–60, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.5

• technology enables rapid and precise coating of films, and therefore is a promising method for large-scale PSC production at high yield. Stability of PSCs based on novel perovskite structures The poor long-term stability of PSCs is another challenge for future commercial applications. Although PSCs have

Long-term stability and scale-up of noncovalently bound gold nanoparticle-siRNA suspensions

• Anna V. Epanchintseva,
• Julia E. Poletaeva,
• Dmitrii V. Pyshnyi,
• Elena I. Ryabchikova and
• Inna A. Pyshnaya

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2568–2578, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.248

Semitransparent Sb₂S₃ thin film solar cells by ultrasonic spray pyrolysis for use in solar windows

• Jako S. Eensalu,
• Atanas Katerski,
• Erki Kärber,
• Lothar Weinhardt,
• Monika Blum,
• Clemens Heske,
• Wanli Yang,
• Ilona Oja Acik and
• Malle Krunks

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2396–2409, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.230

• ]. At present, tremendous research efforts have been allocated worldwide to increase the long-term stability of these solar cells [11]. As minimizing fabrication cost is crucial for commercialization, solar windows would benefit from a fully inorganic absorber that has superior stability towards

Polyvinylpyrrolidone as additive for perovskite solar cells with water and isopropanol as solvents

• Chen Du,
• Shuo Wang,
• Xu Miao,
• Wenhai Sun,
• Yu Zhu,
• Chengyan Wang and
• Ruixin Ma

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2374–2382, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.228

• , and the efficiency is 12.27%. This demonstrate clearly that the PVP as an additive to the aqueous solution of Pb(NO3)2 is genuinely effective in boosting the photoelectric performance of the device. In addition, we studied the long-term stability of the PSCs in ambient environment (humidity less than

• density–voltage curves of PSCs (b) EQE spectra of PSCs. The stable output current density and PCE at the max power point of PSCs. Long-term stability of solar cells over 60 d. All devices were stored in ambient environment (humidity less than 10%, room temperature). Parameters of the PSCs fabricated under

Review of advanced sensor devices employing nanoarchitectonics concepts

• Katsuhiko Ariga,
• Tatsuyuki Makita,
• Masato Ito,
• Taizo Mori,
• Shun Watanabe and
• Jun Takeya

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2014–2030, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.198

• structure was integrated into a microfluidic device. The monolayer structure of the semiconductive layer provided better sensor performance with long-term stability and high sensitivity. The minimum detection limit for melamine was approximately 10 ppb. The high performance of nanoarchitectonic

• semiconductive layer provides better sensor performance with long-term stability and high sensitivity. Features of molecular recognition at interfacial media: (i) contacts of phases with different dielectric natures to result in huge enhancement of molecular recognition; (ii) connection of extremely different

Preservation of rutin nanosuspensions without the use of preservatives

• Pascal L. Stahr and
• Cornelia M. Keck

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1902–1913, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.185

• -term stability. The freeze–thaw process for nanosuspensions is a simple concept and is suggested as alternative, when preserved nanosuspensions cannot be used. Keywords: nanocrystals; nanosuspension; no preservative; rutin; stability; Introduction Nanocrystals for pharmaceutical use were invented in

• monitored, and the results were compared to preserved nanosuspensions. The frozen nanosuspensions remained stable and possessed excellent stability over the whole time of storage, indicating that the freeze–thaw process is suitable for the production of preservative-free nanosuspensions with excellent long

Toxicity and safety study of silver and gold nanoparticles functionalized with cysteine and glutathione

• Barbara Pem,
• Igor M. Pongrac,
• Lea Ulm,
• Ivan Pavičić,
• Valerije Vrček,
• Darija Domazet Jurašin,
• Marija Ljubojević,
• Adela Krivohlavek and
• Ivana Vinković Vrček

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1802–1817, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.175

• stable NPs. Finally, we selected a molar ratio of [metallic salts]/[NaBH4]/[biothiol] = 1:10:1 for further work as it resulted in a favorable NP size (≈10 nm) and long term stability. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), as an excellent tool to determine the interactions of small organic molecules with

Lipid nanostructures for antioxidant delivery: a comparative preformulation study

• Elisabetta Esposito,
• Maddalena Sguizzato,
• Markus Drechsler,
• Paolo Mariani,
• Federica Carducci,
• Claudio Nastruzzi,
• Giuseppe Valacchi and
• Rita Cortesi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1789–1801, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.174

• ]. The choice of the type and concentration of the nanoparticle lipid matrix is crucial since it can affect the physico-chemical aspects of SLNs and NLCs, the encapsulation parameters, as well as the long-term stability of the formulation. Thus, in view of an industrial production, a preliminary

