Microwave-induced electric discharges on metal particles for the synthesis of inorganic nanomaterials under solvent-free conditions

• Vijay Tripathi,
• Harit Kumar,
• Anubhav Agarwal and
• Leela S. Panchakarla

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1019–1025, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.86

• treatment of metals under microwave irradiation in organic solvents can carbonize the organic solvents forming carbon-coated metallic nanoparticles [15][16]. Recently, Pentsak et al. have shown that metals, such as Cu, Fe, and Mo, on carbon form nanometer-scale structures under microwave heating [17

• (2.54 GHz, power 700 W) and treated for periods of time between 5 s and 2 min. Arcs were generated in the activated metal, which evaporated the metal along with carbon. Carbon-coated metallic nanoparticles formed on the top lid of the reaction vessel. For synthesizing nanorods, sulfur was used as a

• with either graphite or graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) yields carbon-coated or nitrogen-doped carbon-coated metallic nanoparticles. When these reactions are conducted in a Teflon reactor, the products are further functionalized with fluorine. Figure 3a shows XRD patterns of Cu and Ni nanoparticles

Structural optical and electrical properties of a transparent conductive ITO/Al–Ag/ITO multilayer contact

• Aliyu Kabiru Isiyaku,
• Ahmad Hadi Ali and
• Nafarizal Nayan

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 695–702, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.57

• ]. Further treatments beyond 500 °C resulted in the degradation of the film structure due to the appearance of metallic nanoparticles on the surface of the multilayer [4][28]. Furthermore, Cho et al. estimated a figure of merit of 12.28 × 10−4 Ω−1 for a 5.07 nm thick intermediate Al film after annealing at

Silver-decorated gel-shell nanobeads: physicochemical characterization and evaluation of antibacterial properties

• Marta Bartel,
• Katarzyna Markowska,
• Marcin Strawski,
• Krystyna Wolska and
• Maciej Mazur

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 620–630, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.49

• generate metallic nanoparticles embedded in the shell. Such structures have been demonstrated to reveal antibacterial and antifungal properties. For example, Zhao et al. prepared micrometer-sized hybrid particles in a multi-step preparation involving the sulfonation of polystyrene beads and the

Evolution of Ag nanostructures created from thin films: UV–vis absorption and its theoretical predictions

• Robert Kozioł,
• Marcin Łapiński,
• Paweł Syty,
• Damian Koszelow,
• Wojciech Sadowski,
• Józef E. Sienkiewicz and
• Barbara Kościelska

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 494–507, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.40

• size of the metallic nanoparticles is larger than 10 nm, their dielectric functions are known to be independent on the size and to have the values of the bulk material [7]. For instance, a dipole mode can then be excited when ε = −2, which corresponds to λ = 355 nm for Ag and λ = 490 nm for Au. When

Formation of nanoripples on ZnO flat substrates and nanorods by gas cluster ion bombardment

• Xiaomei Zeng,
• Vasiliy Pelenovich,
• Bin Xing,
• Rakhim Rakhimov,
• Wenbin Zuo,
• Alexander Tolstogouzov,
• Chuansheng Liu,
• Dejun Fu and
• Xiangheng Xiao

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 383–390, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.29

• of semiconductor quantum dots [2]. Arrays of metallic nanoparticles or nanowires aligned on dielectric surfaces with nanoripples are ideal for research on plasmonics [3]. Ag nanoparticle arrays created on rippled silicon surfaces have demonstrated excellent sensing of molecules through surface

Using gold nanoparticles to detect single-nucleotide polymorphisms: toward liquid biopsy

• María Sanromán Iglesias and
• Marek Grzelczak

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 263–284, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.20

• seconds even at sub-picomolar concentration. Here, we review recent advancements in the development of sensors based on metallic nanoparticles for the detection of mutations in circulating tumor DNA molecules. By introducing the importance of DNA molecules as biomarkers in the field of liquid biopsy and

Rational design of block copolymer self-assemblies in photodynamic therapy

• Maxime Demazeau,
• Laure Gibot,
• Anne-Françoise Mingotaud,
• Patricia Vicendo,
• Clément Roux and
• Barbara Lonetti

