Beyond Moore’s technologies: operation principles of a superconductor alternative

• Igor I. Soloviev,
• Nikolay V. Klenov,
• Sergey V. Bakurskiy,
• Mikhail Yu. Kupriyanov,
• Alexander L. Gudkov and
• Anatoli S. Sidorenko

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2689–2710, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.269

Involvement of two uptake mechanisms of gold and iron oxide nanoparticles in a co-exposure scenario using mouse macrophages

• Dimitri Vanhecke,
• Dagmar A. Kuhn,
• Dorleta Jimenez de Aberasturi,
• Sandor Balog,
• Ana Milosevic,
• Dominic Urban,
• Diana Peckys,
• Niels de Jonge,
• Wolfgang J. Parak,
• Alke Petri-Fink and
• Barbara Rothen-Rutishauser

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2396–2409, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.239

• by analytical methods to assess their cellular uptake mechanisms and intracellular distribution after uptake at the single-cell level. Both NP types were provided to the cells both as single exposure, or combined as co-exposure. The NP behaviour in complete-serum-containing cell culture media was

A nanocomplex of C₆₀ fullerene with cisplatin: design, characterization and toxicity

• Svitlana Prylutska,
• Svitlana Politenkova,
• Kateryna Afanasieva,
• Volodymyr Korolovych,
• Kateryna Bogutska,
• Andriy Sivolob,
• Larysa Skivka,
• Maxim Evstigneev,
• Viktor Kostjukov,
• Yuriy Prylutskyy and
• Uwe Ritter

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1494–1501, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.149

• correlation between the genotoxic response and the concentration of an aqueous suspension of nC60 (178 nm in size) was observed at 2.2 µg/L in human lymphocytes using a single-cell gel electrophoresis assay [27]. In contrast, with stable C60 fullerene suspensions in 0.1% carboxymethylcellulose sodium or 0.1

Low uptake of silica nanoparticles in Caco-2 intestinal epithelial barriers

• Dong Ye,
• Mattia Bramini,
• Delyan R. Hristov,
• Sha Wan,
• Anna Salvati,
• Christoffer Åberg and
• Kenneth A. Dawson

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1396–1406, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.141

• into the Caco-2 barrier. In the context of nanomedicine, the low internalisation could suggest that oral administration routes may lead to poor transport across the intestinal epithelium. For nanosafety, toxic responses measured for single cell cultures (where internalisation is usually substantial

Nano-engineered skin mesenchymal stem cells: potential vehicles for tumour-targeted quantum-dot delivery

• Liga Saulite,
• Dominyka Dapkute,
• Karlis Pleiko,
• Ineta Popena,
• Simona Steponkiene,
• Ricardas Rotomskis and
• Una Riekstina

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1218–1230, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.123

• Phalloidin Alexa Fluor488 (Thermo Fisher Scientific, USA) as previously described and analysed using confocal microscopy. Quantification of the QD fluorescent signal was achieved using Nis-Elements C 4.13 software. Single cell borders were defined according to the Phalloidin Alexa488 staining. The mean

• fluorescence was measured in the middle z-section of the cell in the red channel only. As a control, the background mean fluorescence from different parts of the image was measured. The QD fluorescence intensity of single cells was calculated by subtracting the background mean intensity from the single-cell

Uptake of the proteins HTRA1 and HTRA2 by cells mediated by calcium phosphate nanoparticles

• Olga Rotan,
• Katharina N. Severin,
• Simon Pöpsel,
• Alexander Peetsch,
• Melisa Merdanovic,
• Michael Ehrmann and
• Matthias Epple

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 381–393, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.40

• -scatter width (SSC-H versus SSC-W) and forward-scatter height versus forward-scatter width (FSC-H versus FSC-W) were used to gate out cell aggregates and to ensure single cell analysis. 10,000 cells were analysed per sample, and all samples were measured in duplicates. The uptake of fluorescently labelled

Tandem polymer solar cells: simulation and optimization through a multiscale scheme

• Fanan Wei,
• Ligang Yao,
• Fei Lan,
• Guangyong Li and
• Lianqing Liu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 123–133, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.13

• compared to single cell devices. However, thus far, structures of tandem polymer solar cells have not been intensively studied given the complexity, and there is still a large margin for the improvement of such devices. To date, a significant amount of trial-and-error experimental work [7][12] has been

