Green synthesis of biomass-derived carbon quantum dots for photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue

• Dalia Chávez-García,
• Mario Guzman,
• Viridiana Sanchez and
• Rubén D. Cadena-Nava

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 755–766, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.63

• the systems were prepared in water, some of the signals may have been shielded. In the spectrum, the absorption bands at 3350 cm−1 correspond to OH vibrations and N–H bonds, likely originating from water derived from the oxidation process. These bands are characteristic of the hydroxyl groups present

• in the acid structure. The peaks around 1600 cm−1 fall within the C–O range. The samples synthesized with nitric acid oxidation exhibit an additional peak at 1400 cm−1, associated with C–H and C–N bending vibrations, indicating the introduction of nitrogen atoms and oxygen-containing groups. The

• . FTIR of a) grape pomace peel with carbonyl peaks, carbon/nitrogen bonds, OH vibrations and some overtones of the benzene ring can be observed, and b) watermelon peel shows characteristics similar to grape pomace samples. Raman spectra recorded for CQDs prepared from grape pomace (left) and watermelon

Effect of repeating hydrothermal growth processes and rapid thermal annealing on CuO thin film properties

• Monika Ozga,
• Eunika Zielony,
• Aleksandra Wierzbicka,
• Anna Wolska,
• Marcin Klepka,
• Marek Godlewski,
• Bogdan J. Kowalski and
• Bartłomiej S. Witkowski

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 743–754, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.62

• ]. The remaining Raman lines, which were fitted with Lorentz functions, reveal mode frequencies in the ranges of 296–300, 345–346, and 624–633 cm−1. These values correspond to the following vibrations in the CuO layer: CuO Ag ≈ 300 cm−1, CuO ≈ 345 cm−1, and CuO ≈ 630 cm−1. Their values are similar to

Simultaneous electrochemical determination of uric acid and hypoxanthine at a TiO₂/graphene quantum dot-modified electrode

• Vu Ngoc Hoang,
• Dang Thi Ngoc Hoa,
• Nguyen Quang Man,
• Le Vu Truong Son,
• Le Van Thanh Son,
• Vo Thang Nguyen,
• Le Thi Hong Phong,
• Ly Hoang Diem,
• Kieu Chan Ly,
• Ho Sy Thang and
• Dinh Quang Khieu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 719–732, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.60

• are seen at 144, 395, 516, and 639 cm−1, respectively [28]. In the Raman spectrum of GQDs, the peak at 1353 cm−1 can be attributed to the D band, which can be assigned to the vibrations of carbon atoms because of the presence of structural defects. The peak at 1576 cm−1 can be assigned to the G band

• due to the vibrations of sp2-hybridized carbon atoms in graphene. The ratio of ID/IG is characteristic for the disorder of the graphene structure [29]. The characteristic vibrations for anatase are also observed in the Raman spectrum of the TiO2/GQDs sample. However, the D and G bands of GQDs shift to

Gold nanomakura: nanoarchitectonics and their photothermal response in association with carrageenan hydrogels

• Nabojit Das,
• Vikas,
• Akash Kumar,
• Sanjeev Soni and
• Raja Gopal Rayavarapu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 678–693, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.56

• confirmed through FTIR spectroscopy. C–H scissoring vibrations of H3C–N+ and C–N+ stretching are relatively less intense and slightly shifted in surfactant-capped gold nanoparticles with an appearance of a single band at 669 cm−1 as shown in Figure 5a. This is clear proof of the containments that surfactant

Functional fibrillar interfaces: Biological hair as inspiration across scales

• Guillermo J. Amador,
• Brett Klaassen van Oorschot,
• Caiying Liao,
• Jianing Wu and
• Da Wei

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 664–677, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.55

• the dark or catch prey [132]. A review of hairy sensation in mammals can be found here [133]. Spider appendages [134], cockroach antennae [135], and cricket cerci [136] possess hairs capable of detecting delicate vibrations, airflow, and interactions with various objects, enabling them to locate their

Exfoliation of titanium nitride using a non-thermal plasma process

• Priscila Jussiane Zambiazi,
• Dolores Ribeiro Ricci Lazar,
• Larissa Otubo,
• Rodrigo Fernando Brambilla de Souza,
• Almir Oliveira Neto and
• Cecilia Chaves Guedes-Silva

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 631–637, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.53

