Development of a nitrogen-doped 2D material for tribological applications in the boundary-lubrication regime

• Shende Rashmi Chandrabhan,
• Velayudhanpillai Jayan,
• Somendra Singh Parihar and
• Sundara Ramaprabhu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1476–1483, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.147

• holder and the constant load of 400 N was applied. Figure 3 represents the schematic of the ball-pot assembly in a four-ball tester. Results and Discussion Materials characterization The XRD patterns of graphite, GO and N-rGO are depicted in Figure S1 (Supporting Information File 1). The intense

CVD transfer-free graphene for sensing applications

• Chiara Schiattarella,
• Sten Vollebregt,
• Tiziana Polichetti,
• Brigida Alfano,
• Ettore Massera,
• Maria Lucia Miglietta,
• Girolamo Di Francia and
• Pasqualina Maria Sarro

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1015–1022, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.102

• material has been probed by evaluating and comparing the degree of adsorption and the interaction energies for NO2 and NH3. Results and Discussion Materials characterization The material, prepared according to the procedure discussed in detail in the Experimental section, has been morphologically and

Fiber optic sensors based on hybrid phenyl-silica xerogel films to detect n-hexane: determination of the isosteric enthalpy of adsorption

• Jesús C. Echeverría,
• Ignacio Calleja,
• Paula Moriones and
• Julián J. Garrido

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 475–484, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.51

• assuming ideal behavior, the analyte vapor concentration (C) on the measuring cell is related to the vapor pressure by the following equation: where R is the gas constant, P is the pressure, and T is the temperature. Results and Discussion Materials characterization Figure 1 shows the FTIR spectra of the

Nanocrystalline ZrO₂ and Pt-doped ZrO₂ catalysts for low-temperature CO oxidation

• Amit Singhania and
• Shipra Mital Gupta

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 264–271, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.29

• support. This paper also reports the characterization of the prepared catalysts by BET, XRD, TGA, TEM, UV–vis and FTIR measurements. Results and Discussion Materials characterization The specific surface area, pore volume and pore diameter of ZrO2 and Pt(1%)-ZrO2 were obtained carrying out BET nitrogen

• % Pt was doped into ZrO2 by solution combustion. For the synthesis of Pt-ZrO2 catalyst, the fuel to metal molar ratio [urea/(Zr+Pt)] was maintained at 5:1. Materials characterization The powder XRD data of ZrO2 and Pt-doped ZrO2 were collected with the help of a Rigaku X-ray diffractometer (DMAX IIIVC

Ammonia gas sensors based on In₂O₃/PANI hetero-nanofibers operating at room temperature

• Qingxin Nie,
• Zengyuan Pang,
• Hangyi Lu,
• Yibing Cai and
• Qufu Wei

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1312–1321, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.122

• . The gas response value (S) is defined as a ratio of (Ri − R0)/R0, in which Ri and R0 are the resistance of the sensor in testing gas and air, respectively. Each result was the average value of five tests. Results and Discussion Materials characterization The XRD patterns of the nanofibers obtained by

Fast diffusion of silver in TiO₂ nanotube arrays

• Wanggang Zhang,
• Yiming Liu,
• Diaoyu Zhou,
• Hui Wang,
• Wei Liang and
• Fuqian Yang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1129–1140, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.105

• times (1, 2 and 3 h) at a ramping rate of 2 °C·min−1 in a tube furnace in air. The heat treatment allowed Ag to migrate through the TiO2 nanotubes. Figure 1 shows schematically the facile route for the preparation of Ag@TiO2 nanotubes. Materials characterization The morphology and selected area electron

Fabrication of hybrid nanocomposite scaffolds by incorporating ligand-free hydroxyapatite nanoparticles into biodegradable polymer scaffolds and release studies

• Balazs Farkas,
• Marina Rodio,
• Ilaria Romano,
• Alberto Diaspro,
• Romuald Intartaglia and
• Szabolcs Beke

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 2217–2223, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.227

• into biodegradable polymer resin. We also present HA NPs release studies. Results and Discussion Materials characterization In order to evaluate the effects of nanoparticle incorporation, the cured resins have been characterized through nanoindentation, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), profilometry

Possibilities and limitations of advanced transmission electron microscopy for carbon-based nanomaterials

• Xiaoxing Ke,
• Carla Bittencourt and
• Gustaaf Van Tendeloo

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 1541–1557, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.158

• nanostructures. Although it has been convincingly shown that STEM–EELS is able to reach the ultimate goal of materials characterization, combining atomic spatial resolution and millielectronvolt resolution on the energy scale, there are still limits that need to be treated with caution. For instance, the

Transformation of hydrogen titanate nanoribbons to TiO₂ nanoribbons and the influence of the transformation strategies on the photocatalytic performance

• Melita Rutar,
• Nejc Rozman,
• Matej Pregelj,
• Carla Bittencourt,
• Romana Cerc Korošec,
• Andrijana Sever Škapin,
• Aleš Mrzel,
• Srečo D. Škapin and
• Polona Umek

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 831–844, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.86

• ), were additionally calcined for 6 h in static air or a dynamic NH3(g)/Ar(g) atmosphere at 480 °C and 400 °C, respectively. A flow ratio of NH3(g)/Ar(g) was set to 30 mL·min−1/10 mL·min−1. Derived samples were labeled CH-W+TO and MW-W+TN. Materials characterization The morphology of the products was