Viability and proliferation of endothelial cells upon exposure to GaN nanoparticles

• Tudor Braniste,
• Ion Tiginyanu,
• Tibor Horvath,
• Simion Raevschi,
• Serghei Cebotari,
• Marco Lux,
• Axel Haverich and
• Andres Hilfiker

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1330–1337, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.124

• . Since each cell division reduces the number of the incorporated GaN nanoparticles by 50%, the load of GaN nanoparticles in a single cell diminishes with time. The growth of endothelial cells on top of fixed nanoparticles avoids the internalization process of nanoparticles by cells. Surface

Advanced atomic force microscopy techniques III

• Thilo Glatzel and
• Thomas Schimmel

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1052–1054, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.98

• developed an advanced microscope capable of obtaining nanoscale topography as well as mechanical properties by multifrequency AFM at high speed. They combined recent progress in increased imaging speed and photothermal actuation in a unique and versatile AFM head using ultrasmall cantilevers [18]. Single

• -cell force spectroscopy is used by a biophysics group around Jonne Helenius to quantify the contribution of cell adhesion to specific substrates at both the cell and single molecule level [19]. Furthermore, physico-mechanical properties of intestinal cells were elucidated by force curve measurements by

Templated green synthesis of plasmonic silver nanoparticles in onion epidermal cells suitable for surface-enhanced Raman and hyper-Raman scattering

• Marta Espina Palanco,
• Klaus Bo Mogensen,
• Marina Gühlke,
• Zsuzsanna Heiner,
• Janina Kneipp and
• Katrin Kneipp

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 834–840, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.75

• evidence of the capability of the “green” silver nanostructures to enhance one- and two-photon-excited optical processes. Experimental Sample preparation A single cell layer of a red onion, purchased from the supermarket, was peeled from fresh vegetables and pieces of about 1 cm2 were placed in an aqueous

Mismatch detection in DNA monolayers by atomic force microscopy and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy

• Maryse D. Nkoua Ngavouka,
• Pietro Capaldo,
• Elena Ambrosetti,
• Giacinto Scoles,
• Loredana Casalis and
• Pietro Parisse

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 220–227, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.20

• multiplexing. Ultimate sensitivity has been demonstrated for these arrays (100 pM, [41]), making them overall amenable to less invasive diagnostic analysis with a sensible reduction of the volume of the analyte till single cell [26]. Finally, our electrochemical measurements combine high sensitivity with real

• SNP, confirming the relevance of immobilized DNA on solid supports in life science studies, including single cell RNA characterization, gene expression profile and genetic variability. Moreover, the complementarity of the two techniques (one more sensitive to the morphological and mechanical changes

From lithium to sodium: cell chemistry of room temperature sodium–air and sodium–sulfur batteries

• Philipp Adelhelm,
• Pascal Hartmann,
• Conrad L. Bender,
• Martin Busche,
• Christine Eufinger and
• Juergen Janek

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 1016–1055, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.105

Mechanical properties of MDCK II cells exposed to gold nanorods

• Anna Pietuch,
• Bastian Rouven Brückner,
• David Schneider,
• Marco Tarantola,
• Christina Rosman,
• Carsten Sönnichsen and
• Andreas Janshoff

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 223–231, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.21

• generating boundaries as opposed to a single cell, where the boundary is given by the substrate itself. We justify this approach also by AFM topography images of confluent untreated MDCK II cells that reveal a distance of the apex of the cell to the cell–cell boundaries, i.e., the height of the apical cap

Caveolin-1 and CDC42 mediated endocytosis of silica-coated iron oxide nanoparticles in HeLa cells

• Nils Bohmer and
• Andreas Jordan

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 167–176, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.16

• single layers in each experiment. To calculate an average fluorescence intensity of SCIONs for a whole cell population, the overall fluorescence of the dye Alexa Fluor® 555 in every single cell was determined. Therefore the sensitivity of the nanoparticle channel was adjusted to the distinct vesicles

Increasing throughput of AFM-based single cell adhesion measurements through multisubstrate surfaces

• Miao Yu,
• Nico Strohmeyer,
• Jinghe Wang,
• Daniel J. Müller and
• Jonne Helenius

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 157–166, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.15

