Investigations on the optical forces from three mainstream optical resonances in all-dielectric nanostructure arrays

• Guangdong Wang and
• Zhanghua Han

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 674–682, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.53

• move to a region of high field strength to reduce its energy [3]. Unfortunately, due to the diffraction limit, light cannot be focused onto the subwavelength volume; so it is very difficult for optical tweezers to capture nanoscale objects. Recently, plasmonic nanotweezers have proved their capability

• to effectively capture subwavelength nanoparticles by overcoming the diffraction limit [4], which has aroused broad research interest. However, due to the high loss of metals, the Joule heating effect caused by the absorption of light leads to increasing temperatures of plasmonic nanotweezers, and

• continuum (BIC)) which are current in focus nanophotonics research topics, all-dielectric nanostructures have proved themselves to be a good platform for light–matter interactions and an advantageous alternative to their plasmonic counterparts. A TD resonance is produced by the flow of electric currents on

Metal-organic framework-based nanomaterials as opto-electrochemical sensors for the detection of antibiotics and hormones: A review

• Akeem Adeyemi Oladipo,
• Saba Derakhshan Oskouei and
• Mustafa Gazi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 631–673, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.52

• surface chemistry, enabling nanosensors to achieve extremely low detection limits. Numerous nanomaterials shown in Figure 3 have different functionalities, including high conductivity, good catalytic activity, and optical and plasmonic properties, making them attractive candidates for opto-electrochemical

SERS performance of GaN/Ag substrates fabricated by Ag coating of GaN platforms

• Magdalena A. Zając,
• Bogusław Budner,
• Malwina Liszewska,
• Bartosz Bartosewicz,
• Łukasz Gutowski,
• Jan L. Weyher and
• Bartłomiej J. Jankiewicz

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 552–564, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.46

• plasmonic metals or their alloys [23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32]. The chemical and electrochemical etching of GaN heteroepitaxial layers leads to various nanostructures formed on line defects (dislocations), such as straight nanopillars, bunches of nanopillars, and pits [31][32]. The nanostructured

• physical vapor deposition (PVD) methods have been tested to replace MS in coating GaN platforms with plasmonic metals. Pulsed laser deposition (PLD) is an interesting and still not fully explored alternative for the fabrication of SERS substrates [37][38]. Hence, our studies reported herein aimed to

• the MS method. The thickness of Ag layers deposited on GaN platforms by MS was determined by the deposition time (Table 1). In the standard procedure developed in previous studies [28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36], a plasmonic metal layer is deposited for 280 s, forming a Ag layer with

Conjugated photothermal materials and structure design for solar steam generation

• Chia-Yang Lin and
• Tsuyoshi Michinobu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 454–466, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.36

• nonradiative relaxation of excited electrons to the ground state. Depending on the interaction mechanism, photothermal phenomena are classified into three categories, namely plasmonic local heating of metals, nonradiative relaxation of semiconductors, and thermal vibration relaxation of conjugated molecules

Plasmonic nanotechnology for photothermal applications – an evaluation

• A. R. Indhu,
• L. Keerthana and
• Gnanaprakash Dharmalingam

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 380–419, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.33

• A. R. Indhu L. Keerthana Gnanaprakash Dharmalingam Plasmonic Nanomaterials Laboratory, PSG Institute of Advanced Studies, Coimbatore-641004, India 10.3762/bjnano.14.33 Abstract The application of plasmonic nanoparticles is motivated by the phenomenon of surface plasmon resonance. Owing to the

• absorbed light to heat by these particles, has led to thriving research regarding the utilization of plasmonic nanoparticles for a myriad of applications. The design of conventional nanomaterials for PT conversion has focussed predominantly on the manipulation of photon absorption through bandgap

• engineering, doping, incorporation, and modification of suitable matrix materials. Plasmonic nanomaterials offer an alternative and attractive approach in this regard, through the flexibility in the excitation of surface plasmons. Specific advantages are the considerable improved bandwidth of the absorption

New trends in nanobiotechnology

• Pau-Loke Show,
• Kit Wayne Chew,
• Wee-Jun Ong,
• Sunita Varjani and
• Joon Ching Juan

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 377–379, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.32