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 180–212, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.15

Gold and silver dichroic nanocomposite in the quest for 3D printing the Lycurgus cup

• Lars Kool,
• Floris Dekker,
• Anton Bunschoten,
• Glen J. Smales,
• Brian R. Pauw,
• Aldrik H. Velders and
• Vittorio Saggiomo

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 16–23, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.2

• scientists for centuries, was discovered to be due to the presence of nanoparticles in the glass. This effect was due to two different metallic nanoparticles: silver nanoparticles (AgNP) and gold nanoparticles (AuNP). While the latters are responsible for the red plasmonic colour, the silver nanoparticles

• metallic nanoparticles and modern technology such as 3D printing, recreate an artefact from more than 1600 years ago which has puzzled scientists for centuries? The results presented here are more general and can be applied in chemistry, physics and materials science. For example, the colour of the

Use of data processing for rapid detection of the prostate-specific antigen biomarker using immunomagnetic sandwich-type sensors

• Camila A. Proença,
• Tayane A. Freitas,
• Thaísa A. Baldo,
• Elsa M. Materón,
• Flávio M. Shimizu,
• Gabriella R. Ferreira,
• Frederico L. F. Soares,
• Ronaldo C. Faria and
• Osvaldo N. Oliveira Jr.

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2171–2181, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.210

• electrical or electrochemical signal. The choice of the molecular architecture for the electrochemical immunosensors is crucial for obtaining high sensitivity and specificity. The matrix on which the bioactive layer is deposited may contain metallic nanoparticles to enhance the electrochemical response [8][9

The influence of porosity on nanoparticle formation in hierarchical aluminophosphates

• Matthew E. Potter,
• Lauren N. Riley,
• Alice E. Oakley,
• Panashe M. Mhembere,
• June Callison and
• Robert Raja

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1952–1957, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.191

• : aluminophosphate; catalysis; hierarchical catalysts; nanoparticles; porosity; Findings The controlled synthetic design of metallic nanoparticles has generated significant interest in recent decades due to their implementation in a range of fields, including medicine [1], optics [2] and catalysis [3]. Given the

Toxicity and safety study of silver and gold nanoparticles functionalized with cysteine and glutathione

• Barbara Pem,
• Igor M. Pongrac,
• Lea Ulm,
• Ivan Pavičić,
• Valerije Vrček,
• Darija Domazet Jurašin,
• Marija Ljubojević,
• Adela Krivohlavek and
• Ivana Vinković Vrček

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1802–1817, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.175

• Zagreb, Croatia 10.3762/bjnano.10.175 Abstract This study was designed to evaluate the nano–bio interactions between endogenous biothiols (cysteine and glutathione) with biomedically relevant, metallic nanoparticles (silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and gold nanoparticles (AuNPs)), in order to assess the

• . Keywords: biocompatibility; cysteine; ecotoxicity; glutathione; nano–bio interactions; nanosafety; nanotoxicity; Introduction Metallic nanoparticles (NPs) such as silver and gold have been employed in a wide range of products and applications in the biomedical field owing to their remarkable physico

• with previously published toxicity data on polymer- or citrate-coated AgNPs and AuNPs indicated that functionalization with CYS- or GSH-reduced the NP toxicity towards D. magna (see Table S4 in Supporting Information File 1). Conclusion As the interest in metallic nanoparticles for biomedical use grows

Fabrication of silver nanoisland films by pulsed laser deposition for surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy

• Bogusław Budner,
• Mariusz Kuźma,
• Barbara Nasiłowska,
• Bartosz Bartosewicz,
• Malwina Liszewska and
• Bartłomiej J. Jankiewicz

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 882–893, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.89

• the size, shape, and arrangements of nanostructures, the material they are made of and the surrounding medium [6]. One of the easiest nanostructures to produce are metallic nanoparticles (NPs). Alone or in composites with other materials, they find numerous applications in plasmonic photocatalysis [7

• ][8][9], photovoltaics [10] or optical sensing through localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) [11]. It is therefore not surprising that quite a number of studies have been initiated and performed in order to design and fabricate highly active SERS substrates based on metallic nanoparticles and