• , possibly due to surface oxidation of the powder. This observation can explain the presence of the 340 cm−1 peak, indicative of anatase formation. Additionally, the Raman spectra reveal vibrations resulting from nitrogen and titanium deficiencies within the TiN structure. Specifically, the peak at 253 cm−1

• is attributed to the vibration of heavy titanium ions around nitrogen vacancies, while the 592 cm−1 peak arises from nitrogen ion vibrations near titanium vacancies [22][23][24]. Remarkably, the Raman spectra for both bulk and exfoliated TiN samples are similar. This consistency suggests that the non

AFM-IR investigation of thin PECVD SiO_x films on a polypropylene substrate in the surface-sensitive mode

• Hendrik Müller,
• Hartmut Stadler,
• Teresa de los Arcos,
• Adrian Keller and
• Guido Grundmeier

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 603–611, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.51

• absorption of IR photons results in molecular vibrations in the material under investigation. This photon absorption also causes the thermal expansion of the material. The resulting photothermally generated tip–sample force is measured via changes in the deflection signal of the AFM cantilever. The

Radiofrequency enhances drug release from responsive nanoflowers for hepatocellular carcinoma therapy

• Yanyan Wen,
• Ningning Song,
• Yueyou Peng,
• Weiwei Wu,
• Qixiong Lin,
• Minjie Cui,
• Rongrong Li,
• Qiufeng Yu,
• Sixue Wu,
• Yongkang Liang,
• Wei Tian and
• Yanfeng Meng

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 569–579, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.49

• -hydroxyphenyl) disulfide (HPS), the absorption peaks corresponding to the C=O and –OH groups of the phenolic hydroxy group were located at 1220 cm−1 and 3330 cm−1, respectively. Furthermore, the peaks at 533 cm−1 and 620 cm−1 corresponded to the P–Cl vibrations of the hexachlorocyclotriphosphazene (HCCP

• ) molecule, while the peaks at 874 cm−1 and 1217.3 cm−1 resulted from the vibrations of P–N and P=N in HCCP. The FTIR spectrum of the CUR-Fe@MnO2 NFs revealed an absorption peak corresponding to the Fe–O bond in the Fe3O4 NCs at 584 cm−1. A new absorption peak at 963 cm−1 indicated the formation of P–O– CUR

Photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue under visible light by cobalt ferrite nanoparticles/graphene quantum dots

• Vo Chau Ngoc Anh,
• Le Thi Thanh Nhi,
• Le Thi Kim Dung,
• Dang Thi Ngoc Hoa,
• Nguyen Truong Son,
• Nguyen Thi Thao Uyen,
• Nguyen Ngoc Uyen Thu,
• Le Van Thanh Son,
• Le Trung Hieu,
• Tran Ngoc Tuyen and
• Dinh Quang Khieu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 475–489, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.43

• of the solid part extracted from the suspension of CF/GQDs-200. The FTIR spectra of CF and CF/GQDs-200 are shown in Figure 3a. CF has two broad bands at 387 and 580 cm−1, attributed to the characteristic stretching vibrations of the iron and cobalt bonds at the tetrahedral and octahedral sites

• , respectively [19]. For CF/GQDs, the broad bands from 750–400 cm−1 possibly involve the vibrations of metal and oxygen in cobalt ferrite. The bands at 3408–3450 cm−1 are attributed to stretching vibrations of O–H groups, while the bands at 1622, 1375, 1233, and 1080 cm−1 are assigned to C=C vibrations of

• aromatic carbons, O–H bending in carboxylic and carbonyl groups, C=O vibrations in epoxy groups, and stretching vibrations of C–O in alkoxy groups, respectively [20][21]. These functional groups prove the existence of GQDs in CF/GQDs. The Raman spectra of CF and CF/GQDs are presented in Figure 3b,c. CF

Potential of a deep eutectic solvent in silver nanoparticle fabrication for antibiotic residue detection

• Le Hong Tho,
• Bui Xuan Khuyen,
• Ngoc Xuan Dat Mai and
• Nhu Hoa Thi Tran

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 426–434, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.38

• spectra of SERS-based biosensors are simple but powerful results, in which every single component of the analytes can be recognized via characteristic vibrations of identical groups [1]. In particular, SERS is an advantageous and practical choice for biosensors in clinical settings thanks to fast response