• agent for nanomaterials synthesis. The review is concluded providing an outlook of these two components (i.e., deep eutectic solvents and carrageenan) as alternatives for the formation of plasmonic metal nanoparticles. The importance of applying these tools to improve the physicochemical properties and

Quasi-guided modes resulting from the band folding effect in a photonic crystal slab for enhanced interactions of matters with free-space radiations

• Kaili Sun,
• Yangjian Cai,
• Uriel Levy and
• Zhanghua Han

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 322–328, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.27

• lead to an in-plane wave number-dependent resonance characteristic in both directions. Our numerical results demonstrate a local enhancement of the electric field magnitude by the order of 102, which is even more significant than those in most plasmonic structures. These quasi-guided modes with

• . Plasmonic nanoantennas [3], although with relatively low Q-factors resulting from material dissipation, still provide a large level of field enhancement due to the deep-subwavelength level of mode confinement. As new alternatives to plasmonic nanostructures, all-dielectric nanostructures supporting Mie

• larger than that of most plasmonic nanoantennas, suggesting the great potential of these QGMs for enhanced light–matter interactions. We use GMs supported by a regular PCS structure composed of a square lattice of air holes perforating a thin silicon (refractive index: 3.45) film on a silica (refractive

Bismuth-based nanostructured photocatalysts for the remediation of antibiotics and organic dyes

• Akeem Adeyemi Oladipo and
• Faisal Suleiman Mustafa

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 291–321, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.26

• promising green and sustainable wastewater treatment method for a cleaner environment. Due to their narrow bandgaps, distinctive layered structures, plasmonic, piezoelectric and ferroelectric properties, and desirable physicochemical features, bismuth-based nanostructure photocatalysts have emerged as one

• charges and, hence, increase photocatalytic activity, metallic bismuth can function as a direct plasmonic photocatalyst (similar to Au and Ag) or a co-catalyst [77]. Also, the unique layered crystal structure of Aurivillius-type bismuth oxide-based semiconductors allows for the induction of an internal

• plasmonic and photocatalytic properties. The typical and most recently applied bismuth-based nanostructure photocatalysts are depicted in Figure 2. Structural, optoelectronic, and magnetic properties Bismuth's peculiar optical, electronic, and more recently discovered photocatalytic and plasmonic properties

Concentration-dependent photothermal conversion efficiency of gold nanoparticles under near-infrared laser and broadband irradiation

• Vikas,
• Raj Kumar and
• Sanjeev Soni

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 205–217, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.20

• –11% increase in efficiency. Under NIR laser irradiation, the photothermal conversion efficiency increases with an increase in optical power. The findings will facilitate the selection of nanoparticle concentrations, irradiation source, and irradiation power for a variety of plasmonic photothermal

• applications. Keywords: broadband irradiation; gold nanoparticles; laser; near-infrared; photothermal conversion efficiency; plasmonics; Introduction Plasmonic photothermal properties of gold nanoparticles (GNPs) are useful for a variety of applications including those in biomedicine, such as drug delivery

• , therapeutics, and diagnostics [1][2][3][4][5]. The interaction of free electrons of gold nanoparticles with electromagnetic fields leads to oscillations of the electrons at plasmonic resonance frequencies. Nonradioactive decay of these oscillations causes the conversion of electromagnetic energy into heat [6

Characterisation of a micrometer-scale active plasmonic element by means of complementary computational and experimental methods

• Ciarán Barron,
• Giulia Di Fazio,
• Samuel Kenny,
• Silas O’Toole,
• Robin O’Reilly and
• Dominic Zerulla

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 110–122, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.12

• Ciaran Barron Giulia Di Fazio Samuel Kenny Silas O'Toole Robin O'Reilly Dominic Zerulla School of Physics, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland 10.3762/bjnano.14.12 Abstract In this article, we investigate an active plasmonic element which will act as the key building block for

• controlling electromagnetic fields at the nanoscale through external manipulation of the materials’ properties. Here, we present the characterisation of a recently developed active plasmonic element [5] through two complementary experimental methods. Active plasmonic elements have applications in future