• cells regulate adhesion by expressing and regulating a diverse array of cell adhesion molecules on their cell surfaces. Since different cell types express distinct sets of cell adhesion molecules, substrate-specific adhesion is cell type- and condition-dependent. Single-cell force spectroscopy is used

• to quantify the contribution of cell adhesion molecules to adhesion of cells to specific substrates at both the cell and single molecule level. However, the low throughput of single-cell adhesion experiments greatly limits the number of substrates that can be examined. In order to overcome this

• matrix proteins, fibronectin, collagen I and laminin 332, was examined. The adhesion of each cell line to different matrix proteins was found to be distinct; no two cell lines adhered equally to each of the proteins. The PDMS masks improved the throughput limitation of single-cell force spectroscopy and

Mammalian cell growth on gold nanoparticle-decorated substrates is influenced by the nanoparticle coating

• Christina Rosman,
• Sebastien Pierrat,
• Marco Tarantola,
• David Schneider,
• Eva Sunnick,
• Andreas Janshoff and
• Carsten Sönnichsen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 2479–2488, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.257

• small fraction of initially seeded cells detaches, since not every single cell properly develops after attachment to the substrate. A reduction by 45% (as compared to the untreated control) in the number of cells initially adherent resulted for the sample with a CTAB nanorods-patterned substrate. A

• evaluation regarding an obvious expansion (or not) is performed. Hence, the spreading variability among the cells is neglected and the extent of proliferation is not quantified. After inspection of each single cell, the number of cells showing an increase in spreading area is normalized to the number of

Interaction of dermatologically relevant nanoparticles with skin cells and skin

• Annika Vogt,
• Fiorenza Rancan,
• Sebastian Ahlberg,
• Berouz Nazemi,
• Chun Sik Choe,
• Maxim E. Darvin,
• Sabrina Hadam,
• Ulrike Blume-Peytavi,
• Kateryna Loza,
• Jörg Diendorf,
• Matthias Epple,
• Christina Graf,
• Eckart Rühl,
• Martina C. Meinke and
• Jürgen Lademann

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 2363–2373, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.245

• and sectioning poses technical challenges, especially when ultrathin sections must be prepared for analysis with high resolution techniques, such as STXM or electron microscopy. Preparation of single-cell suspensions from tissue samples pretreated with nanoparticles overcomes challenges associated

• with fixation and sectioning. The cells remain intact and can be analyzed by flow cytometry or single cell microscopy. For our studies on skin penetration of silica particles, we prepared single-cell suspensions of skin samples treated with fluorescent particles and performed flow cytometry and single

• microscopy of cryosections obtained from human skin samples treated with fluorescent silica particles. The single cell suspensions were prepared after separation of epidermis from the dermis by dispase digestion. For detailed investigation of uptake by Langerhans cells, this population was enriched by

PVP-coated, negatively charged silver nanoparticles: A multi-center study of their physicochemical characteristics, cell culture and in vivo experiments

• Sebastian Ahlberg,
• Alexandra Antonopulos,
• Jörg Diendorf,
• Ralf Dringen,
• Matthias Epple,
• Rebekka Flöck,
• Wolfgang Goedecke,
• Christina Graf,
• Nadine Haberl,
• Jens Helmlinger,
• Fabian Herzog,
• Frederike Heuer,
• Stephanie Hirn,
• Christian Johannes,
• Stefanie Kittler,
• Manfred Köller,
• Katrin Korn,
• Wolfgang G. Kreyling,
• Fritz Krombach,
• Jürgen Lademann,
• Kateryna Loza,
• Eva M. Luther,
• Marcelina Malissek,
• Martina C. Meinke,
• Daniel Nordmeyer,
• Anne Pailliart,
• Jörg Raabe,
• Fiorenza Rancan,
• Barbara Rothen-Rutishauser,
• Eckart Rühl,
• Carsten Schleh,
• Andreas Seibel,
• Christina Sengstock,
• Lennart Treuel,
• Annika Vogt,
• Katrin Weber and
• Reinhard Zellner

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 1944–1965, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.205

Imaging the intracellular degradation of biodegradable polymer nanoparticles

• Anne-Kathrin Barthel,
• Martin Dass,
• Melanie Dröge,
• Jens-Michael Cramer,
• Daniela Baumann,
• Markus Urban,
• Katharina Landfester,
• Volker Mailänder and
• Ingo Lieberwirth