Kelvin probe force microscopy of the nanoscale electrical surface potential barrier of metal/semiconductor interfaces in ambient atmosphere

• Petr Knotek,
• Tomáš Plecháček,
• Jan Smolík,
• Petr Kutálek,
• Filip Dvořák,
• Milan Vlček,
• Jiří Navrátil and
• Čestmír Drašar

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1401–1411, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.138

• considered solid-state heat engines. The former enables direct waste heat conversion into electrical energy very elegantly (no moving parts, long-term stability, maintenance-free, silent). Unfortunately, one of the limiting factors of this technology is still poor conversion efficiency. The conversion

Green fabrication of lanthanide-doped hydroxide-based phosphors: Y(OH)₃:Eu³⁺ nanoparticles for white light generation

• Tugrul Guner,
• Anilcan Kus,
• Mehmet Ozcan,
• Aziz Genc,
• Hasan Sahin and
• Mustafa M. Demir

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1200–1210, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.119

• systems can be improved even more by optimizing the long-term stability of PDMS under UV irradiation since it can undergo degradation due to the breakage of bonds in organic molecules, resulting in the loss of transparency and coloration (i.e., yellowing). For instance, it was observed that residues of

Quantitative analysis of annealing-induced instabilities of photo-leakage current and negative-bias-illumination-stress in a-InGaZnO thin-film transistors

• Dapeng Wang and
• Mamoru Furuta

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1125–1130, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.112

• properties and long-term stability. Therefore, many researches are devoted to reducing the density of defects during the fabrication, including the optimization of oxygen partial pressure [4], the increase of fabrication temperature, and the reduction of deposition power. In addition, post-annealing is

• this study, the TFT annealed at 350 °C exhibits an outstanding initial performance, but its long-term stability has been deteriorated to some degree under the high-energy light irradiation. Therefore, to further improve the electrical properties and bias-stress stabilities, especially against NBIS, the

Synthesis of MnO₂–CuO–Fe₂O₃/CNTs catalysts: low-temperature SCR activity and formation mechanism

• Yanbing Zhang,
• Lihua Liu,
• Yingzan Chen,
• Xianglong Cheng,
• Chengjian Song,
• Mingjie Ding and
• Haipeng Zhao

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 848–855, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.85

• % MnO2–CuO–Fe2O3/CNTs catalyst is higher than that of the MnO2–CuO–Fe2O3/CNTs catalyst [40]. In general, stronger acid sites and a higher number of acid sites are advantageous to the SCR reaction [41], which is corroborated by the results of the NO conversion. Cyclic and long-term stability of catalysts

• In practical applications, the cyclic and long-term stability of a catalyst are crucial factors. The cyclic and long-term stability of the optimal 4% MnO2–CuO–Fe2O3/CNTs catalyst are listed in Figure 8. Figure 8A shows that the catalytic activity of 4% MnO2–CuO–Fe2O3/CNTs in run 2 and run 3 reaches

• % at 180 °C during a test of 6 h, revealing the outstanding long-term stability. In view of the above favorable properties, the 4% MnO2–CuO–Fe2O3/CNTs catalyst will be potentially applicable in the low-temperature NO reduction with NH3. Comparison of the catalytic performance of three catalysts Table 1

Biomimetic synthesis of Ag-coated glasswing butterfly arrays as ultra-sensitive SERS substrates for efficient trace detection of pesticides

• Guochao Shi,
• Mingli Wang,
• Yanying Zhu,
• Yuhong Wang,
• Xiaoya Yan,
• Xin Sun,
• Haijun Xu and
• Wanli Ma

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 578–588, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.59

• 10.78%. The nanohybrids also exhibit a long-term stability regarding Raman enhancement, as suggested by a duration stability test over a period of 60 days. Importantly, the high-performance Ag-G.b.-20 substrate is further applied as an ultra-sensitive SERS platform for the trace detection of acephate

• localized in the narrow nanogaps where the electromagnetic field enhancement occurs. Long-term stability and SERS reproducibility of the Ag-G.b.-20 SERS substrates In addition to high SERS enhancement and sensitivity, long-term stability is another important parameter for an ideal SERS substrate. Therefore

• , the long-term stability of Ag-G.b.-20 substrates was examined under ambient conditions. Figure 5a shows the Raman spectra of 10−4 M CV recorded on the Ag-G.b.-20 substrates and the corresponding substrates stored for 15, 30, 45 and 60 days. Figure 5b clearly reveals that the integrated Raman intensity