• detection methods [19][20], as their formation is highly dependent on refractive index changes, and sub-wavelength optics [21]. Our active plasmonic element also provides the potential for an even more sensitive technique. Active plasmonics has further advantages due to the tunable nature of the physics

Combining physical vapor deposition structuration with dealloying for the creation of a highly efficient SERS platform

• Adrien Chauvin,
• Walter Puglisi,
• Damien Thiry,
• Cristina Satriano,
• Rony Snyders and
• Carla Bittencourt

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 83–94, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.10

• Nanostructured noble metal thin films are highly studied for their interesting plasmonic properties. The latter can be effectively used for the detection of small and highly diluted molecules by the surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) effect. Regardless of impressive detection limits achieved, synthesis

Gap-directed chemical lift-off lithographic nanoarchitectonics for arbitrary sub-micrometer patterning

• Chang-Ming Wang,
• Hong-Sheng Chan,
• Chia-Li Liao,
• Che-Wei Chang and
• Wei-Ssu Liao

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 34–44, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.4

• with sharp edges originating from mathematical geometry designs, the results of this study are expected to have deep implications in the facile fabrication of plasmonic structures, waveguides, and diverse nanostructures. Experimental Materials and chemicals 11-Mercaptoundecanol (MCU), triethylene

• to other substrates for useful applications such as plasmonic signal enhancement, waveguides, and nanopores with specialized designs. This method is a large improvement over conventional soft lithographic techniques as the employment of minute gaps in collapsing stamps allow even finer patterns to be

Supramolecular assembly of pentamidine and polymeric cyclodextrin bimetallic core–shell nanoarchitectures

• Alexandru-Milentie Hada,
• Nina Burduja,
• Marco Abbate,
• Claudio Stagno,
• Guy Caljon,
• Louis Maes,
• Nicola Micale,
• Massimiliano Cordaro,
• Angela Scala,
• Antonino Mazzaglia and
• Anna Piperno

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1361–1369, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.112

• classifying them in plasmonic NPs (size > 5 nm) and nanoclusters (size < 5 nm). When dimensions exceed 5 nm, NPs exhibit a unique optical phenomenon called localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) which represents the collective oscillation of conduction band electrons after interaction between NPs and an

• electromagnetic field [4]. However, for <5 nm sized NPs, the LSPR phenomenon disappears, and they exhibit a tunable intrinsic photoluminescence with high Stokes shift and excellent photostability [5]. Plasmonic NPs can be produced in monometallic (MNPs) or bimetallic (BMNPs) forms and, in the latter, the internal

• inclusion of the drug into CD cavities. Although we observed a red shift of the plasmonic band in UV–vis spectra (Figure 4B), the grafting of Pent to the silver surface was excluded by Raman analyses (Supporting Information File 1, Figure S1). Overall, these data suggested privileged interactions of Pent

Recent trends in Bi-based nanomaterials: challenges, fabrication, enhancement techniques, and environmental applications

• Vishal Dutta,
• Ankush Chauhan,
• Ritesh Verma,
• C. Gopalkrishnan and
• Van-Huy Nguyen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1316–1336, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.109

• plasmonic photocatalyst. Nanospheres, nanorods, and nanosheets can be synthesized using various techniques. Hydrothermal calcination, template synthesis, precipitation, reverse micro-emulsion, sonochemical procedures, and microwave methods are typical techniques for fabricating Bi-based nanostructures [77

• semiconductor surface. SPRs can potentially boost quantum yield by broadening the spectral response range of semiconductors. Fe, Au, Co, Ag, Ni, Bi, Al, and other metallic elements are often deposited and doped. For example, a nanostructure composite based on plasmonic Ag metal nanoclusters and monoclinic BiVO4

Effects of focused electron beam irradiation parameters on direct nanostructure formation on Ag surfaces

• Jānis Sniķeris,
• Vjačeslavs Gerbreders,
• Andrejs Bulanovs and
• Ēriks Sļedevskis

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1004–1010, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.87

• surfaces undergoing irradiation by a focused electron beam. Keywords: atomic force microscopy; electron beam; lithography; nanostructure; silver; sputtering; surface; Introduction Metallic nanostructures have various uses, including in nano-electro-mechanical systems [1], plasmonic biosensors [2], and