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 1905–1917, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.201

• cells (MSCs) were chosen because they are promising candidates for regenerative medicine [18][19] and they show a moderate cleavage rate without addition of transfection agents or mitotic inhibitors [20][21]. Common strategies to monitor and quantify the nanoparticle load on a single cell level are

• based on detecting fluorescently labeled nanoparticles on a single cell level using time- and space-resolved microscopy-based techniques [22][23]. However, these techniques simply quantify the average number of nanoparticles per cell. For our purpose, however, the local release of magnetite from the

Carbon-based smart nanomaterials in biomedicine and neuroengineering

• Antonina M. Monaco and
• Michele Giugliano

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 1849–1863, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.196

• coating did not alter single-cell excitability (b). Reproduced and modified from [130] with permission. Copyright 2010 Elsevier. Sketch of the device for recording the extracellular electrical activity of cultured neuronal networks, developed by Ariano and co-workers. Cells (4) are plated in the recording

Precise quantification of silica and ceria nanoparticle uptake revealed by 3D fluorescence microscopy

• Adriano A. Torrano and
• Christoph Bräuchle

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 1616–1624, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.173

• ., cell-cycle phase dependency, and load capacity), and the number of nanoparticles available for uptake. Conclusion The possibility to quantify nanoparticles on the single-cell level is an important step to better understand the mechanisms of nanoparticles-cell interactions. In this work it was

Current state of laser synthesis of metal and alloy nanoparticles as ligand-free reference materials for nano-toxicological assays

• Christoph Rehbock,
• Jurij Jakobi,
• Lisa Gamrad,
• Selina van der Meer,
• Daniela Tiedemann,
• Ulrike Taylor,
• Wilfried Kues,
• Detlef Rath and
• Stephan Barcikowski

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 1523–1541, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.165

• reference materials is of paramount importance in reproduction biology, as fertilization is a highly sensitive process where a single cell counts. Influence of laser pulse length on particle size distribution. A) Representative normalized weight frequency of nanoparticle diameter of gold nanoparticles

Hydrophobic interaction governs unspecific adhesion of staphylococci: a single cell force spectroscopy study

• Nicolas Thewes,
• Peter Loskill,
• Philipp Jung,
• Henrik Peisker,
• Markus Bischoff,
• Mathias Herrmann and
• Karin Jacobs

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 1501–1512, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.163

• surface, single cell force spectroscopy is applied: A single cell of the apathogenic species Staphylococcus carnosus isolate TM300 is used as bacterial probe. With the exact same bacterium, hydrophobic and hydrophilic surfaces can be probed and compared. We find that as far as 50 nm from the surface

• hydrophobic (hydrophilic) surfaces. Keywords: atomic force microscopy (AFM); force spectroscopy; hydrophobic interaction; single cell; Staphylococcus carnosus; Introduction Members of the genus Staphylococcus are known to form extremely resistant biofilms, some of which can cause severe infectious diseases

• measuring bacterial adhesion forces has been introduced: single-cell force spectroscopy is a special mode of an atomic force microscope (AFM) [16] and is optimized to investigate adhesion forces [17][18] of single bacterial cells in a very controlled manner: By using AFM-cantilevers functionalized with

Molecular biology approaches in bioadhesion research

• Marcelo Rodrigues,
• Birgit Lengerer,
• Thomas Ostermann and
• Peter Ladurner

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 983–993, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.112

• information for evaluating gene function. However, these technologies require genomic information of the target organism or the gene of interest. Also, the microinjection delivering system in single-cell embryos are compulsory for these technologies. Nevertheless, TALENs and CRISPR appear to work in principle

Optical modeling-assisted characterization of dye-sensitized solar cells using TiO₂ nanotube arrays as photoanodes

• Jung-Ho Yun,
• Il Ku Kim,
• Yun Hau Ng,
• Lianzhou Wang and
• Rose Amal

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 895–902, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.102

• fabricated active area in the single cell was 0.16 cm2 (4 × 4 mm2). Characterization of TNT-based DSSCs The photovoltaic performances of the DSSCs were measured using a Keithley 2400 source measure unit under a calibrated AM 1.5 solar simulator (Oriel) at 100 mW·cm−2 light intensity. Incident photon-to