Wearable, stable, highly sensitive hydrogel–graphene strain sensors

• Jian Lv,
• Chuncai Kong,
• Chao Yang,
• Lu Yin,
• Itthipon Jeerapan,
• Fangzhao Pu,
• Xiaojing Zhang,
• Sen Yang and
• Zhimao Yang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 475–480, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.47

• lack of long term stability, due to the tendency of the material to lose water at high temperature and freeze at low temperature [14]. Glycerol is a commonly used, nontoxic antifreeze additive. Here, hydrogen bonding between glycerol and water competes with hydrogen bonding between the water molecules

• -hydrogel strain sensor can be attributed to the use of glycerol as a co-solvent. The hydrogel bonding between glycerol and water prevents water from being released from the polymer network, hence guaranteeing the long-term stability of the sensor. In addition, a graphene film is cast onto the WG-hydrogel

Nanoporous water oxidation electrodes with a low loading of laser-deposited Ru/C exhibit enhanced corrosion stability

• Sandra Haschke,
• Dmitrii Pankin,
• Vladimir Mikhailovskii,
• Maïssa K. S. Barr,
• Adriana Both-Engel,
• Alina Manshina and
• Julien Bachmann

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 157–167, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.15

• electrocatalyst to the point that a steady state is reached upon continuous electrolysis. The current then stays stable for several hours. The comparison with the literature shows that only Kokoh et al. tested the long-term stability of their Ru-based electrocatalyst [14]. The fine dispersion of Ru in the

Electrolyte tuning in dye-sensitized solar cells with N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) iron(II) sensitizers

• Mariia Karpacheva,
• Catherine E. Housecroft and
• Edwin C. Constable

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 3069–3078, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.285

• of solvent is crucial for optimization of DSC performance and long-term stability [45][46]. Our starting point was the standard electrolyte (E1, Table 1) that we employ for DSCs with bis(diimine)copper(I) sensitizers. This electrolyte contains the additive N-methylbenzimidazole (MBI) which is known

Graphene-enhanced metal oxide gas sensors at room temperature: a review

• Dongjin Sun,
• Yifan Luo,
• Marc Debliquy and
• Chao Zhang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2832–2844, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.264

• . Although several researches demonstrate that the properties of these sensors are capable to be maintained for more than half a year, such stability has been only obtained in laboratory environments, indicating that it is difficult to have such long-term stability in the real environment. Another problem is

Controlling surface morphology and sensitivity of granular and porous silver films for surface-enhanced Raman scattering, SERS

• Sherif Okeil and
• Jörg J. Schneider

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2813–2831, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.263

• the SERS activity can deteriorate due to surface oxidation of the silver surface [88]. For increasing the long-term stability of SERS active silver films we have studied a thin layer of dielectric Al2O3 as protective coating [89]. A 1 nm thick Al2O3 film was deposited on top of the nanoporous silver

Thickness-dependent photoelectrochemical properties of a semitransparent Co₃O₄ photocathode

• Malkeshkumar Patel and
• Joondong Kim

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2432–2442, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.228

• values of the samples grown by Kirkendall diffusion. This variation is attributed to the varying porosity that does not occur shown in the compact Co3O4 film [20]. In order to investigate the long-term stability, the PEC cell was tested for 24 h as shown in Figure 6a. The PEC cell has dual Co3O4

A scanning probe microscopy study of nanostructured TiO₂/poly(3-hexylthiophene) hybrid heterojunctions for photovoltaic applications

• Laurie Letertre,
• Roland Roche,
• Olivier Douhéret,
• Hailu G. Kassa,
• Denis Mariolle,
• Nicolas Chevalier,
• Łukasz Borowik,
• Philippe Dumas,
• Benjamin Grévin,
• Roberto Lazzaroni and
• Philippe Leclère

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2087–2096, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.197

• production of renewable energy [1]. Inorganic photovoltaic cells are currently the most employed PV devices with a power efficiency ranging from 20 to 40% [2] and a long-term stability up to 20 years [3]. However, a number of drawbacks affect those technologies. Indeed, in addition to high energy consumption

Fabrication of photothermally active poly(vinyl alcohol) films with gold nanostars for antibacterial applications

• Mykola Borzenkov,
• Maria Moros,
• Claudia Tortiglione,
• Serena Bertoldi,
• Nicola Contessi,
• Silvia Faré,
• Angelo Taglietti,
• Agnese D’Agostino,
• Piersandro Pallavicini,
• Maddalena Collini and
• Giuseppe Chirico

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2040–2048, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.193

• the fact that GNSs coated with hydrophilic PEG can slightly increase the whole hydrophilicity of the films. The weight loss of the PVA-GNS films in water as a function of time is also a relevant parameter, providing information about long-term stability of the films under prolonged use. After