• nanophotonics [3]. They can also serve as catalysts for controlled chemical vapour deposition [4]. While gold is the most widely used material for fabrication of plasmonic nanostructures, silver can offer a less expensive alternative [5][6][7]. Electron beam (EB) lithography is a popular method for the

Direct measurement of surface photovoltage by AC bias Kelvin probe force microscopy

• Masato Miyazaki,
• Yasuhiro Sugawara and
• Yan Jun Li

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 712–720, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.63

• features as band bending [3][4], the lifetimes of excited carriers [5][6][7], the minority carrier diffusion length [8][9], and the plasmonic effect [10][11][12]. The local SPV is usually measured by Kelvin probe force microscopy (KPFM) [13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21], which is based on atomic force

Detection and imaging of Hg(II) in vivo using glutathione-functionalized gold nanoparticles

• Gufeng Li,
• Shaoqing Li,
• Rui Wang,
• Min Yang,
• Lizhu Zhang,
• Yanli Zhang,
• Wenrong Yang and
• Hongbin Wang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 549–559, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.46

• , caused by a change in the local dielectric environment and the plasmonic absorption bands of GSH and GSH-Rh6G2-modified GNPs [43][44]. The maximum fluorescence absorption peak of GNPs-GSH-Rh6G2 is at 536 nm, whereas the emission peak is at 560 nm (Figure 1d). The excitation of GNPs-GSH-Rh6G2 was examined

Zinc oxide nanostructures for fluorescence and Raman signal enhancement: a review

• Ioana Marica,
• Fran Nekvapil,
• Maria Ștefan,
• Cosmin Farcău and
• Alexandra Falamaș

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 472–490, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.40

• fluorescence (SEF), these techniques have shown huge potential for applications in biomedicine, biotechnology, and optical sensors. Both methods rely on the high electromagnetic fields created at locations on the surface of plasmonic metal nanoparticles, depending on the geometry of the nanoparticles, their

• Previous simulations have shown that the Ag NPs exhibit the greatest plasmonic activity in the excitation wavelength range of 400–520 nm and the greatest absorption and electric field energy enhancement at the size of 50–60 nm, while for AuNPs these ranges are 525–580 and 90–100 nm (and potentially bigger

• ), respectively [63]. For pure spherical Zn NPs, on average 28 ± 5 nm in diameter, obtained by vacuum magnetron sputtering on molten quartz, the plasmonic resonance is located around 240 and 290 nm, while for ZnO NPs, the maximum is around 360 nm [64]. In addition, ZnO nanosubstrates serve as carriers of Ag or Au

Tin dioxide nanomaterial-based photocatalysts for nitrogen oxide oxidation: a review

• Viet Van Pham,
• Hong-Huy Tran,
• Thao Kim Truong and
• Thi Minh Cao

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 96–113, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.7

• al. on using Ag@SnO2 NPs for removing NO, taking advantage of plasmonic-induced photocatalysis [72]. The Ag@SnO2 NPs were fabricated by a simple and green approach using hydrothermal growth and photoreduction deposition. The introduction of Ag induced a bending of the band structure of SnO2 NPs

Sputtering onto liquids: a critical review

• Anastasiya Sergievskaya,
• Adrien Chauvin and
• Stephanos Konstantinidis

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 10–53, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.2

Plasmon-enhanced photoluminescence from TiO₂ and TeO₂ thin films doped by Eu³⁺ for optoelectronic applications

• Marcin Łapiński,
• Jakub Czubek,
• Katarzyna Drozdowska,
• Anna Synak,
• Wojciech Sadowski and
• Barbara Kościelska

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 1271–1278, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.94

• luminescence properties of europium-doped titanium dioxide and tellurium oxide thin films enhanced by gold plasmonic nanostructures. We propose a new type of plasmon structure with an ultrathin dielectric film between plasmonic platform and luminescent material. Plasmonic platforms were manufactured through

• . Potential new materials can be found through the computation of luminescent thin films and plasmonic platforms. Such a hybrid structure can be formed by thin oxide layers doped with rare-earth ions deposited on metal nanostructures [1][2][3]. Plasmonic resonance can be observed in metallic nanostructures