Enhancement in thermoelectric properties due to Ag nanoparticles incorporated in Bi₂Te₃ matrix

• Srashti Gupta,
• Dinesh Chandra Agarwal,
• Bathula Sivaiah,
• Sankarakumar Amrithpandian,
• Kandasami Asokan,
• Ajay Dhar,
• Binaya Kumar Panigrahi,
• Devesh Kumar Avasthi and
• Vinay Gupta

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 634–643, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.63

• matrix have been synthesized and a dramatic enhancement in ZT by 304% for 2 vol % Ag in Bi2Te3 has been reported [20]. One research group submitted a patent on solvothermally synthesized low-dimensional nanocrystals of bismuth telluride covered by 0.001 wt %, 0.05 wt % Au or 0.05 wt % Ag metallic

• nanoparticles that yield both a higher power factor and figure of merit than pure Bi2Te3 [21]. An enhanced Seebeck coefficient (S) could compensate for the reduction in electrical conductivity to some extent maintaining S2σ as unaffected as possible. Through the metal fraction in the matrix or the synthesis

Gold nanoparticles embedded in a polymer as a 3D-printable dichroic nanocomposite material

• Lars Kool,
• Anton Bunschoten,
• Aldrik H. Velders and
• Vittorio Saggiomo

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 442–447, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.43

• , where craftsmen, unaware of the existence of surface plasmon resonance [3], used metallic nanoparticles for coloring mosaic tiles, pottery and glass [4][5]. Metallic nanoparticles were also used for staining glass during medieval times, examples of which can still be found in many churches and

Comparative biological effects of spherical noble metal nanoparticles (Rh, Pd, Ag, Pt, Au) with 4–8 nm diameter

• Alexander Rostek,
• Marina Breisch,
• Kevin Pappert,
• Kateryna Loza,
• Marc Heggen,
• Manfred Köller,
• Christina Sengstock and
• Matthias Epple

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2763–2774, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.258

• , palladium, platinum, gold) that do not release ions are not cytotoxic under these conditions. Keywords: cytotoxicity; electron microscopy; metals; nanoparticles; nanotoxicity; Introduction Inorganic and metallic nanoparticles represent a well-established part of materials science, heterogeneous catalysis

Silencing the second harmonic generation from plasmonic nanodimers: A comprehensive discussion

• Jérémy Butet,
• Gabriel D. Bernasconi and
• Olivier J. F. Martin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2674–2683, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.250

• metallic nanoparticles [28][29]. Note that other contributions to the SH signal, namely the χsurf,ttn component of the surface tensor (where t denotes the component tangential to the surface) and bulk contribution, are theoretically allowed but these terms contribute only weakly to the total SH wave [28

Polarization-dependent strong coupling between silver nanorods and photochromic molecules

• Gwénaëlle Lamri,
• Alessandro Veltri,
• Jean Aubard,
• Pierre-Michel Adam,
• Nordin Felidj and
• Anne-Laure Baudrion

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2657–2664, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.247

• ; Introduction For decades, plasmonic systems have been extensively studied for their potential applications in many research fields. Due to their localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR), metallic nanoparticles have been used to enhance the sensitivity of bio- or chemo-sensors [1], enhance and direct the

• light emitted by quantum dots or molecules [2][3], and to kill cancer cells [4]. This resonance is directly linked to the intrinsic properties of the metallic nanoparticles (depending on the geometry or the nature of the metal), which makes it difficult to easily control its spectral position. Many

• . Indeed, the MC isomer presents an absorption maximum at 570 nm (Figure 1c). We characterized this film (without any metallic nanoparticles) by ellipsometry measurements and verified that the photochromic transition is accompanied by a high refractive index change. Figure 1d shows the variations of the

Au–Si plasmonic platforms: synthesis, structure and FDTD simulations

• Anna Gapska,
• Marcin Łapiński,
• Paweł Syty,
• Wojciech Sadowski,
• Józef E. Sienkiewicz and
• Barbara Kościelska

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2599–2608, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.241

• or subwavelength propagation. There are a lot of methods for the manufacturing of plasmonic platforms. Some of them are relatively simple and cost-effective, but sizes and shapes of the obtained metallic nanoparticles are not homogeneous. On the other hand, there are also methods that can yield more