• ). At the limit of detection (LOD) of 10−8 M, the SERS spectrum clearly shows emerging peaks, the highest enhancement factor (EF) of which reaches 6.29 × 107, proving the NFT residue tracing capability of the Ag NPs-DES substrate. These peaks correspond to vibrations of characteristic groups of NFT as

Vinorelbine-loaded multifunctional magnetic nanoparticles as anticancer drug delivery systems: synthesis, characterization, and in vitro release study

• Zeynep Özcan and
• Afife Binnaz Hazar Yoruç

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 256–269, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.24

• can be attributed to the vibration associated with stretching hydroxy (–OH) groups in Fe3O4 NPs (Figure 4a). FTIR analysis revealed that the peaks observed at 1150 and 2890 cm–1 correspond to the vibrations associated with stretching C–O–C and C–H groups in SH-PEG, respectively [50]. The presence of

CdSe/ZnS quantum dots as a booster in the active layer of distributed ternary organic photovoltaics

• Gabriela Lewińska,
• Piotr Jeleń,
• Zofia Kucia,
• Maciej Sitarz,
• Łukasz Walczak,
• Bartłomiej Szafraniak,
• Jerzy Sanetra and
• Konstanty W. Marszalek

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 144–156, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.14

• recorded previously [49]. The C–S–C ring deformation (725 cm−1), C–C intra-ring stretching (1,379 cm−1), and symmetric C=C stretching vibrations (1,447 cm−1) of P3HT were outlined. The PCBM Raman spectrum has four peaks at 658, 1,038, 1,127, and 1,570 cm−1. Raman spectra for the mixtures considered are

Berberine-loaded polylactic acid nanofiber scaffold as a drug delivery system: The relationship between chemical characteristics, drug-release behavior, and antibacterial efficiency

• Le Thi Le,
• Hue Thi Nguyen,
• Liem Thanh Nguyen,
• Huy Quang Tran and
• Thuy Thi Thu Nguyen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 71–82, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.7

• bonds, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) was used to examine the differences in chemical characteristics of BBR-loaded PLA nanofiber scaffolds (Figure 2A). The FTIR spectrum of PLA nanofiber scaffold shows the adsorption peaks at 1751 cm−1 resulting from the stretching vibrations of the C=O

• bond in carboxylic groups. The two bands at 1182 cm−1 and 1087 cm−1 were attributed to the C–O–C binding vibrations. The absorption bands at 2992 cm−1 and 2947 cm−1 were characteristics of asymmetrical and symmetrical stretching vibrations of the C–H bond, while the asymmetrical vibrations of –CH3

Influence of conductive carbon and MnCo₂O₄ on morphological and electrical properties of hydrogels for electrochemical energy conversion

• Sylwia Pawłowska,
• Karolina Cysewska,
• Yasamin Ziai,
• Jakub Karczewski,
• Piotr Jasiński and
• Sebastian Molin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 57–70, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.6

• spectrum of MnCo2O4, two transmittance bands at 620 and 478 cm−1, characteristic of M–O stretching and vibrations of the spinel structure, were visible (Figure 3b) [49][50]. In the case of super P Li conductive carbon black, no distinct peaks can be seen in the FTIR spectra. However, it is visible that

Curcumin-loaded albumin submicron particles with potential as a cancer therapy: an in vitro study

• Nittiya Suwannasom,
• Netsai Sriaksorn,
• Chutamas Thepmalee,
• Krissana Khoothiam,
• Ausanai Prapan,
• Hans Bäumler and
• Chonthida Thephinlap

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 1127–1140, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.93

• from CUR within CUR-HSA-MPs. FTIR analyses were used to confirm the chemical binding of CUR to HSA (Figure 3A). The FTIR spectrum of CUR (blue line spectrum) demonstrated bands at 3501 cm−1 (broad, phenolic O–H stretching vibration), 1667 cm−1 (stretching vibrations of the benzene ring of CUR), 1513 cm

• −1 (C=O and C=C vibrations), and 1435 cm−1 (olefinic C–H bending vibration). The 1309 cm−1 band corresponds to the aromatic C–O stretching vibrations, while the C–O–C stretching vibrations were represented at 1020/951 cm−1 [35]. The characteristic adsorption bands of pure HSA (pink line spectrum) at

• 1644 and 1546 cm−1 indicated the vibration adsorption of amide I (C=O stretching) and amide II (C–N stretching and N–H bending vibrations), respectively. These are the main vibrational bands in the albumin backbone that formed the secondary structure of the protein. It is also seen that the absorption