• , so-called plasmonic platforms, and thin films. Among different plasmonic materials, gold nanostructures exhibit resonance in the visible range and have been extensively studied as a material for light absorption and emission improvement [4][5][6][7][8]. Titanium dioxide seems to be one of the most

Morphology-driven gas sensing by fabricated fractals: A review

• Vishal Kamathe and
• Rupali Nagar

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 1187–1208, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.88

• plasmonic gold (Au) metasurface for sensing volatile organic compounds (VOCs) [49]. This modification enhanced the plasmonic field and local surface plasmonic resonance (LSPR). The influence of the gold nanodisk diameter and the average thickness of the TiO2 fractal on LSPR sensing of VOCs, specifically

• Plasmonic Metasurfaces for Selective and Sensitive Optical Sensing of Volatile Compounds”, Advanced Materials, with permission from John Wiley & Sons. Copyright © 2018 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim. This content is not subject to CC BY 4.0. TiO2 fractals on candle soot templates. SEM images of

Assessment of the optical and electrical properties of light-emitting diodes containing carbon-based nanostructures and plasmonic nanoparticles: a review

• Keshav Nagpal,
• Erwan Rauwel,
• Frédérique Ducroquet and
• Protima Rauwel

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 1078–1092, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.80

• quantum efficiencies, and luminance. De facto, plasmonic nanoparticles, such as Au and Ag have boosted the luminance of red, green, and blue emissions. When combined with carbon nanostructures they additionally offer new possibilities towards lightweight and flexible devices with better thermal management

• . This review surveys the diverse possibilities to combine various inorganic, organic, and carbon nanostructures along with plasmonic nanoparticles. Such combinations would allow an enhancement in the overall properties of LED. Keywords: carbon nanotubes (CNT); graphene; light-emitting diodes (LED

• ); plasmonic nanoparticles; quantum dots; Review Introduction Nanomaterials have engendered the miniaturization of devices, bringing about advances in a variety of fields, such as biomedicine, environmental technologies, optoelectronics, and photocatalysis [1][2]. In particular, light-emitting diodes (LED

The role of deep eutectic solvents and carrageenan in synthesizing biocompatible anisotropic metal nanoparticles

• Nabojit Das,
• Akash Kumar and
• Raja Gopal Rayavarapu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 924–938, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.69

• ), Ghaziabad 201002, India 10.3762/bjnano.12.69 Abstract Plasmonic metal nanoparticles are widely used for many applications due to their unique optical and chemical properties. Over the past decade, anisotropic metal nanoparticles have been explored for imaging, sensing, and diagnostic applications. The

• utilizing safe nanomaterials for advanced biomedical and clinical applications. Keywords: anisotropic nanoparticles; carrageenan; cytotoxicity; eutectic solvents; surfactants; Review Introduction Plasmonic metals such as gold and silver, upon achieving nanoscale dimensions, exhibit unusual physicochemical

• characteristics, such as interesting plasmonic, optical and catalytic properties, and facile surface modification with tunable size and morphology [1]. Among these properties, the ability of surface plasmon resonance (SPR) at visible to near-infrared (NIR) wavelengths is the most striking characteristic feature

Modification of a SERS-active Ag surface to promote adsorption of charged analytes: effect of Cu²⁺ ions

• Bahdan V. Ranishenka,
• Andrei Yu. Panarin,
• Irina A. Chelnokova,
• Sergei N. Terekhov,
• Peter Mojzes and
• Vadim V. Shmanai

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 902–912, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.67

• the electrostatic interaction between analyte molecules and silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) on the intensity of surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS). For this, we fabricated nanostructured plasmonic films by immobilization of Ag NPs on glass plates and functionalized them by a set of differently

• of metallic NP arrays with controllable parameters such as size, shape, interparticle distance, and ordering degree [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12], with a focus on plasmonic structures with a high density of “hot spots”. Due to the progress in nanotechnology, a large number of highly sensitive SERS

• substrates has been synthesized [1][13]. The design of SERS substrates commonly aims at maximizing the plasmonic effect of Raman enhancement. There are two generally recognized mechanisms responsible for the SERS enhancement, namely electromagnetic enhancement (EM) and chemical enhancement (CE) [14][15]. The