Release behaviour and toxicity evaluation of levodopa from carboxylated single-walled carbon nanotubes

• Julia M. Tan,
• Jhi Biau Foo,
• Sharida Fakurazi and
• Mohd Zobir Hussein

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 243–253, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.23

• materials characterization methods including Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, elemental analysis, UV–vis spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The results showed that SWCNT–COOH were able to form supramolecular complexes with LD via a π–π stacking interaction and

Materials and characterization techniques for high-temperature polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells

• Roswitha Zeis

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 68–83, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.8

• and performance of HT-PEMFCs. For this reason, materials characterization techniques for HT-PEMFCs, either in situ or ex situ, are highly beneficial. Significant progress has recently been made in this field, which enables us to gain a better understanding of underlying processes occurring during fuel

Towards bottom-up nanopatterning of Prussian blue analogues

• Virgile Trannoy,
• Marco Faustini,
• David Grosso,
• Sandra Mazerat,
• François Brisset,
• Alexandre Dazzi and
• Anne Bleuzen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 1933–1943, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.204

• and ii) ethanol/water (1:1 EtOH/H2O) for the Co2+ solution and for the [Fe(CN)6]3− solution. The name and the conditions used for the preparation of the samples resulting from this fifth step are gathered in Table 1 (NC01–NC05). Materials characterization SEM images were obtained by using a field

Mesoporous cerium oxide nanospheres for the visible-light driven photocatalytic degradation of dyes

• Subas K. Muduli,
• Songling Wang,
• Shi Chen,
• Chin Fan Ng,
• Cheng Hon Alfred Huan,
• Tze Chien Sum and
• Han Sen Soo

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 517–523, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.60

• nanospheres, which is a mixed phase of Ce7O12 and CeO2, and can absorb visible light to photocatalytically degrade dyes such as rhodamine B (RhB). The materials characterization of the cerium oxide nanospheres and some mechanistic insights into the photocatalytic process are presented. Findings

Extracellular biosynthesis of gadolinium oxide (Gd₂O₃) nanoparticles, their biodistribution and bioconjugation with the chemically modified anticancer drug taxol

• Shadab Ali Khan,
• Sanjay Gambhir and
• Absar Ahmad

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 249–257, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.27

• financial support through BSC0112 CSIR, New Delhi. The authors thank the Center for Materials Characterization (CMC), Pune for assistance with TEM measurements.

A facile approach to nanoarchitectured three-dimensional graphene-based Li–Mn–O composite as high-power cathodes for Li-ion batteries

• Wenyu Zhang,
• Yi Zeng,
• Chen Xu,
• Ni Xiao,
• Yiben Gao,
• Lain-Jong Li,
• Xiaodong Chen,
• Huey Hoon Hng and
• Qingyu Yan

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2012, 3, 513–523, doi:10.3762/bjnano.3.59

• , the final products were annealed at 350 °C for 30 min in argon gas. Materials characterization Powder XRD patterns were obtained on a Shimadzu XRD-6000 X-ray diffractometer with Cu Kα irradiation. SEM imaging was performed on a JEOL JSM-7600F operating at 5 kV. TEM and HR-TEM images were obtained on a

Channeling in helium ion microscopy: Mapping of crystal orientation

• Vasilisa Veligura,
• Gregor Hlawacek,
• Raoul van Gastel,
• Harold J. W. Zandvliet and
• Bene Poelsema

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2012, 3, 501–506, doi:10.3762/bjnano.3.57

• sensitivity and the high resolution that can be achieved with helium ion microscopy make it a competitive technique for modern materials characterization. As in other techniques that make use of a charged particle beam, channeling through the crystal structure of the bulk of the material can occur. Results

• developed to obtain texture data or crystallographic information systematically in HIM. Especially the latter is an important issue in materials characterization. An important phenomenon that can be exploited in HIM for this purpose is channeling. This well-known process has been studied extensively in the

• contrast images, on the other hand, yield similar bulk crystallographic information. This adds a new capability to helium ion microscopy. The possibility to obtain crystallographic information on a per pixel basis strengthens the applicability of HIM for materials characterization. HIM SE images of the

Noncontact atomic force microscopy

• Udo D. Schwarz

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2012, 3, 172–173, doi:10.3762/bjnano.3.17

• microscopy (AFM), on the other hand, was quickly developed into a versatile tool with applications ranging from materials characterization in ultrahigh vacuum and nanofabrication under ambient conditions, to biological studies in liquids, but its resolution was limited to the nanometer scale. The reason for

Template-assisted formation of microsized nanocrystalline CeO₂ tubes and their catalytic performance in the carboxylation of methanol

• Jörg J. Schneider,
• Meike Naumann,
• Christian Schäfer,
• Armin Brandner,
• Heiko J. Hofmann and
• Peter Claus

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2011, 2, 776–784, doi:10.3762/bjnano.2.86

• . Materials characterization Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was performed on a FEI XL30 FEG at an operating voltage of 25 kV. For transmission electron microscopy (TEM) a FEI Technai F20 was used, with an operating voltage of 200 keV. X-ray diffraction (XRD) spectra were recorded on StoeCIE and StadiP (Co