High-throughput micro-nanostructuring by microdroplet inkjet printing

• Hendrikje R. Neumann and
• Christine Selhuber-Unkel

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2372–2380, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.222

• : biofunctional surfaces; inkjet printing; microstructures; nanolithography; nanoparticles; Introduction Many applications require well-organized micro- and nanoscale patterning of metallic nanoparticles. Examples include high-performance optics [1], multimodal waveguides [2], biosensors [3] and biomaterials [4

The role of adatoms in chloride-activated colloidal silver nanoparticles for surface-enhanced Raman scattering enhancement

• Nicolae Leopold,
• Andrei Stefancu,
• Krisztian Herman,
• István Sz. Tódor,
• Stefania D. Iancu,
• Vlad Moisoiu and
• Loredana F. Leopold

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2236–2247, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.208

• mechanism arises due to enhanced local optical fields at the site of the molecule situated in the close proximity of the metal surface. This local enhancement is determined by the resonant excitation of surface plasmons, which are collective oscillations of the conducting electrons in the metallic

• nanoparticles (also called surface plasmon resonances) [8]. Although this model does not require a chemical contact, the magnitude of the electromagnetic field outside the particle decreases with the third power of radial distance [9]. This means that the field enhancement of Raman scattering decreases strongly

Light–Matter interactions on the nanoscale

• Mohsen Rahmani and
• Chennupati Jagadish

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2125–2127, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.201

• nanostructures, researchers performed detailed studies on the light–matter interaction in the visible and near-infrared region for nanostructures with dimensions on the order of (or even smaller than) the wavelength [7]. Metallic nanoparticles have been most heavily studied particles to bridge the gap between

Synthesis of carbon nanowalls from a single-source metal-organic precursor

• André Giese,
• Sebastian Schipporeit,
• Volker Buck and
• Nicolas Wöhrl

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1895–1905, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.181

• the large surface area of the material. The high aspect ratio together with chemical stability, mechanical strength and electrical conductivity make CNWs an interesting matrix material for catalytic applications. Together with metallic nanoparticles, such as platinum, CNWs could be used in lithium-ion

Synthesis of hafnium nanoparticles and hafnium nanoparticle films by gas condensation and energetic deposition

• Irini Michelakaki,
• Nikos Boukos,
• Dimitrios A. Dragatogiannis,
• Spyros Stathopoulos,
• Costas A. Charitidis and
• Dimitris Tsoukalas

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1868–1880, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.179

• nanoparticles upon landing on the substrate, we tune the porosity and the mechanical properties of the porous NTFs. The mechanical properties of the NTFs were investigated by nanoidentation measurements. We demonstrate this method with Hf nanoparticles but it can be applied to any metallic nanoparticles. We

• , it was shown that NTFs can be patterned on the substrate in sub-micrometer dimensions using conventional lithography. We demonstrated the energetic deposition with Hf nanoparticles, but the technique can be applied to any charged metallic nanoparticles according to the required application. We

Friction force microscopy of tribochemistry and interfacial ageing for the SiO_x/Si/Au system

• Christiane Petzold,
• Marcus Koch and
• Roland Bennewitz

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1647–1658, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.157

• atmosphere by FFM [8]. It has been explained by an increase in the number of covalent bonds across the contact facilitated by the presence of water [12][13]. Ageing of well-defined contacts between metallic nanoparticles and surfaces has also been quantified by displacement of the particles in a FFM

Nanoporous silicon nitride-based membranes of controlled pore size, shape and areal density: Fabrication as well as electrophoretic and molecular filtering characterization

• Axel Seidenstücker,
• Stefan Beirle,
• Fabian Enderle,
• Paul Ziemann,
• Othmar Marti and
• Alfred Plettl

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1390–1398, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.131

• notably, narrow size distributions of the parameters, a more stable and more perfectly shaped etching mask is needed. Therefore, a mask formed by well-ordered metallic nanoparticles (NPs) was preferred. The chosen etching process is a low-power single-step reactive ion etching (RIE) process with CF4/CHF3