Isolation of cubic Si₃P₄ in the form of nanocrystals

• Polina K. Nikiforova,
• Sergei S. Bubenov,
• Vadim B. Platonov,
• Andrey S. Kumskov,
• Nikolay N. Kononov,
• Tatyana A. Kuznetsova and
• Sergey G. Dorofeev

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 971–979, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.80

• FTIR spectroscopy of the etching product are shown in Figure 1). The bands with the wavenumbers of 2105 and 2900 cm−1, and the broad signal at 3400 cm−1 were attributed to vibrations of Si–H, C–H, and O–H bonds, respectively [25]. The IR spectra of the unetched Si NPs display bands in a wavenumber

• range of 1000–1200 cm−1, which were associated to the stretching vibrations of Si–O bonds occurring in the oxide layer on the surface of the Si NPs [26][27][28]. A detailed comparison of bands and vibrations can be found in Table S1 of Supporting Information File 1. The analysis of the diffractogram of

• analysis for the Si3P4 unit cell yields Γoptic = A1 + E + 2T1 + 3T2, Raman active vibrations of the representations A1, as well as E and T2, totaling five prior to splitting. DFT calculations were used to tentatively assign symmetries to the observed Raman modes (Table 2). The resultant structural

Upscaling the urea method synthesis of CoAl layered double hydroxides

• Camilo Jaramillo-Hernández,
• Víctor Oestreicher,
• Martín Mizrahi and
• Gonzalo Abellán

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 927–938, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.76

• anions (Figure 1B). In the case of the reference x1, the spectrum displays a broad signal at ca. 3400 cm−1, which corresponds to the OH stretching vibrations typically attributed to interlayer water molecules, as confirmed by the extra signal at 1600 cm−1 (water bending mode). The presence of carbonate

Ultralow-energy amorphization of contaminated silicon samples investigated by molecular dynamics

• Grégoire R. N. Defoort-Levkov,
• Alan Bahm and
• Patrick Philipp

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 834–849, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.68

• amorphous region”, where 0.89 < µ < 0.94. The damage induced by ion Ar irradiation has not yet completely disturbed the local order. This region is always located between the crystalline and amorphous slabs. In the crystalline region, the sample is intact, and only thermal vibrations occurs. The amorphous

A wearable nanoscale heart sound sensor based on P(VDF-TrFE)/ZnO/GR and its application in cardiac disease detection

• Yi Luo,
• Jian Liu,
• Jiachang Zhang,
• Yu Xiao,
• Ying Wu and
• Zhidong Zhao

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 819–833, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.67

• known as the positive piezoelectric effect. Most current electronic stethoscopes utilize the positive piezoelectric properties of rigid piezoelectric materials such as lead zirconate titanate (Pb(Zr1−xTix)O3, PZT). These materials convert sound wave vibrations into proportional electrical signals. After

Nanostructured lipid carriers containing benznidazole: physicochemical, biopharmaceutical and cellular in vitro studies

• Giuliana Muraca,
• María Esperanza Ruiz,
• Rocío C. Gambaro,
• Sebastián Scioli-Montoto,
• María Laura Sbaraglini,
• Gisel Padula,
• José Sebastián Cisneros,
• Cecilia Yamil Chain,
• Vera A. Álvarez,
• Cristián Huck-Iriart,
• Guillermo R. Castro,
• María Belén Piñero,
• Matias Ildebrando Marchetto,
• Catalina Alba Soto,
• Germán A. Islan and
• Alan Talevi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 804–818, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.66

• to C=O and C–O stretching of ester groups, respectively. The peak at 1467 cm−1 was associated with the deforming vibrations of the C–H of alkanes [27]. The characteristic peaks of poloxamer 188 were at 3600 cm−1 relative to the O–H stretching, the intense peak at 2873 cm−1 corresponding to C–H

Silver-based SERS substrates fabricated using a 3D printed microfluidic device

• Phommachith Sonexai,
• Minh Van Nguyen,
• Bui The Huy and
• Yong-Ill Lee

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 793–803, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.65

• substrates with different etching times. The spectra exhibit peaks at 621, 1199, 1279, 1358, 1508, 1528, and 1647 cm−1. The peaks at 621, 1199, and 1279 cm−1 are related to deformation vibrations of the xanthene ring, the stretching of the C–C bridge bands, and the bending of the aromatic C–H bonds

• spectrum of MLM exhibits strong peaks at 583, 676, and 983 cm−1. The peak at 583 cm−1 is related to a mixed mode of N–C–N bending and NH2 twisting vibrations. The peak at 676 cm−1 is attributed to the plane deformation modes of the triazine ring, and the peak at 983 cm−1 is ascribed to C–N–C bending

• vibrations [54][55]. The Raman spectra of MLM on the PS@Ag SERS substrate shows peaks at 585, 679, and 985 cm−1, which are shifted compared to those in the Raman spectrum of MLM because of the interaction between MLM and the Ag surface. The SERS intensity at the fingerprint peak of 682 cm−1 as a function of

Silver nanoparticles loaded on lactose/alginate: in situ synthesis, catalytic degradation, and pH-dependent antibacterial activity

• Nguyen Thi Thanh Tu,
• T. Lan-Anh Vo,
• T. Thu-Trang Ho,
• Kim-Phuong T. Dang,
• Van-Dung Le,
• Phan Nhat Minh,
• Chi-Hien Dang,
• Vinh-Thien Tran,
• Van-Su Dang,
• Tran Thi Kim Chi,
• Hieu Vu-Quang,
• Radek Fajgar,
• Thi-Lan-Huong Nguyen,
• Van-Dat Doan and
• Thanh-Danh Nguyen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 781–792, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.64

• exhibit similar signals, including broad band at around 3400 and 2900 cm−1, attributed, respectively, to the –OH and –CH stretching vibrations of the sugar units of polysaccharides [40]. Furthermore, single peaks at 1600 and 1436 cm−1 are observed, corresponding to the symmetric and asymmetric stretching

• vibrations of COO− groups, respectively [41]. Additionally, the peaks at 1034 and 826 cm−1 are attributed to the stretching vibration of C–OH groups and the bending vibration of –CH groups [42]. Based on these data, it can be inferred that the primary components of the nanocomposites are polysaccharides. To

In situ magnesiothermic reduction synthesis of a Ge@C composite for high-performance lithium-ion batterie anodes

• Ha Tran Huu,
• Ngoc Phi Nguyen,
• Vuong Hoang Ngo,
• Huy Hoang Luc,
• Minh Kha Le,
• Minh Thu Nguyen,
• My Loan Phung Le,
• Hye Rim Kim,
• In Young Kim,
• Sung Jin Kim,
• Van Man Tran and
• Vien Vo

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 751–761, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.62

• stretching motions of C=O and C=C groups. The remaining band are stretching vibrations of alkoxy C–O or aromatic bonds [39]. Further analysis of the structure of pure Ge, biomass-derived carbon, and chemical contact between Ge and carbon matrix in the composites was conducted using Raman spectra. As shown in

Current-induced mechanical torque in chiral molecular rotors

• Richard Korytár and
• Ferdinand Evers

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 711–721, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.57

• -induced torques have been obtained within the non-equilibrium Green’s function formalism [13][14]. The current excites a variety of molecular vibrational modes, rendering the atomistic analysis of the torque very complex (see [6] for an ab initio calculation of the vibrations). To bring about a controlled

A graphene quantum dots–glassy carbon electrode-based electrochemical sensor for monitoring malathion

• Sanju Tanwar,
• Aditi Sharma and
• Dhirendra Mathur

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 701–710, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.56

• shows the presence of only carbon and oxygen in the GQDs with 82.35 atom % carbon and 17.65 atom % oxygen. Figure 5a shows the functional groups present on the surface of the GQDs measured using FTIR infrared spectroscopy. The broad absorption band at 3430 cm−1 corresponds to stretching vibrations of O

• –H bonds [36], which impart hydrophilicity to GQDs to form a dispersion in water. Similarly, the peaks at 2923 and 2850 cm−1 may be assigned to C–H stretching vibrations, the peaks at 2358, 1040, and 1158 cm−1 to C–O stretching vibrations, the peaks at 1625 cm−1 to C=C vibrations, and the peaks at

• 1380 cm−1 to C–H vibrations of alkyl groups [37]. It can be inferred that the surface of GQDs is passivated by surface groups that occur during the carbonization of glucose. The Raman spectrum of the GQDs in the spectral range of 1000–2000 cm−1 without any baseline correction displays typical D (ca